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CBSE Questions for Class 10 Chemistry Carbon And Its Compounds Quiz 7 - MCQExams.com
CBSE
Class 10 Chemistry
Carbon And Its Compounds
Quiz 7
Which of the following rules should be followed while identifying parent chain?
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Maximum number of multiple bonds
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Maximum length of chain
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Maximum number of single bonds
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All of above
Explanation
The parent chain must obey the following rules, in order of precedence:
It should have the maximum number of substituents of the suffix functional group.
It should have the maximum number of multiple bonds.
It should have the maximum number of single bonds.
It should have the maximum carbon chain length.
Hence option $$D$$ is correct.
The most common characteristics of homologous series is increase in the number of:
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propyl units
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methyl units
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methylene units
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butyl units
Explanation
The most common characteristic of homologous series is increase in the number of
methylene $$(-CH_{2}-)$$ units in saturated chain within the molecule.
Compounds belonging to a homologous series have the same
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number of carbon atoms
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functional group
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number of hydrogen atoms
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none of above
Explanation
Compounds within a homologous series typically have a fixed set of functional groups that gives them similar chemical and physical properties.
Cyclic alkanes are simply prefixed with:
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alphabet
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cyclo
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ring
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numbers
Explanation
Cyclic alkanes are simply prefixed with "cyclo-". For example, $$C_{4}H_{8}$$ is cyclobutane and $$C_{6}H_{12}$$ is cyclohexane.
In the homologous series of alkane, the boiling point increases with :
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increase in volume
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decrease in mass
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increase in mass
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decrease in number of atoms
Explanation
Within the alkane homologous series, many physical properties such as boiling point gradually increase with increasing mass. For example, ethane $$(C_{2}H_{6})$$ has a higher boiling point than methane $$(CH_{4})$$.
Carbon forms bonds with another element by :
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transferring of electrons.
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sharing of electrons.
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Both A and B.
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None of the above.
Explanation
The carbon atom shares its electrons with the other atom to form a covalent bond.
It does not transfer its electrons to other ions.
Hence, the correct option is $$B$$.
How many bonds does carbon atom form at a time?
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3
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2
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4
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1
Explanation
The carbon atom has a maximum valency of 4, so
it is capable of forming 4 bonds with other atoms at a time.
So, the correct option is $$C$$.
How many double covalent bonds can a single carbon atom form at a time?
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1
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2
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3
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4
Explanation
carbon can have a maximum valency of 4 and can form at the most two double bonds.
Name the parent chain.
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Heptane
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Nonane
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Hexane
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Octane
Explanation
The longest carbon chain is also known as the parent chain. The given structure has $$9$$ carbon atoms in the longest chain. Hence, the parent chain is nonane.
Successive members of homologous series differ from one another in their mass by:
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10 units
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15 units
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20 units
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14 units
Explanation
A
series of organic compounds with the same general formula but differ from adjacent members by $$"-C{H}_{2}-"$$ group are referred to as homologous series of compounds. Successive members of homologous series differ from one another in their mass by $$14 \ units$$.
For example: $$CH_4$$ and $$C_2H_6$$ are homologous series. Its molar mass is $$16$$ and $$30 \ gm/mole$$ respectively.
Hence, it is differed by unit $$14$$.
Option D is correct.
If the number of carbon atoms $$n$$ is 6, the corresponding alkane is:
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heptane
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hexane
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butane
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nonane
Explanation
Carbon compounds that contain only single bonds between the carbon atoms are called alkanes. Their general formula is $$C_n{H}_{2n+2}$$.
If $$n=6$$, $$C_6H_{(2\times 6)+2}$$ $$= C_6H_{14}$$
Hence, the alkane is hexane.
Why a saturated hydrocarbon does not undergo addition reactions?
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They have low stability
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All carbon bonds are fully utilized
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They have low boiling points
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All of above
Explanation
Saturated hydrocarbon does not undergo addition reaction because the bond between carbon atoms is already a single bond and is very stable.
Therefore, we can say all carbon bonds are fully utilized.
The melting and boiling points of the members of homologous series increase gradually because of:
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increase in molecular size
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decrease in atomic number
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increase in number of $$C$$ atoms
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None of these
Explanation
T
he number of $$C$$ atoms in homologous series increases gradually. Van der Waal's force increases as the molecules get bigger. Hence, the melting and boiling points of the members of homologous series increase gradually because their molecular masses increase.
Reagents used for oxidation of carbon compounds are:
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acidified $$K_{2}Cr_{2}O_{7}$$
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alkaline $$KMnO_{4}$$
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both $$A$$ and B
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none of these
Explanation
Oxidation is a process of intake of oxygen and the removal of hydrogen.
Some substances are capable of adding oxygen to others. These substances are known as oxidizing agents. Examples are alkaline potassium permanganate
$$(KMnO_{4})$$
or acidified potassium dichromate
$$(K_{2}Cr_{2}O_{7})$$
Option $$C$$ is correct.
Saturated carbon compounds are usually not very reactive because :
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$$C-C$$ are very weak
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$$C-C$$ are very strong
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They require heat for reaction
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Both A and C
Explanation
Saturated carbon compounds are usually not very reactive because the carbon-carbon single bonds are very strong.
Addition reactions are limited to chemical compounds that have :
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multiple bonds
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single bonds
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only double bonds
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only triple bonds
Explanation
Addition reactions are limited to chemical compounds that have multiple bonds, such as molecules with carbon-carbon double bonds (alkenes), or with triple bonds (alkynes).
