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CBSE Questions for Class 10 Physics Sources Of Energy Quiz 2 - MCQExams.com
CBSE
Class 10 Physics
Sources Of Energy
Quiz 2
State whether given statement is True or False
A wind mill converts electric energy into kinetic energy.
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True
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False
Explanation
The statement is opposite. A windmill converts the kinetic energy of wind into electric energy.
The group of solar cells connected in a specific pattern to produce desired magnitude of electric current is called :
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Solar complex
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Solar panel
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Solar battery
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None of these
Explanation
Solar panel refers either to a photovoltaic module, a solar hot water panel or to a set of solar photovoltaic (PV) modules electrically connected and mounted on a supporting structure. A PV module is a packaged, connected assembly of solar cells. Solar panels can be used as a component of a larger photovoltaic system to generate and supply electricity in commercial and residential applications.
The air pollution caused by the internal combustion engine vehicles can be reduced by using :
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CNG gas
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LPG
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petrol
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either (a) or (b).
Explanation
Answer is A.
Carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and hydrocarbons are released when fuel is burned in an internal combustion engine and when air/fuel residuals are emitted through the vehicle tailpipe. Gasoline vapors also escape into the atmosphere during refueling and when fuel vaporizes from engines and fuel systems caused by vehicle operation or hot weather.
The pollutants in vehicle emissions are known to damage lung tissue, and can lead to and aggravate respiratory diseases, such as asthma. Motor vehicle pollution also contributes to the formation of acid rain and adds to the greenhouse gases that cause climate change.
Pollutants emitted directly from vehicles are not the only cause for concern. On warm, sunny days, hydrocarbons react with oxides of nitrogen to create a secondary pollutant, ozone. In many urban areas, motor vehicles are the single largest contributor to ground-level ozone which is a common component of smog. Ozone causes coughing, wheezing and shortness of breath, and can bring on permanent lung damage, making it a cause of crucial public health problems.
Hence, CNG gas is used to control the air pollution. Compressed natural gas, or CNG, is natural gas under pressure which remains clear, odorless, and non-corrosive. Although vehicles can use natural gas as either a liquid or a gas, most vehicles use the gaseous form compressed to high pressures.
The wind energy is not dependable because :
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wind does not blow all the time
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speed of wind changes suddenly
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both (a) and (b)
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none of these
Explanation
Wind-generated power is a variable resource, and the amount of electricity produced at any given point of time will depend on the wind speed, air density, and turbine characteristics (among other factors).
If wind speed is too low (less than about $$2.5 \ m/s$$) then the wind turbines will not be able to make electricity, and if it is too high (more than about $$25 \ m/s$$) the turbines will have to be shut down to avoid damage.
Hence, as the wind does not blow all the time and the speed of the wind changes suddenly, wind energy is not dependable.
65% by volume is hydrogen gas in the biogas.
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True
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False
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Ambiguous
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Data insufficient
Explanation
Biogas is a mixture of methane, carbon dioxide,
hydrogen, and hydrogen sulfide
produced by the decomposition of plant and animal waste, that is used as fuel
.
Biogas is an excellent fuel as it contains up to 75% methane. It burns without smoke, leaves no residue like ash in wood, charcoal, and coal burning. Its heating capacity is high.
Coal and petroleum are called fossil fuels.
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True
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False
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Ambiguous
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Data insufficient
Explanation
Answer is A.
The fossil fuels we use today are actually formed from plants and animals that existed hundreds of millions of years ago.
Coal and petroleum are made of dead matter buried under the earth for many years. The dead and decaying matter under great amount of pressure and temperatures turn into fossils and they both are used as fuels, called fossil fuels.
Hence, the given statement is true.
The gas that is obtained by the fermentation of biomass is :
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LPG
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CNG
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hydrogen
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biogas
Explanation
Biomass is fuel that is
developed from organic materials
, a renewable and sustainable source of energy used to create electricity or other forms of power.
The gas obtained by the fermentation of biomass is called biogas.
Hydroelectric plants interfere with the natural eco-systems.
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True
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False
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Ambiguous
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Data insufficient
Explanation
Hydroelectric power includes both massive hydroelectric dams and small run-of-the-river plants. Large-scale hydroelectric dams continue to be built in many parts of the world.
Flooding land for a hydroelectric reservoir has an extreme environmental impact: it destroys forests, wildlife habitats, agricultural land, and scenic lands.
Global warming emissions are produced during the installation and dismantling of hydroelectric power plants.
Which one of the following is not a characteristic of a good fuel?
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No emission of smoke or harmful gases
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High ignition temperature
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High calorific value
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Not much ash (residue) after burning
Explanation
Characteristics of a good fuel are as follows:
1. Cheap and easily available.
2. Easy to store and transport.
3. Low ash content.
4. Should not produce any harmful substances.
5. High calorific value.
6. Moderate ignition temperature.
All are solid fuels except:
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Alcohol
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Wood and Coal
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Coke
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Charcoal
Explanation
Solid fuels include peat, coal, coke, wood, biomass. Liquid fuels include petroleum, alcohol. Gaseous fuel includes natural gas.
Gas obtained from animal dung and human excreta is called:
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biogas
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water gas
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waste gas
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all of these
Explanation
Biogas is produced from decomposition of any biodegradable waste such as sewage, kitchen wastes, animal wastes, etc.
The super heated steam is raised in geothermal plants by the heat of:
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Magma
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Lava
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Either $$A$$ or $$B$$
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None of these
Explanation
The heat from the earth's core continuously flows outward. It transfers (conducts) to the surrounding layer of rock, the mantle. When temperatures and pressures become high enough, some mantle rock melts, becoming magma. Then, because it is lighter (less dense) than the surrounding rock, the magma rises, moving slowly up toward the earth's crust, carrying the heat from below.
Sometimes the hot magma reaches all the way to the surface, where we know it as lava. But most often the magma remains below the earth's crust, heating nearby rock and water (rainwater that has seeped deep into the earth) - sometimes as hot as 700 degrees F. Some of this hot geothermal water travels back up through faults and cracks and reaches the earth's surface as hot springs or geysers, but most of it stays deep underground, trapped in cracks and porous rock. This natural collection of hot water is called a geothermal reservoir.
Hence, the super-heated steam is raised in geothermal plants by the heat of magma or lava.
The non-renewable source of energy amongst the following is :
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wind energy
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hydel energy
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solar energy
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fossil fuels
Explanation
Answer is D.
A non-renewable resource (also called a finite resource) is a resource that does not renew itself at a sufficient rate for sustainable economic extraction in meaningful human time-frames. An example is carbon-based, organically-derived fuel. The original organic material, with the aid of heat and pressure, becomes a fuel such as oil or gas. Earth minerals and metal ores, fossil fuels (such as coal, petroleum, and natural gas), nuclear fuels, and groundwater in certain aquifers are all non-renewable resources.
Natural resources such as coal, petroleum (crude oil) and natural gas take thousands of years to form naturally and cannot be replaced as fast as they are being consumed. Eventually it is considered that fossil-based resources will become too costly to harvest and humanity will need to shift its reliance to other sources of energy.
Hence, fossil fuels are non-renewable resources.
In a wind mill the electric energy is converted into mechanical energy.
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True
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False
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Ambiguous
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Data insufficient
Explanation
The answer is B.
Windmills, like waterwheels, were among the original prime movers that replaced animal muscle as a source of power. They are used for centuries in various parts of the world, converting the energy of the wind into mechanical energy for grinding grain, pumping water, and draining lowland areas.
The kinetic energy of the wind is transformed into the mechanical energy of the turning windmill. This can be used to turn the coil of a generator to generate electricity. The original energy to cause the wind to blow came from the sun. Uneven heating of the earth's surface causes wind.
So basically, a windmill generates electrical energy from mechanical energy, not the other way round.
Hence, the statement is false.
The sources of energy which are being produced continuously in nature and which are inexhaustible are called:
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conventional sources
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non-conventional sources
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non-renewable sources
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none of these
Explanation
Non-conventional sources are abundant in nature and are being replenished. Example: solar energy, tidal energy, wind energy.
Energy available from the oceans is:
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OTE
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Sea-waves energy
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Tidal energy
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All of the above
Explanation
Renewable energy obtained from the ocean is together termed ocean energy. Thus, ocean energy can be classified into various categories such as ocean thermal energy, tidal energy, and wave energy.
Which of the following is an important source of light for us?
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Sun
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Stars
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Jupiter
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Venus
Explanation
Sun is the most important source of light for us.
The Sun is the nearest star to us. It is continuously emitting huge amounts of heat and light. The Sun is the source of almost all energy on the Earth. In fact, the Sun is the main source of heat and light for all the planets.
