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CBSE Questions for Class 11 Medical Biology Anatomy Of Flowering Plants Quiz 7 - MCQExams.com
CBSE
Class 11 Medical Biology
Anatomy Of Flowering Plants
Quiz 7
Permanent tissues differ from meristematic tissue in
A. Inability to divide
B. Attainment of definite size and shape
C. Performing a distinct function
D. Ability to divide
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A and B
0%
A, C and D
0%
B, C and D
0%
A, B and C
Explanation
Meristematic tissues
: These tissues have the capacity to divide. They have a thin cellulose wall. They do not have intercellular spaces. They contain dense cytoplasm with a prominent nucleus. They contain many small vacuoles in their cytoplasm. They produce permanent tissues. They are responsible for the primary and secondary growth of the plants.
Permanent tissues
: These tissues have lost the capacity of division. They have a thick cellulose wall. They have large intercellular spaces. They contain a thin cytoplasm with a normal nucleus. They contain a single large vacuole in their cytoplasm. They are produced by meristematic tissues. These tissues add to the various growths.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.
Which of the following elements of xylem helps in lateral conduction of water?
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Xylem tracheids
0%
Xylem parenchyma
0%
Xylem vessels
0%
Xylem fibres
Explanation
Tracheids are elongated tube-like dead cells with oblique end walls. The walls are hard and lignified. Vessels are placed one upon the other and their end walls are either absent or possess perforations.
They help in conduction of water and minerals. Xylem parenchyma are living parenchymatous cells present in the xylem. They help in the lateral conduction of organic solutes and the storage of food reserves.
Xylem fibers are lignified fibers present in the xylem which provide mechanical strength to the plant body.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
The type of tissue found at the apex of root or stem is called
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Lateral meristem
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Apical meristem
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Intercalary meristem
0%
None of the above
Explanation
Those meristems that are found at the growing tip of a root or a stem are known as apical meristems.
Intercalary meristems
at the nodes of stem, allow for rapid stem elongation.
The
lateral meristems
are present on the
lateral
side of the stem and root of a plant.
Select the incorrect pair from the following.
A. Parenchymatous tissue have intercellular spaces.
B. Apical and intercalary meristems are permanent.
C. Aerenchymatous is specialized for photosynthesis.
D. Collenchymatous tissues are irregularly thickened at the corners.
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0%
A and C
0%
A and D
0%
B and C
0%
B and D
Explanation
Apical and intercalary meristems are not permanent as they give rise to primary tissue.
Aerenchyma definition is a tissue in certain aquatic plants, consisting of thin-walled cells and large intercellular spaces adapted for internal circulation of air.
Parenchymatous tissue have intercellular spaces. collenchymatous tissues are irregularly thickened at the corners.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C.
Which of the following helps in increasing the height of plant?
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Apical meristem
0%
Cambium
0%
Vascular bundle
0%
None of these
Explanation
Apical meristem is a meristem at the tip of a plant shoot or root that produces auxin and causes the shoot or root to increase in length. Growth that originates in the apical meristem is called primary growth.
Cambium is a layer of actively dividing cells between xylem (wood) and phloem (bast) tissues that is responsible for the secondary growth of stems and roots (secondary growth occurs after the first season and results in an increase in thickness).
The avascular bundle is a part of the transport system in vascular plants. The transport itself happens in vascular tissue, which exists in two forms: xylem and phloem.
Both these issues are present in a vascular bundle, which in addition will include supporting and protective tissues.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
Auxin inhibits the growth of_______________
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Apical buds
0%
Parthenocarpic development of fruits
0%
Lateral axillary buds
0%
Roots of cuttings
Explanation
Apical dominance is the phenomenon whereby the main, central stem of the plant is dominant over (i.e., grows more strongly than) other side stems; on a branch, the main stem of the branch is further dominant over its own side branchlets.
Auxin promotes promote stem elongation, inhibit the growth of lateral buds (maintains apical dominance). They are produced in the stem, buds, and root tips. Example: Indole Acetic Acid (IA). Auxin is a plant hormone produced in the stem tip that promotes cell elongation. Auxin moves to the darker side of the plant, causing the cells there to grow larger than corresponding cells on the lighter side of the plant. This produces a curving of the plant stem tip toward the light, a plant movement known as phototropism.
