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CBSE Questions for Class 11 Medical Biology Structural Organisation In Animals Quiz 1 - MCQExams.com
CBSE
Class 11 Medical Biology
Structural Organisation In Animals
Quiz 1
Blood of
Pheretima
is
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Red
0%
Blue
0%
Colourless
0%
None of the above
Explanation
Blood in
Pheritima
is red due to haemoglobin as it is present in higher animals but it is dissolved in plasma and not confined to special corpuscles like erythrocytes. So, the correct answer is 'Red'.
Total number of bones in human is
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260
0%
206
0%
306
0%
132
Explanation
The endoskeleton in mammals is divided into two parts- axial and appendicular. The axial skeleton lies along the longitudinal axis of the body and includes skull, vertebral column, ribs and sternum.
Total number of bones in human is 206.
Muscles attached to the bones are
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Involuntary
0%
Voluntary
0%
Both A & B
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None of these
Body cavity of earthworm is
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Schizocoel
0%
Enterocoel
0%
Pseudocoel
0%
None of the above
Explanation
Coelom is the cavity inside mesoderm. Schizocoelom is the body cavity formed by the splitting of mesoderm. Annelids like earthworms have this type coelom. So, the correct answer is 'Schizocoel'.
The nature of chaetae of earthworm is
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Chitin
0%
Cellulose
0%
Protein
0%
Chitin and scleroprotein
Explanation
Chaetae in earthworm occur in small groups projecting from the skin in each segment and function in locomotion. They are made of chitin and scleroprotein. So, the correct answer is '
Chitin and scleroprotein'.
What type of muscles are found in stomach?
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Cylindrical, Syncytial, Unbranched and Voluntary
0%
Cylindrical, Striped, Nucleated and Voluntary
0%
Cylindrical, Striped, Branched and Involuntary
0%
Spindle shaped, Unbranched, Uninucleated and Involuntary
Explanation
The muscles which are found in the stomach are the smooth muscles. These are spindle-shaped cells which are single and unbranched. The cells contain a single nucleus at the center and tapers in both the directions. These are involuntary muscles and function on their own.
Thus, the correct answer is option D.
Smooth muscles are
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Involuntary, cylindrical, striated
0%
Voluntary, spindle-shaped, uninucleate
0%
Involuntary, fusiform, non-striated
0%
Voluntary, multinucleate, cylindrical
Explanation
Correct option: C
Explanation:
Smooth muscles are located in the walls of hollow internal organs and exhibit involuntary contraction.
Smooth muscle fibres are spindle-shaped cells, uninucleated and are arranged in parallel lines to form sheets.
The absence of light and dark bands make these muscles non-striated.
Select the correct sequence of organs in the alimentary canal of cockroach starting from mouth.
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Pharynx $$\rightarrow$$ Oesophagus $$\rightarrow$$ Crop $$\rightarrow$$ Gizzard $$\rightarrow$$ Ileum $$\rightarrow$$ Colon $$\rightarrow$$ Rectum
0%
Pharynx $$\rightarrow$$ Oesophagus $$\rightarrow$$ Gizzard $$\rightarrow$$ Crop $$\rightarrow$$ Ileum $$\rightarrow$$ Colon $$\rightarrow$$ Rectum
0%
Pharynx $$\rightarrow$$ Oesophagus $$\rightarrow$$ Gizzard $$\rightarrow$$ Ileum $$\rightarrow$$ Crop $$\rightarrow$$ Colon $$\rightarrow$$ Rectum
0%
Pharynx $$\rightarrow$$ Oesophagus $$\rightarrow$$ Ileum $$\rightarrow$$ Crop $$\rightarrow$$ Gizzard $$\rightarrow$$ Colon $$\rightarrow$$ Rectum
Explanation
The correct sequence of organs in the alimentary canal of cockroach starting from mount is:
Pharynx $$\rightarrow$$ Oesophagus $$\rightarrow$$ Crop $$\rightarrow$$ Gizzard $$\rightarrow$$ Ileum $$\rightarrow$$ Colon $$\rightarrow$$ Rectum.
So, the correct answer is '
Pharynx $$\rightarrow$$ Oesophagus $$\rightarrow$$ Crop $$\rightarrow$$ Gizzard $$\rightarrow$$ Ileum $$\rightarrow$$ Colon $$\rightarrow$$ Rectum
Select the correct match.