The planets look like stars, but they do not have the light of their own. They merely reflect the sunlight that falls on them.
Stars emit light of their own. The Sun is also a star. But the stars are millions of times farther away than the Sun.
.......... is formed by the transformation of trees buried inside the earth millions of years ago.
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Biogas
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Coal
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Diesel
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Iron
Explanation
On land, when trees are buried inside the earth millions of years ago and due to high temperature and pressure, these get converted into coal.
Diesel is formed from crude oil, which is formed from the plants and aquatic animals in the oceans when buried for millions of years.
Which of the following is not a property of a good source of energy?
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High abundance of the resource
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High efficiency of the fuel
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High cost
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Causes less pollution
Explanation
Properties of good sources of energy:
1) It is easily accessible, cost efficient and long lasting.
2)Causes no pollution on burning.
3)Produce more energy per unit mass/volume.
4)It is renewable and easily available.
Hence, high cost is not a property of good sources of energy.
The energy possessed by wind is:
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kinetic energy
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potential energy
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thermal energy
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sound energy
Explanation
Kinetic energy is defined as the energy possessed by an object by virtue of its motion. Winds has energy to turn the blades of a wind mill to produce electricity.
Hence, energy possessed by winds is kinetic energy.
The fossil fuels include:
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Uranium
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Soil
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Natural gas
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Plants
Explanation
Fossil fuels are formed when plants and marine species are buried below ground and are subjected to immense pressure and temperature for thousands of years. Examples include coal, petroleum and natural gas.
Uranium, soil and plants are obviously not the fossil fuels.
Example of fossil energy is :
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Alcohol
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Hydrogen
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Petrol
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Gobar gas
Explanation
Petrol is a product of petroleum obtained with the help of fractional distillation. Petroleum is a fossil fuel taken out from various depths of the earth both on land and sea shore.
In India, a nuclear power plant is located in
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Rampur
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Tarapur
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Sahranpur
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Kanpur
Explanation
Nuclear power plants in India are:
1. Rawatbhata, Rajasthan
2. Tarapur, Maharashtra
3. Kaiga, Karnataka
4. Kudankulam, Tamil Nadu
5. Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu
6. Kakrapar, Gujarat
7. Narora, Uttar Pradesh
Animal dung contains:
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Phosphorus
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Nitrogen
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Sulphur
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A and B
Explanation
Animal dung is usually used as a natural biofertilizer because it contains nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium and other nutrients.
Methane gas has highest........... among all hydrocarbons.
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Ignition temperature
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Ratio of hydrogen to carbon
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Calorific value
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Both Band C are correct
Explanation
Hydrogen has the highest calorific value of $$150 kJg^{-1}$$. Among the hydrocarbon, methane has the highest calorific value of $$55\ kJg^{-1}$$.
Gobar gas is a:
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solid fuel
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liquid fuel
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primary fuel
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secondary fuel
Explanation
Biogas is a type of secondary energy because biomass (primary energy) is used to produce biogas by anaerobic digestion into more efficient and higher value fuel.Biogas is also called gobargas as made by waste remains of plants and animals.
Varieties of coal differ in:
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moisture
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volatile matter
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their carbon content
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all of the above
Explanation
Coal is classified into four types: lignite, bituminous, anthracite and graphite. Each type is controlled by physical parameters such as moisture, volatile content, carbon content etc.
The energy generated and stored inside the Earth’s crust is __________.
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Geothermal energy
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Nuclear energy
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Tidal energy
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None of these
Explanation
The energy generated and stored inside the Earth’s crust is known as geothermal energy.
Due to geological changes, molten rocks formed in the deeper hot regions of the earth’s crust are pushed upward and trapped in certain regions called hot spots. When underground water comes in contact with the hot spot, steam is generated. Sometimes hot water from that region finds outlets at the surface. Such outlets are known as hot springs. The steam trapped in rocks is routed through a pipe to a turbine and used to generate electricity.
The energy possessed by the fast moving air or storm is called:
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hydro energy
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solar energy
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geothermal energy
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wind energy
Explanation
The energy possessed by the fast moving air or storm is called the wind energy. This energy is used in driving a wind mill.
What is a group of solar cells called?
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Solar cluster
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Solar panel
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Solar powerhouse
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Solar group
Explanation
Group of solar cells is called solar panel, all the cells in the panel are connected in a series combination. that produces high potential difference across the terminal.
Hence Option is D.
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