Which of the following is a characteristic of homologous series?
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All the members can be represented by same general formula
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All the members have same functional group
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Both a and b
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All the members show different chemical properties
Explanation
A
ll the members can be represented by same general formula. The molecular formulae of two successive members differ by $$C{H}_{2}$$ group or by $$14 u$$. All the members have same functional group. All the members show similar chemical properties.
The longest chain has eight carbon atoms and thus the name of parent alkane compound is :
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octane
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heptane
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nonane
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decane
Explanation
The term heptane is used for alkane with seven carbon atoms, nonane for alkane with nine carbon atoms, decane is for alkane with ten carbon atoms, and octane for alkane with eight carbon atoms. In the given question, the
longest chain has eight carbon atoms and, so the name of the parent compound would be octane.
Hence option A is correct.
Which of the following is alkane?
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$$C_{10}H_{22}$$
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$$C_{10}H_{20}$$
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$$C_{9}H_{18}$$
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$$C_8H_8$$
Explanation
Decane is an alkane hydrocarbon, with the chemical formula $$C_{10}H_{22}$$.
Hence, option $$\text{A}$$ is correct.
State whether given statement is True or False :
Methene is an alkene with two hydrogen atoms.
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True
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False
Explanation
Alkene means that has a double bond thus, methene does not have any double bond because the methane molecular formula is $$CH_4$$ and it is saturated hydrocarbon. Hence, the above statement is not invalid as methene is not a alkene .
Carbon exhibits ________ by sharing its four electrons.
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pentavalency
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tetravalency
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trivalency
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divalency
Explanation
Carbon has four valence electrons in its outermost shell. It attains its stability by sharing these four electrons and is said to exhibit
tetravalency.
Hence, option B is correct.
If C = 4, then the alkyne is :
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butyne
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butene
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propyne
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propene
Explanation
If C = 4, then, $$C_nH_{2n-2} = C_4H_{2 \times 4-2} = C_4H_6$$.
The name of this compound is butyne.
Carbon atom can form stable bonds because
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Weak Vander Waal's forces
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Ionic bonds
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Strong C-C Covalent Bonds
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None of above
Explanation
The major reason for carbon to make stable bonds is its small size. This enables the nucleus to hold onto the shared pairs of electrons strongly. and thus forming strong C-C covalent bonds.
Hydrocarbons having single bonds are known as:
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saturated hydrocarbon
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unsaturated hydrocarbon
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alkyne
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none of above
Explanation
Hydrocarbons having single bonds are known as saturated hydrocarbons. Saturated hydrocarbons are known as an alkane. These are also known as paraffin.
Unsaturated hydrocarbons are having double or triple bonds i.e alkenes and alkynes.
Hence, option $$A$$ is correct.
Is the following compound saturated or unsaturated?
$$C_6H_{12}$$
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Saturated
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Unsaturated
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Both A and B
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None of the above
Explanation
From its molecular formula $$C_6H_{12}$$, we see that it satisfies the general formula of alkene $$C_nH_{2n}$$, where n=2. An alkene is an unsaturated compound.
$$CH_3CH_2CH_2CH=CHCH_3$$ is unsaturated due to the presence of a double bond.
Option B is correct.
In nomenclature of carbon compounds, functional group can be written as __________ .
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prefix
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suffix
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Both a or b
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None of above
Explanation
If a functional group is present, it is indicated in the name of the compound as a prefix or a suffix. For example, in 'propanone', the functional group '-one' is used as suffix. In 'c
hloropropane', the functional group 'chloro-' is used as prefix.
Due to its small size, carbon atom can form:
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multiple bonds
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metallic bond
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no bond
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ionic bond
Explanation
Due to its small size, the carbon atom can form multiple bonds, i.e., double and triple bonds with not only carbon but with atoms of other elements like oxygen, nitrogen, etc.
The formation of these multiple bonds gives rise to a variety in the carbon compounds.
Hence, the correct option is $$\text{A}$$.
Why does ethane have a higher boiling point than methane?
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Difference in size
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Functional group
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Difference in shape
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None of above
Explanation
Ethane have a higher boiling point than methane because molecules of ethane ($$C_2H_6$$) have more Van der Waals forces (intermolecular forces) with neighboring molecules than methane ($$CH_4$$) due to the greater number of atoms present in the molecule of ethane compared to methane.
Ethane, with the molecular formula $$C_2H_6$$ has:
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$$6$$ covalent bonds
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$$7$$ covalent bonds
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$$8$$ covalent bonds
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$$9$$ covalent bonds
Explanation
Ethane with molecular formula $$C_2H_6$$ has seven covalent bonds. $$6$$ bonds between $$C-H$$ and one is between $$C-C$$. The six hydrogen atoms will each share
their 1 electron with carbon
to form six carbon-hydrogen covalent bonds.
The two carbon atoms will each share
their 1 electron to form one carbon-carbon
covalent bond.
Four covalent bonds are formed by an element in its compounds and that element is:
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Na
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Ca
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C
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F
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Li
Explanation
Four covalent bonds are formed by an element in its compounds and that element is C.
For example, in methane, $$\displaystyle CH_4$$ , C forms four covalent $$\displaystyle C-H$$ bonds.
Similarly, in carbon tetrachloride, $$\displaystyle CCl_4$$ , C forms four covalent $$\displaystyle C-Cl$$ bonds.
All other elements given in the options form ionic bonds as they are either highly electropositive or highly electronegative elements.
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