A
Smooth muscle
1
Present in the wall of the intestine
B
Areolar tissue
2
Stores fats
C
Bone
3
Tip of nose
D
Cuboidal epithelium
4
Present in skin
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A - 1
0%
B - 2
0%
C - 3
0%
D - 4
Explanation
Smooth muscle is a non-striated muscle that is mainly involved in involuntary actions. It is present in the walls of the small intestine.
Adipose tissue stores fats, not areolar tissue.
Cartilage is present at the tip of the nose.
Stratified squamous epithelium is present in the skin. Cuboidal epithelium forms the lining of ducts of salivary glands and lining of kidney tubules.
So, the correct answer is option A.
The terga, sterna and pleura of cockroach body are joined by
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Arthrodial membrane
0%
Cartilage
0%
Cementing glue
0%
Muscular tissue
Explanation
Cockroach belongs to phylum Arthropoda, and thus shows peculiar characteristics like presence of exoskeleton and the segmented body. Each segment is further divided into four plates such as dorsal tergum, ventral sternum, and two lateral pleurons. These terga, sterna, and pleura of cockroach body are joined by Arthrodial membrane. Hence option A is the correct answer.
Myelin sheath is produced by
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0%
Osteoclasts and Astrocytes
0%
Schwann Cells and Oligodendrocytes
0%
Astrocytes and Schwann Cells
0%
Oligodendrocytes and Osteoclasts
Explanation
Myelin sheath is also known as medullary sheath. It is an insulating layer which covers the axon and helps to maintain a constant membrane potential. It is produced by Schwann cell in the peripheral nervous system and from oligodendroglia cells.
So, the correct answer is option B.
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Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion.
0%
Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.
0%
Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
0%
Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
Explanation
The colorless blood or haemolymph of cockroach has a clear plasma and numerous white corpuscles called haemocytes. Being devoid of any respiratory pigment, it does not serve for gaseous exchange. Its plasma contains about 70% water. rest of it is composed of amino acids, uric acid, proteins, sugars, fats and salts of sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium. Transportation of these materials between different parts of body is the main function of haemolymph. In all terrestrial insects, like cockroach, every tissue of body is in direct contact with atmospheric air for gaseous exchange. A complicated system of numerous shiny, transparent and branched air tubes or tracheae if found for this purpose in the haemocoel cavity. Atmospheric air enters into and escapes out from this system through ten pairs of slit-like apertures called stigmata or spiracles, located on lateral sides of body.
Which of the following is a correct match?
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Frog - External ears
0%
Earthworm - Muscular gizzard, typhlosole
0%
Human - Fat globule, 10 pairs of cranial nerves
0%
Cockroach - Chilopoda
Explanation
Frogs do not have external ears. Instead, they have an eardrum of sorts, called a tympanum, which is just behind each eye. Typhlosole are internal folds of the intestine or intestinal inner wall. Typhlosole occurs in bivalve mollusks, lampreys and some annelids and echinoderms. The gizzard, also referred to as the ventriculus, gastric mill, and gigerium, is an organ found in the digestive tract of some animals, including birds, reptiles, earthworms and some fish. This specialized organ constructed of thick, muscular walls is used for grinding up food; often rocks are instrumental in this process. In certain insects and mollusks, the gizzard features chitinous plates or teeth. Humans have 12 pairs of cranial nerves. Cockroach belongs to class insecta of phylum arthropoda.
Microvilli of intestinal epithelium are similar in function with
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0%
Typhlosole in earthworm
0%
Hepatic caecum in cockroach
0%
Intestinal caecum in earthworm
0%
Malpighian tubules in cockroach.
Explanation
Microvilli increases absorptive surface area. Typhlosolar region in earthworm is the middle region of the intestine in which the mid-dorsal wall of the intestine is thrown into a longitudinal fold which is known as typhlosole. The typhlosole increases the absorptive surface of the intestine.
Which system transmits impulses between different parts of the body?
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0%
Musculoskeletal system
0%
Endocrine system
0%
Circulatory System
0%
Nervous system
0%
Reproductive system
Explanation
A complex network of nerve cells or neurons forms the nervous system. This system is responsible for transmitting electrical impulses throughout the body.
So, the correct answer is '
Nervous system'.
Excretory organs of Cockroach are
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0%
Flame cells
0%
Nephridia
0%
Green glands
0%
Malpighian tubules
Explanation
Excretion is performed by Malpighian tubules. Each tubule is lined by glandular and ciliated cells. They absorb nitrogenous waste products and convert them into uric acid which is excreted out through the hindgut. Therefore, this insect is called uricotelic. The fat body nephrocytes and urecose glands also help in excretion.
So the correct answer is 'Malpighian tubules'.
Nerve cell does not contain________________.
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Axon
0%
Nerve endings
0%
Tendons
0%
Dendrites
Explanation
Tendons are a type of connective tissue that join muscles to bones. Axon, dentrites and nerve endings are a part of nervous tissue.
Hence the correct option is C.
Haversian canals are found in ________.
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Muscle
0%
Nerve
0%
Cartilage
0%
Bone
Explanation
Correct answer ( D ) Bone
Haversian canals are a series of microscopic tubes in the outermost region of bone called cortical bone that allows blood vessels and nerves to travel through them.
They are absent in muscles,nerves and cartilage.
Which of the following is a correctly matched pair?
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White blood cell - No nucleus
0%
Smooth muscle cell - Multinucleated
0%
Smooth muscle - Voluntary action
0%
Cardiac muscle - Involuntary action
0%
Smooth muscle - Striations
Explanation
Cardiac muscle is the striated muscle found in the walls of heart. It is an important type of muscular tissue which works involuntarily and thus, called an involuntary muscle.
WBCs have nucleus.
Smooth muscle cells have a single nucleus and are involuntary. They are unstriated.
Hence the correct option is D.
Bone and cartilage are types of
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0%
Nervous tissues
0%
Muscle tissues
0%
Connective tissues
0%
Epithelial tissues
Explanation
Connective tissues are the tissues that connect the different parts of the body. Bone and cartilage are the specialized supporting connective tissues. They give shape and size to the external and internal structure of the body. Muscles, nerves and epithelium are separate types of tissues with distinct functions.
Hence the correct option is C.
Earthworm has no skeleton. During burrowing anterior end becomes turgid and acts as hydraulic skeleton. It is due to
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0%
Gut peristalsis
0%
Setae
0%
Coelomic fluid
0%
Blood.
Explanation
The earthworm has no skeleton but during burrowing, the anterior end becomes turgid and acts as a hydraulic skeleton. It is due to coelomic fluid. The coelom is filled with alkaline, milky coelomic fluid.
So, the correct answer is 'Coelomic fluid'.
Chloragogen cells are
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Respiratory only
0%
Circulatory only
0%
Polyfunctional
0%
Excretory only
Explanation
The chloragogen cells are also called as 'y-cells'. These cells in annelids are functionally similar to liver of vertebrates. These cells undertake many functions. They store glycogen and also neutralize toxins. They also take part in deamination of amino acids and synthesise urea.
So, the correct answer is 'Polyfunctional'.
A detrivorous animal of economic importance is
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Leech
0%
Earthworm
0%
Fowl
0%
Caterpillar larva
Explanation
Earthworms eat decaying plant and animal matter in the soil. They are classic examples of detritivores because they consume organic material from the soil. Leech feeds on blood. Fowls feed on seeds and insects and caterpillar larva on leaves. As earthworm is detritivorous, it is used in the preparation of compost.
So, the correct answer is 'Earthworm'.
In mouth parts of Cockroach, galea and lacinia form part of
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0%
Labrum
0%
Labium
0%
Mandible
0%
Maxilla
Explanation
The appendages of the 5th segment are a pair of maxillae which can also be called side lips. Each maxilla is made of a basal piece called cardo attached to stipes and palpiger, the last piece carries 3-4 segmented palp that carries chemoreceptors. At the apical end of the maxilla are attached galea and lacinia, the former functions like a cover and the latter is toothed and is used for chewing food.
So, the correct answer is 'Maxilla'.
Cockroach crushes food with the help of its
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0%
Labium
0%
First maxillae
0%
Mandibles
0%
Antennae
Explanation
Digestion begins first at the mouth where the parts like mandibles and maxillae help to chew the food. The mandibles cut off pieces of food and crush them before they are swallowed. The other mouthparts help select the food and manipulate it between the jaws.
So, the correct answer is 'Mandibles'.
Arolium of Cockroach helps in
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Digestion
0%
Respiration
0%
Locomotion
0%
Reproduction
Explanation
In Cockroach, The claws and the arolium help in locomotion on rough surfaces whereas planulae are useful on smooth surfaces.
So, the correct answer is 'Locomotion'.
Sugar present in blood plasma of Cockroach is _____________.
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0%
Sucrose
0%
Glucose
0%
Trehalose
0%
Lactose
Explanation
Answer is option C "Trehalose"
Trehalose is the sugar circulating in the blood or haemolymph of most insects. It is the major blood sugar in insects playing a crucial role as an instant source of energy and in dealing with abiotic stresses.
Which is absent in blood of Cockroach ?
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0%
Plasma
0%
Respiratory pigment
0%
Nurtients
0%
Blood cells
Explanation
The cockroach has an open vascular system consisting of sinuses filled with blood. The blood of cockroach is without haemoglobin or any other respiratory pigment. This type of blood devoid of any respiratory pigment is called haemolymph.
So, the correct answer is 'Respiratory pigment'.
Respiratory pigment present in Cockroach is
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0%
Malpadin
0%
Vanadium
0%
Haemocyanin
0%
None of the above
Explanation
The blood in cockroaches is called hemolymph. Hemolymph is colourless because there is no respiratory pigment. The cockroaches lack respiratory pigment.
So, the correct answer is 'None of the above'.
Characteristics of female cockroach
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Presence of anal style
0%
Each ovary is made up of '6' ovarioles
0%
One pair spermatheca present and opens in genital chamber
0%
Genital pouch is made up of $$9^{th}, 10^{th}$$ tergum and $$9^{th}$$ sternum
Explanation
The female reproductive system consists of two large ovaries, lying laterally in the $$2^{nd}$$– $$6^{th}$$ abdominal segments. Each ovary is formed of a group of eight ovarian tubules or ovarioles, containing a chain of developing ova. Oviducts of each ovary unite into a single median oviduct (also called
vagina) which opens into the genital chamber. A pair of spermatheca is
present in the $$6^{th}$$ segment which opens into the genital chamber.
Hence
One pair spermatheca present and opens in the genital chamber is
Characteristics of a female cockroach.
So, the correct answer is '
One pair spermatheca present and opens in the genital chamber'.
Movement of human body parts is due to_____.
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0%
Muscle cells
0%
Nerve cells
0%
Gland cells
0%
Skin cells
Explanation
Muscle cells
aid in the movement of body parts in humans.
These cells have the ability to contract and relax, which causes the movement of body parts.
Nerve cells send and receive signals from the brain.
Glandular cells secrete sweat, saliva, breast milk, digestive enzymes and hormones, among other substances.
Skin cell functions in protection, secretion, sensation, etc.
Thus, option A is correct.
How many heart does an earthworm possess?
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0%
6 pairs
0%
5 pairs
0%
2 pairs
0%
1 pair
Explanation
Earthworm does not have a true heart as it is an invertebrate, but they have five pairs of aortic arches that are referred to as the heart.
These arches are present in the anterior region of the body and they connect ventral and dorsal vessels and pump blood throughout the body.
Thus, the correct option is B.
Earthworm has
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0%
Simple eyes
0%
Compound eyes
0%
Apposition eyes
0%
No eyes
Explanation
An earthworm is a burrowing animal, as it lives in underground burrows not exposed to light, it does not have eyes.
They have touch-sensitive organs which are composed of photoreceptor cells.
They have moist skin which helps in the exchange of gases.
So, the correct answer is option C.
Which of the following is the excretory organs of earthworm?
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0%
Coelom
0%
Flame cells
0%
Nephridia
0%
Gizzard
Explanation
The earthworm is an invertebrate animal which belongs to the phylum Annelida.
They are made up of many segments. Each segment of earthworm contains two nephridia. Each nephridia open into the body cavity of an earthworm.
The nephridia is composed of two parts, namely, nephridiostome and nephridiopore.
In
earthworm, the urea, salts and water are excreted out through the nephridiopore of nephridia.
Thus, the correct option is option C.
Myology is the study of
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0%
Muscles
0%
Bones
0%
Cartilages
0%
None of the above
Explanation
"Myo" refers to "Muscles". Myology is the study of the muscular system, including the study of the structure, function, and diseases of muscle.
So, the correct answer is '
Muscles'
Clitellum of
Pheretima
is thick girdle that is
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0%
Nonglandular around 14
$$^{th}$$
-16
$$^{th}$$
segments
0%
Glandular around 14
$$^{th}$$
-16
$$^{th}$$
segments
0%
Glandular around 16
$$^{th}$$
-18
$$^{th}$$
segments
0%
Nonglandular around 16
$$^{th}$$
-18
$$^{th}$$
segnments
Explanation
Earthworm belongs to phylum Annelida which has segmented body. Clitellum of
Pheretima
is a thick Glandular region located in segments 14, 15 and 16.
The glands help in cocoon formation during the breeding season. So, the correct answer is option B.
Oxygen carrying blood pigment of earthworm is
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0%
Haemocyanin
0%
Haemoglobin
0%
Haemoerythrin
0%
Chlorocruorin
Explanation
Oxygen-carrying
blood pigment of an
earthworm
is haemoglobin which is dissolved in blood plasma.
They have a closed circulatory system and thus, circulates blood through vessels. There are three main vessels that supply the blood to organs within the earthworm.
Earthworms do not have lungs. They breathe through their skin. Oxygen and carbon dioxide pass through the earthworm's skin by diffusion. So, the correct answer is option B.
Enteronephric nephridia of earthworm are concerned with
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0%
Excretion
0%
Respiration
0%
Digestion
0%
Osmoregulation
Explanation
The integumentary nephridia open directly to the exterior and so they are called as the exonephric nephridia. As the septal and pharyngeal nephridia discharge their waste products into the alimentary canal, they are called as the enteronephric nephridia. So, the correct answer is option A.
In earthworm, ovary is situated in ............ segment.
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0%
13$$^{th}$$
0%
9$$^{th}$$
0%
10$$^{th}$$
0%
26$$^{th}$$
Explanation
A pair of small white ovaries lie in the 13th segment on either side of the ventral nerve cord of the earthworm.
Each ovary is whitish made of finger-like lobules in which ova are arranged in various stages of development.
An oviductal funnel lies immediately behind each ovary in the 13th segment and it leads into a short oviduct.
Both the oviducts converge and form a single female genital aperture at the 14th segment.
So, the correct answer is option A.
In earthworm, the effective organ for food digestion is
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0%
Pharynx
0%
Intestine
0%
Stomach
0%
Both B and C
Explanation
Earthworm belongs to phylum Annelida which has a tubular body plan.
It has a pear-shaped muscular pharynx that extends up to the fourth segment.
The pharyngeal mass or bulb produces mucus and proteolytic enzymes, that are lodged into the salivary chamber before use and the ventral conducting chamber of the pharynx serves as the passage for the ingested food.
The pharynx acts as a pump in feeding.
When the mouth is pressed against the bits or humus or mud, then the pharynx undergoes a series of contractions resulting in the food sucking into the buccal chamber and then pumping the same backward into the esophagus.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Blood vessel in
Pheretima
having valves is
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0%
Dorsal
0%
Ventral
0%
Lateral
0%
Integumentary
Explanation
Earthworm belongs to phylum Annelida which has tubular body plan.
Dorsal blood vessel, as the name suggests is situated on the dorsal side. It is the largest, thickest, muscular and contractile in nature. It has valves, which are present in the front of the septum in each segment. The valves prevent the backflow of the blood. It extends throughout the body. The anterior part of the dorsal vessel, up to the 13$$^{th}$$ segment, functions as the distributing vessel. It supplies blood to the ventral vessel through 4 pairs of hearts. At the anterior end, the dorsal vessel divides into three branches supplying blood to the pharynx and buccal chamber
So, the correct answer is '
Dorsal'
In earthworm, the dorsal wall of the intestine from the $$26^{th}$$ segment to $$95^{th}$$ segment forms a media internal fold known as
Report Question
0%
Trochophore
0%
Typhlosole
0%
Clitellum
0%
Trachea
0%
Nephridium
Explanation
In earthworm, the dorsal wall of the intestine from the
26$$^{th}$$
segment to
95$$^{th}$$
segment forms a media internal fold called Typhlosole. It increases absorptive surface in intestine and aids in absorption.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Multinucleate cells are seen in
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0%
Cardiac muscles
0%
Smooth muscles
0%
Skeletal muscles
0%
A and C
Explanation
Skeletal muscles are striated muscles that are voluntary in nature. They have multinucleated muscle cells and are attached to the skeleton. Cardiac muscles of the heart are involuntary muscles and they also are multinucleate.
So, the correct answer is D.
Which of the following nephridia is not found in earthworm?
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0%
Septal nephridia
0%
Macro nephridia
0%
Integumentary nephridia
0%
Pharyngeal nephridia
Explanation
Nephridia are the organs which mainly helps in excretion and osmoregulation. The septal nephridia in earthworm are arranged in two rows of 40-50, attached on either side of the septa in each segment, behind the 15th segment. The septal nephridia are responsible for preventing loss of water. The integumentary nephridia are the smallest of the three types and are most numerous, 200-250 in each segment. The pharyngeal nephridia occur as paired tufts surrounding the alimentary canal in the 4th, 5th and 6th segments.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Pharyngeal nephridia of
Pheretima
occur in which of the following segments?
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0%
3, 4 and 5
0%
4, 5 and 6
0%
5, 6 and 7
0%
6, 7 and 8
Explanation
The pharyngeal nephridia occur as paired tufts surrounding the alimentary canal in the 4$$^{th}$$, 5$$^{th}$$ and 6$$^{th}$$ segments. A large number of nephridia are grouped together to form each tuft. The terminal ducts of all the nephridia unite to form a common excretory duct. So, the correct answer is option B.
Which of the following organism lacks open circulatory system?
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0%
House fly
0%
Cockroach
0%
Silver Fish
0%
Earthworm
Explanation
Housefly, cockroach, and silverfish are all Arthropod animals. Arthropods have an open blood circulatory system where the blood is pumped into haemocoel which is a body cavity. The tissues are in direct contact with the blood.
An earthworm is an Annelida. Annelids have closed circulatory system where the blood is circulated in closed blood vessels.
So, the correct answer is option D.
Locomotion occurs is earthworm with the help of
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0%
Setae
0%
Setae and circular muscles
0%
Parapodia
0%
Setae, circular muscles and longitudinal muscles
Explanation
Annelids are characterized by the segmented body and each segment has a repetition of organs. They are bilaterally symmetrical and belongs to phylum Annelida.
These animals possess longitudinal and circular muscles which help in locomotion. In addition, earthworm also possesses "S" shaped chitinous spicules (setae)which aid in locomotion.
So, the correct answer is option D.
Pheretima
and its close relatives derive nourishment from
Report Question
0%
Sugarcane roots
0%
Decaying fallen leaves and soil organic matter
0%
Soil insects
0%
Small pieces of fresh fallen leaves of maize
Explanation
Pheretima feeds on decaying matter in soil and makes soil porous by swallowing it and excreting soil as small pellets. This activity of earthworm aerates the soil and makes the organic matter decay faster. The intestine specifically helps in the digestion of complex substances into simple ones. Intestine secretes pepsin to digest proteins, amylase to digest polysaccharides, cellulase to digest cellulose, and lipase to digest fats. So, the correct answer is option B.
Nephridia found in
Pheretima
are
Report Question
0%
Protonephridia
0%
Solenocytes
0%
Micronephridia
0%
Meganephridia
Explanation
Nephridia in
Pheretima
are of the micronephridic type. Micronephridia is smaller in size, sometimes microscopic and are numerous in each segment. They are networks of fine tubes lying on the body wall and septa in each segment.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C.
In
Pheretima,
coelomic fluid contains
Report Question
0%
Dissolved haemoglobin
0%
Dissoved RBC
0%
Broken WBC
0%
Water and plasma
Explanation
The coelomic compartments are filled with coelomic fluid,
which is milky in colour and
consists of plasma and four types of nucleated
corpuscles, namely, phagocytes, nucleated cells, mucocytes and chloragogen cells. There is no haemoglobin. So, the correct answer is option D.
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