Auxin also plays a role in maintaining apical dominance. Most plants have lateral (sometimes called axillary) buds located at nodes (where leaves attach to the stem). Buds are embryonic meristems maintained in a dormant state. Auxin maintains this dormancy. As long as sufficient auxin is produced by the apical meristem, the lateral buds remain dormant. If the apex of the shoot is removed (by a browsing animal or a scientist), the auxin is no longer produced. This will cause the lateral buds to break their dormancy and begin to grow. In effect, the plant becomes bushier. When a gardener trims a hedge, they are applying apical dominance.
Cells which take part in secondary growth are named as _______
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Phloem
0%
Xylem
0%
Cambium
0%
Medullary ray
Explanation
In the stems and roots of vascular plants, a layer of cells lying between Xylem and phloem is called cambium. The cambium retain the ability to divide, producing secondary xylem and phloem.
If the cut end of a tree is put in eosin solution then,
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Leaves remain fresh but ascent of sap stops
0%
Phloem gets colored because of the ascent of sap
0%
Xylem elements get stained showing ascent of sap
0%
Ascent of sap stops
Explanation
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Xylem
is responsible for the
transport of water and minerals in plants.
It does so in an
upward direction
this is
known as
the ascent of sap.
Eosin
is a
red-colored
water-soluble red stain.
When the cut end of a tree is put in Eosin solution,
the red-colored solution shows the ascent of sap, eventually, turning the xylem elements, flowers, etc. to turn red.
Tracheary elements are involved in
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Mechanical strength
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Food trasnlocation
0%
Conduction of minerals
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Both A and C
Explanation
Tracheary elements include trachea and vessels. They are cells in the xylem that are highly specialized for transporting water and solutes such as minerals up the plant. Tracheary elements also provide mechanical support to plant.
The small aerating pores seen on cork layer of woody stem are
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0%
Guard cells
0%
Subsidiary cells
0%
Trichomes
0%
Lenticels
Explanation
The external phellem or cork is impermeable to conduction or exchange of gasses. It is not a continuous zone; a few gaps are seen in cork. In these gaps, a mass of parenchyma cells (complementary tissue) is located known as lenticels. These help in exchange of gasses, between the atmosphere and inner cortical cells.
Lenticels are characteristics of the woody stem.
So, the correct answer is option D.
Buds which grow into flowers are called as
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Apical buds
0%
Floral buds
0%
Axillary buds
0%
Vegetative buds
Explanation
Apical bud is the bud located at the top of the plant. Axil is the angle between the upper side of the stem and a leaf, branch, or petiole.
The axillary bud (or lateral bud) is an embryonic shoot located in the axil of a leaf.
Vegetative bud is a leaf bud or the bud that contains embryonic leaf. Flower bud is a bud that develops into a flower.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
Which of the following would you consider to prove that a plant is a monocot?
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Leaves with reticulate venation
0%
Taproot system
0%
Vascular bundles are closed
0%
Presence of cambium
Explanation
In the monocots, the vascular bundles are of the collateral and closed type. The closed vascular bundles lack the cambium and cannot show secondary growth. In the stem, vascular bundles are found scattered in the ground tissue. They are more in number at the periphery as compared to the centre. In the monocot roots, the vascular bundles are closed type an found in the stele.
The length of stem increases due to________
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Cambial activity
0%
Apical meristem
0%
Lateral meristem
0%
Cork cambium
Explanation
Apical meristem is a meristem at the tip of a plant shoot or root that produces auxin and causes the shoot or root to increase in length.
Growth that originates in the apical meristem is called primary growth. Due to cambial activity, lateral meristem and cork cambium, the width of a plant will increase.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
Which of the following plant tissues is not a simple permanent tissue ?
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Xylem
0%
Collenchyma
0%
Sclerenchyma
0%
Parenchyma
Explanation
Permanent tissues are composed of cells that have lost the power of division, having attained their definite form, size, and shape.
On the basis of constituent cells, permanent tissues can be classified into three categories: simple tissue, complex tissue, special tissues.
Simple tissues are homogeneous and composed of only one type of cell. On the basis of the structure of constituent cells, three types of simple tissues are parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma.
While Xylem is the example of complex tissues.
Hence, option A is the correct answer.
The point where the leaves grow on
branch is called
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Node
0%
Stem
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Bud
0%
Root nodule
Explanation
In a plant, the point on the stem where leaves develop is called a node. The region between two adjacent nodes is called the internode. Mostly one leaf emerges per node. However, the number of leaves at a node may vary depending on the species of plant.
Tissue is formed by a combination of
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Organs
0%
Organ systems
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Cell
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All of the above
Explanation
A tissue is a group of cells of common origin which are structurally similar and perform a particular function. Organ is a group of tissues and organ system is a group of organs.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C.
Conjoint, closed type of vascular bundles are characteristic of
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Monocot stem
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Dicot stem
0%
Monocot root
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Dicot root
Potato and sugarcane give rise to new plants through
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Eggs
0%
Seeds
0%
Stem
0%
Roots
Explanation
The portion of the stem that is underground, the modified stem which serves two functions such as storage of food and germination with help of axillary bud in suitable condition. These are called as tubers. In tubers, the stem is swollen and the nodal regions are called the eyes. Each eye has scaly leaves and axillary buds which develop into new plants when the tuber is planted e.g., potato. In sugar cane also, the nodes of stem give rise to the new plant. Thus, option C is correct.
Cells appear like pipeline arranged in continuous pattern below the cambium under microscope.
It could be _____ type cell.
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Xylem vessel
0%
Parenchyma
0%
Collenchyma
0%
Sclerenchyma
Explanation
The cell wall at both the ends degenerate when dies so it create hollow stacked cells arranged
end to end and on top of one another looking like a pipeline.
Lateral meristem is also called ______
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Xylem
0%
Phloem
0%
Vascular bundle
0%
Cambium
Explanation
Lateral meristem is present in between xylem and phloem (xylem and phloem together known as vascular bundle)
therefore, lateral meristem is also called cambium.
In beet _____ tissue stores food.
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Phloem
0%
Xylem.
0%
Parenchyma
0%
Aerenchyma
Explanation
Parenchyma is the basic packing tissue. In some plants like Beet, they are modified to store food.
Hence the correct option is A.
Most of the plant tissues are ______ cells.
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Dead
0%
Alive
0%
Minute
0%
Large
Explanation
Since dead cells can provide mechanical strength as easily as live ones and need less maintenance, most of the cells in plant tissues are dead.
Hence, the correct option is A.
Apical meristem is located near the _____ of roots and stems.
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Lower surface
0%
Intermediate
0%
Lateral
0%
Tip
Explanation
Apical meristematic cells are located at tip which the growing end of any part of plant.
Example stem, roots divide and redivide producing new cells thus increase in length of plant.
If a stem is girdled
Report Question
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Root dies first
0%
Shoot dies first
0%
Both die together
0%
None of the above would die
Explanation
Girdling or ring barking is the process, which involves the complete removal of a strip of bark that consists of cork cambium, phloem, cambium from the circumference of a branch or trunk of any woody plants. If the stem is girdled, it results in the death of the root of the plant as the leaves cannot transport sucrose to the roots and these can no longer produce ATP and transport nutrients.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
Cork cambium results in the formation of cork, which becomes impermeable to water due to the accumulation of
Report Question
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Resins
0%
Suberin
0%
Lignin
0%
Tannin
Explanation
Cork cambium produces cork cells, which form exterior to the cork cambium. In this, the cells are arranged in regular radial rows one above the other. As cork cells mature, they secrete suberin (a waxy substance) in their cell walls and which makes them impermeable then die. Cork cells function as a barrier to protect the stem from physical damage and from pathogens.
Ectophloic siphonostele is found in
Report Question
0%
Osmunda
and
Equisetum
0%
Marsilea
and
Botrychium
0%
Adiantum
and
Cucurbita
0%
Dicksonia
and
Maidenhair fern
Explanation
Siphonostele is a stele consisting of a core of pith surrounded by concentric layers of xylem and phloem.
Ectophloic siphonostele a monostele type of siphonostele in which a ring of xylem occurs around the pith, and a ring of phloem outside the xylem. For example,
Osmunda
and
Equisetum
'.
Hence Ectophloic siphonostele is found in
Osmunda
and
Equisetum.
So, the correct answer is
'Osmunda
and
Equisetum
'.
Which among the permanent tissues is impermeable to water?
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Parenchyma
0%
Collenchyma
0%
Both A and B
0%
Sclerenchyma
Explanation
The chief mechanical tissue of the plant body composed of thick-walled cell with little or no protoplasm is called sclerenchyma. Sclerenchyma consist of lignin. Lignin deposition is so thick that the cell walls become strong, rigid and impermeable to water.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.
What is the function of sclerenchymatous tissue?
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Flexibilty
0%
Tenderness
0%
Strength
0%
All of the above
Explanation
The chief mechanical tissue of the plant body composed of highly thick walled cell with little or no protoplasm is called sclerenchyma.
The main function of sclerenchymatous tissues is to give support to the plant. It also provides hardness and protective covering to seed and nuts.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C.
Xylems can classified as
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Xylem parenchyma and xylem fibres
0%
Tracheids, vessels, xylem parenchyma and xylem fibres
0%
Vessels and xylem fibres
0%
None of the above
Explanation
Xylem is one of the types of complex permanent tissue which form the conductive part in plant body. It conducts mineral salt and water from roots to upper region. Xylem is composed of four types of cells
tracheids, vessels, xylem parenchyma and xylem fibres.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
Name the essential element in xylem.
Report Question
0%
Tracheids
0%
Vessels
0%
Xylem parenchyma
0%
Both A and B
Explanation
Xylem is one of the types of complex permanent tissue which form the conductive part in plant body. It conducts mineral salt and water from roots to upper region.
The tracheids and the vessels are described as essential elements since, they are directly involved in the translocation of water and mineral substances.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.
The sclerenchyma cells are thick walled due to the presence of
Report Question
0%
Acetone
0%
Lignin
0%
Lipids
0%
None of the above
Explanation
The chief mechanical tissue of the plant body composed of highly thick walled cell with little or no protoplasm is called sclerenchyma. The thickening of cell wall is due to deposition of cellulose or lignin or both. Lignin deposited cells are said to be lignified.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
Plant stem cells have the ability to
Report Question
0%
Divide
0%
Differentiate
0%
Self renew
0%
All of the above
Explanation
Stem cells are pluripotent and they have the ability to divide and differentiate. The meristematic tissue has immense potential to divide. The newly formed cells undergo differentiation and get specialized to perform a specific function for example- vascular bundles. They have the capacity to self renew themselves whenever necessary.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.
The cells of sclerenchyma can be classified as:
Report Question
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Fibers and fibroids
0%
Ligaments and fibers
0%
Fibers and sclereids
0%
None of the above
Explanation
The chief mechanical tissue of the plant body composed of a highly thick-walled cell with little or no protoplasm is called sclerenchyma.
The cells of sclerenchymatous cells can be classified as:
1. Fibres- Fibres are long, elongated sclerenchymatous cells with pointed ends.
2. Sclereids- Sclerenchymatous cells which are short and possess extremely thick lignified walls.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C.
Which does not contain cytoplasm?
Report Question
0%
Liver cell
0%
Palisade tissue
0%
Red blood cell
0%
Xylem vessel
Explanation
In the stems of dicotyledonous plants, xylem vessels are found. These matured xylem vessels are dead and do not contain cytoplasm and cell organelles. The other cells namely the liver cell, the palisade cell and the RBC are all living cells and contains cytoplasm.
Interfasicular cambium is a
Report Question
0%
Primary meristematic tissue
0%
Primordial meristem
0%
Type of protoderm
0%
Secondary meristematic tissue
Explanation
Interfascicular cambium is considered to be the secondary meristematic tissue that involves in the formation of cambium ring. It becomes active and also activates the cells present in between the vascular bundles and they start dividing and combined form interfascicular cambium and joins the strips to form cambium ring in the stellar region.
So the correct option is "Secondary meristematic tissue".
Exarch and polyarch condition is found in
Report Question
0%
Monocot stem
0%
Dicot stem
0%
Monocot root
0%
Dicot root
Explanation
Vascular bundles in monocot root are radial in arrangement. There are eight bundles each of xylem and phloem. Hence, the condition is described as polyarch. Xylem is described as exarch
In monocot stem, xylem is described as endarch and presence of only two protoxylem and two metaxylem vessels in each bundle. So, it is not polyarch.
In dicot root, vascular bundles are described as radial and tetrarch. There are four bundles each of xylem and phloem occurring alternately. Xylem is described as exarch
Dicot stem vascular bundles are eight in number, arranged in form of a broken ring. The vascular bundles are conjoint, collateral and open. Xylem is on the inner surface and phloem on the outer surface. Xylem is described as endarch
So, the correct answer is '
Monocot root'
The bark of woody plant is dead but the inner layers inside the bark are living.
How do these inner layers get oxygen and release carbon dioxide?
Report Question
0%
Lenticels
0%
Stomata
0%
Pneumatophores
0%
Tendrils
Explanation
Lenticels are portions of the periderm(bark) withnumerous intercellular space. Its purpose is to allow gaseous exchange through the compactly
arranged cork cells of the bark.
Vascular bundles in root, stem, leaves are
Report Question
0%
Continuous
0%
Discontinous
0%
Both A and B
0%
None of these
Explanation
Vascular bundles in root,stem,leaf stalks and Leaf veins are all continuous and form an unbroken system of tubes.collectively, they form the transport system throughout the entire plant.
Which one of the following is not true about monocotyledons?
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Embryo has single cotyledon
0%
Leaves show parallel venation
0%
Flowers are generally trimerous
0%
Vascular bundle are conjoint, collateral and open
Explanation
Characteristic features of monocots include the following -
1. Embryo with single cotyledon.
2. Leaves oblong or linear often sheathed at the base.
3. Parallel venation, trimerous flowers
4. Presence of adventitious roots that are fibrous.
5. Vascular bundles numerous and scattered in ground parenchyma
6. Cortex and stele not differentiated.
Phloem is a type of ________
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0%
Connective tissue
0%
Vascular tissue
0%
Epidermal tissue
0%
All of the above
Explanation
Phloem Is a vascular tissue in land plants primarily responsible for the distribution of sugars and nutrients manufactured in the shoot.
Name the element which is a living cell.
Report Question
0%
Xylem fibres
0%
Xylem parenchyma
0%
Tracheids
0%
Vessels
Explanation
Xylem is one of the types of complex permanent tissue which form the conductive part in plant body. It conducts mineral salt and water from roots to upper region.
The tracheids, the vessel and the xylem fibers are non-living components, while xylem parenchyma represents the only living component of the tissue.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
Which of the following statements describes monocotyledons?
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0%
They have fibrous roots
0%
Their leaves have parallel venation
0%
Their seeds have only one cotyledon
0%
All of the above
Explanation
The monocotyledonous plants have the adventitious or the fibrous type of root system that do not grow much deeper but spread in the region widely to provide support the plant.
Parallel venation is where the secondary veins run parallel to each other and are connected laterally by the minute and straight veinlets. This type of venation is mostly seen in monocots.
They show the presence of a single cotyledon.
Thus the correct answer is option D.
Non-living cells that transports water in vascular plant is
Report Question
0%
Tracheids and vessel elements
0%
Guard cells
0%
Parenchyma cells
0%
Sieve tube members and companion cells
0%
Sclerenchyma cells
Explanation
The xylem is the complex permanent tissue which consists four components such as vessels, tracheids, parenchyma and fibres. Vessels and tracheid are the dead cells in xylem at maturity and are responsible for transportation of water from roots to other plant parts.
Sclerenchyma is a simple permanent tissue with thick secondary lignified cell walls. Which of the following cells have the secondary cell walls?
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0%
The cells containing cytoplasm only.
0%
The cells with protoplast.
0%
The cells which are living at maturity.
0%
The cells which are non living at maturity.
Explanation
A simple permanent tissue represents a group of permanent cells that are structurally and functionally similar i.e. a group of similar permanent cells that perform a common function.
Simple permanent tissues are of three types: Parenchyma, Collenchyma, and Sclerenchyma.
Sclerenchyma is a thick-walled, lignified permanent tissue which is characterized by the absence of living protoplast.
These dead cells have a secondary cell wall due to the high deposition of lignin.
Its principal function is to provide mechanical support.
Hence, the correct option is D.
The cellular organization between a single cell and an entire organism is controlled by:
Report Question
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Hormones
0%
Tissues
0%
Enzymes
0%
Proteins
Explanation
A cellular organization between a single cell and a complete organism is controlled by the tissue. They are the collection of similar cells, with specific function. A collection of tissue gives rise to an organ. Proteins, enzymes and hormones do not take part in cellular organization.
Hence, the correct option is 'B'.
Which of these cells are the storage sites for sugar and starches in stems and roots?
Report Question
0%
Tracheids and Vessel elements
0%
Guard cells
0%
Parenchyma cells
0%
Sieve tube members and Companion cells
0%
Sclerenchyma cells
Explanation
Tracheids and vessel elements are the nonliving cells that form continuous tubes and serve in the transport of water in vascular plants. Guard cells regulate opening and closing of stomata by intake of potassium ions and water. Parenchyma cells serve as the site for storage of sugar and starch in stem and roots. Sieve tube members and companion cells are the living component of phloem and serve in the transport of sugar. Sclerenchyma cells are dead cells that impart mechanical support to plant parts.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.
Cork Cambium of dicot stem originates from
Report Question
0%
Dedifferentiated parenchyma cells of cortex
0%
Dedifferentiated collenchyma cells of cortex
0%
Parenchyma cells of medullary ray
0%
Parenchyma cells of pericycle
Explanation
Cork cambium is a lateral meristem. It forms as a result of secondary growth.
It is mainly formed in the woody trees. It is a protective layer formed in the plant.
It is formed as a secondary meristem from a layer of collenchyma or parenchyma immediately beneath the epidermis. So, the correct answer is option A.
Identify the correct pair of statements from the following.
(I) Pericycle of dicot root parenchymatous but sclerenchymatous in mature monocot root.
(II) Pericycle cells of both dicot ancimonocot roots actively divide to produce lateral toots during secondary growth.
(III) All cells of endodermis are passage cells in dicot.
(IV) Xylem always produced in a centripetal manner in the roots of fruit bearing plants.
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0%
(III), (IV)
0%
(I), (II)
0%
(I), (IV)
0%
(II), (III)
Explanation
In dicots, the endodermis is developmentally the innermost portion of the cortex and prevents water, and any solutes dissolved in the water, from passing through this layer via the apoplast pathway. However, the passage cells are endodermal cells of older roots.
The pericycle is a cylinder of parenchyma or sclrenchyma cells which lie just inside the endodermis forming the outer most part of stele in all plants.
Xylem which transports water and nutrients from the roots to the shoot and leaves. In the xylem, the protoxylem and metaxylem vessels exhibit characteristic orientation with reference to the central axis and based on this its differentiated as centripetal and centrifugal. The centripetal arrangement is found in roots of fruit bearing plants where the younger metaxylem vessels are found towards the pith while the older protoxylem vessels are found away from the pith.
The study of tissue is known as:
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0%
Histology
0%
Cytology
0%
Dermatology
0%
Cardiology
Explanation
A tissue is the group of cells with a common origin and performs a specific function and its detailed study is called as histology.
Dermatology is the branch of medicine concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of skin disorders.
Cardiology is the branch of medicine that deals with diseases and abnormalities of the heart.
Cytology is the branches of biology and medicine concerned with the structure and function of plant and animal cells.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Collocytes which provide mechanical strength to the plants are present in
Report Question
0%
Dicotyledonous stem
0%
Monocotyledonous leaf
0%
Monocotyledonous stem
0%
Dicotyledonous root
Explanation
The living mechanical tissue is collenchymas. It is found in young stems, petioles, peduncles, pedicels, veins, veinlets and leaf margins. It is absent in root systems of all plants and stem and leaves of monocots. The cells present in collenchymas are called collocytes
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
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Practice Class 11 Medical Biology Quiz Questions and Answers
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