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CBSE Questions for Class 11 Medical Biology Body Fluids And Circulation Quiz 10 - MCQExams.com
CBSE
Class 11 Medical Biology
Body Fluids And Circulation
Quiz 10
Mark the correct statement.
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Blood has WBC while lymph has RBC.
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Blood has both RBC and WBC while lymph has neither.
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Blood has RBC while lymph has both RBC and WBC.
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Blood has RBC and WBC while lymph has only WBC.
Explanation
Correct Answer:
(D) Blood has RBC and WBC while lymph has only WBC.
Explanation:
Blood
is a connective tissue that acts as a medium of transport of various substances that are needed for maintaining our body's metabolism.
The components of blood include
RBCs, WBCs, Platelets, and Plasma
.
The lymph is a typical small bean-shaped organ that is connected by the lymphatic vessels and acts as the
drainage points
across the whole lymphatic system.
Lymph
is a
colorless fluid
as it consists of
WBCs.
Hence,
Blood
consists of
RBCs
and
WBCs
both while the lymph has the
WBCs
is the correct answer.
Murmur occurs due to defect in
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Heart valves
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SA node
0%
AV node
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Purkinje fibres.
Explanation
Heart murmurs are the sounds produced in the heart that are indicative of defects in heart valves. These sounds can be heard using the stethoscope. The type of murmur produced could be indicative of the type of defect inside or outside the heart.
So, the correct answer is 'Heart valves'.
Deoxygenated blood from wall of heart is carried by
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Coronary sinus
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Inferior vena cava
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Superior vena cava
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Pulmonary artery
Explanation
A. Coronary sinus collects deoxygenated blood from the veins that collect impure blood from the wall of heart, and carries it to right atrium.
B. Inferior vena cava carries deoxygenated blood from the lower and middle body parts to the right atrium of heart.
C.
Superior vena cava carries deoxygenated blood from the upper body parts to the right atrium of heart.
D. Pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the right atrium to the lungs.
So, the correct answer is 'Coronary sinus'.
Artificial pacemaker is implanted subcutaneously for correcting ______________.
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90% blockage of coronary arteries
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High blood pressure
0%
Arteriosclerosis
0%
Irregularity of heart rhythm
Explanation
The job of a artificial
pacemaker
is to
artificially
take over the role of heart's sinus node if it isn't working properly. