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CBSE Questions for Class 10 Physics Sources Of Energy Quiz 5 - MCQExams.com
CBSE
Class 10 Physics
Sources Of Energy
Quiz 5
Hot spots are source of _________ energy.
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Wind
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Geothermal
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Nuclear
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Hydroelectric
Explanation
Due to geological changes, molten rocks formed in the deeper hot regions of the earth’s crust are pushed upward and trapped in certain regions called hot spots. When underground water comes in contact with the hot spot, steam is generated. Sometimes hot water from that region finds outlets at the surface. Such outlets are known as hot springs. The steam trapped in rocks is routed through a pipe to a turbine and used to generate electricity.
From below which are the properties of good source of energy?
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It is economical
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It does a huge amount of work per unit mass
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It is easily accessible
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All of the above
Explanation
The properties of a good source of energy are:
$$i)$$ It does a large amount of work per unit volume or mass.
$$ii)$$ It is easily accessible. It is
easy to store and transport.
$$iv)$$ It is economical.
Fuel obtained from biomass are:
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Charcoal (from wood).
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Bio-gas from animal waste (cow-dung etc).
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Bio-diesel (from sugar cane and oilseed crops).
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All of above
Explanation
Biomass is a organic fuel.Charcoal is obtained from burning of the wood. Biogas is obtained from organic wastes such as animal excreta, agricultural waste etc, Bio-diesel can be obtained from oil seed crops such as Jatropa.
What are built near seashores to collect water which comes during high tide?
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Dams or reservoirs
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Solar panel
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Wind mill
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Water well
Explanation
Dams or reservoirs are usually build near the narrow opening of the seashores to harness the energy of the waves during high tide in generation of electricity.
The types of energies generated from sea are:
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Renewable and Non Conventional source of energy
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Non Renewable and Non Conventional source of energy
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Renewable and Conventional source of energy
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Non Renewable and Conventional source of energy
Explanation
Ocean thermal energy, wave energy and tidal energy are the energies generated from the sea. These forms non-conventional sources of energy. They are renewable in nature.
State whether the given statement is True or False :
Waste products emitted from nuclear power plants are very harmful.
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True
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False
Explanation
Waste products formed during nuclear reactions are highly radioactive in nature and cannot be disposed into the environment directly. Wastes needs to be processed before releasing it into the environment.
What is known as Ocean thermal energy?
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The Sun's heat warms the surface water a lot more than the deep ocean water which creates ocean's naturally available temperature gradient.
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The Moon's heat warms the surface water a lot more than the deep ocean water which creates ocean's naturally available temperature gradient.
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The Solar cell's heat warms the surface water a lot more than the deep ocean water which creates ocean's naturally available temperature gradient.
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None
Explanation
Ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) is a process or technology for producing energy by harnessing the temperature differences (thermal gradients) between ocean surface waters and deep ocean waters.
Energy from the sun heats the surface water of the ocean. In tropical regions, surface water can be much warmer than deep water. This temperature difference can be used to produce electricity from ocean water.
1 kg of ________ can light up $$1$$ bulb for $$3\times10^4$$ years.
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Uranium
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Halonium
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Neutronium
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Hydronium
Explanation
1 kg of coal can light the bulb for 8 hours whereas 1 kg of uranium can light the bulb for 3 x 10$$^4$$ years.
From below which are the disadvantages of nuclear energy?
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High set up cost
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low set up cost
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Waste products are useful
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None
Explanation
Energy generation from the nuclear energy is greater than from any non-conventional sources of energy. But it has some disadvantages too, such as:
1. Cost of nuclear power plant set up is very high.
2. Waste generated are hazardous to health and environment.
Generation of conventional energy produces air pollution.
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True
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False
Explanation
Conventional sources are largely fossil fuels. These fossil fuels cause air pollution because they emit toxic gases on burning. Thus, conventional sources of energy are capable of causing air pollution.
State whether the given statement is True or False :
Cow-dung, crop residue, garbage and sewage are decomposed in the absence of oxygen to produce bio-gas.
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True
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False
Explanation
Biogas is formed by anaerobic decomposition of the organic material such as sewage, plants and household waste, human and animal excreta etc.
Which of the following is not ultimately derived from the Sun's energy?
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geothermal energy
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wind energy
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nuclear energy
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bio-mass.
Explanation
All the sources of energy are directly or indirectly derived from the ultimate source of energy. i.e. Sun, except for the nuclear energy. Nuclear energy is derived from the molecules of the radioactive elements.
Waves are used to rotate ____________ to generate electricity. Fill in the gap.
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Rotor of dynamo
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Turbine of dam
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Wheel of wind mill
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Armature of motor
Explanation
Waves are made to fall from a height onto the rotor of a turbine or dynamo to make them rotate. This mechanical energy is then converted to electrical energy.
________ should be preferred over petrol as fuel for vehicles.
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CNG
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Coal
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Diesel
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None of these
Explanation
CNG (compressed natural gas) is the cleanest of all fossil fuels. It produces harmless gases as compared to petrol, coal, or diesel to the environment. Hence CNG is preferred over petrol coal and diesel. It is also not very costly as compared to petrol and diesel.
Radiations from a nuclear power plant is harmful to:
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environment
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human civilization
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wildlife
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all of the above
Explanation
Radiation from the radioactive elements pollutes not only the environment but also the civilization coming in contact with it. It causes radiation sickness which left untreated causes fatality.
State whether the given statement is True or False :
Nuclear power plants as compared to other plants can generate huge amount of electricity.
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True
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False
Explanation
With a complete combustion or fission, approx. $$8 \ kWh$$ of power can be generated from $$1\ kg$$ of coal, approx. $$12 \ kWh$$ power from $$1\ kg$$ of mineral oil and around $$24,000,000\ kWh$$ of power from $$1 \ kg$$ of Uranium-$$235$$.
Which of the following is not a measure of controlling air pollution?
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Afforestation.
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Waste treatment at industries.
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Using conventional sources of energy.
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Using cleaner sources of energy.
Explanation
It is very important to control air pollution to ensure sustainability of life on Earth. Some important measures that need to be taken for controlling air pollution include afforestation, waste treatment at industries, using cleaner sources of energy, reducing wastage of resources, etc.
Contribution of conventional sources of energy in pollution is not much significant.
Hence Option C is correct.
Which of the following is not an example of a bio gas source of energy?
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Wood
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Gobar
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Nuclear Energy
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Coal
Explanation
Nuclear energy is not an example of a biogas source of energy as it uses radioactive substances to produce energy.
One of the key factors involved in the choice of a source of energy is:
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pollution caused by it in the atmosphere.
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density of the energy source.
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ease of integration with the solar devices.
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all of the above.
Explanation
A source of energy is chosen based on many factors like availability, cost and ease of its usage.
The damage to the environment that the source will cause in the process of extracting energy from it is also an important factor in deciding or choosing the source of energy. The source should cause least pollution, release least harmful gasses and should not harm the environment.
A good source of energy would be the one which would do a _______ amount of work per unit volume of mass.
Any source of energy we use to do work is consumed & _______ used again.
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larger, can be
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smaller, can be
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larger, cannot be
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smaller, cannot be
Explanation
A good source of energy would be the one which would do a larger amount of work per unit volume of mass.
Any source of energy we use to do work is consumed & cannot be used again.
A good source of energy should have the following characteristics:
It should do a large amount of work per unit mass or volume - it means that the output energy must be more than the input energy. It should have high calorific value.
It should be easily accessible - the energy source should be able to provide energy over a long period of time. Example: coal and petroleum.
Should be easy to store and transport - most common sources of energy such as coal, petrol
and LPG need to be transported to users from their points of production. They also need proper storage. Thus it is important to store and transport these sources safely and economically.
Safe and convenient to use - energy sources should be safe as it is used by a large number of people and should be convenient.
'Anemometer' is an instrument used to measure
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Height
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Purity of milk
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Velocity of wind
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None of these
Explanation
Anemometer is a common weather station instrument, it is used to measure velocity of wind.
The energy of tides and currents in the ocean can be converted into electrical energy, such energy is known as:
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Mechanical energy
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Ocean energy
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Atomic energy
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None of these
Explanation
Tidal energy utilizes the power of tide to produce electricity, whereas wave energy systems use the waves formed in an ocean or sea. Oscillators are placed in the sea, and they oscillate when waves come in contact with them. This oscillatory motion is utilized to generate electricity.
Being obtained from oceans these are called Ocean Energy.
_________is a form of renewable energy.
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Coal
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Petroleum
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Wind
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None of these
Explanation
Energy that can be renewed or replenished over a period of time is called renewable energy. E.g. wind energy, solar energy etc.
Among oceanic trenches the deepest trench is
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Kurile trench
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Japan trench
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Mariana trench
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Tonga trench
Explanation
The Mariana Trench or Marianas Trench is located in the western Pacific Ocean about $$200\ km$$ east of the Mariana Islands; it is the deepest oceanic trench on Earth. It is crescent-shaped and measures about $$2,550\ km$$ in length and $$69\ km$$ in width.
Geothermal energy is produced in India from hot springs by a 5 KW geothermal power plant at
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Manikaran (HP)
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Puga (Ladhakh)
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Gulf of kutch
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Ankleshwar
Explanation
Geothermal energy is energy from the shallow ground hot water and hot rock found some miles or deeper to the extremely high temperatures of molten rock called magma. Geothermal activity in the Parbati Valley is due to the hot springs at Manikaran, a village situated on the banks of Parbati river in Himachal Pradesh. Thus the correct answer is option A.
Which of the following is/are advantages of a solar cell?
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Solar cells have no moving parts
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Requires little maintenance
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They can be set up in remote areas
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All the above
Explanation
Solar cells have no moving parts so there is less energy wasted in the forms of heat or sound or frictional forces. This helps in increasing its efficiency.
Since there is no moving part in solar cells there is no physical damage done to the equipment and once after setup cells are just kept under the sky and require minimum maintenance.
There is absolutely no other raw materials or high machinery system required, such as fuels, or turbine generators. All they need is just the Sun to provide solar energy, and hence they can be set up anywhere under the sky, in remote areas too.
Ocean thermal energy is due to:
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energy stored by waves in the ocean
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temperature difference at different levels in the ocean
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pressure difference at different levels in the ocean
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tides arising out in the ocean
Explanation
Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion
(
OTEC
) uses the temperature difference between cooler deep water and warmer shallow or surface ocean water to run a heat engine and produce useful work, usually in the form of electricity.
Choose the incorrect statement.
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We are encouraged to plant more trees so as to ensure clean environment and also provide bio-mass fuel.
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Gobar-gas is produced when crops, vegetable wastes etc, decompose in absence of oxygen.
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The main ingredient of bio-gas is ethane and it gives a lot of smoke and also produces a lot of residual ash.
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Biomass is a renewable source of energy.
Explanation
The energy derived from biogas is biomass energy. In case of burning fuel, such as firewood, it leads to respiratory diseases. But biogas, which is rich in methane, will reduce a lot of respiratory diseases, eye infections, asthma etc.
Hence, option C is wrong.
The power generated in a windmill:
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is more in rainy season since damp air would make more air mass hitting the blades
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depends on the height of the tower
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depends on wind speed
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can be increased by planting tall trees close to the tower
Explanation
The power generated in a windmill depends on the speed with which the windmill blades are rotating, which depends upon the wind speed.
Therefore, option C is correct.
Which one of the following forms of energy leads to least environmental pollution in the process of its harnessing and utilisation?
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Nuclear energy
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Thermal energy
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Solar energy
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Geothermal energy
Explanation
Solar energy leads to least environmental pollution in the process of its harnessing and utilisation because it doesn't emit harmful gases in the environment. while In harnessing of Nuclear energy, Therma energy and Geothermal energy Waste product, huge smoke and pollutant gasses produce that become cause of environmental pollution.
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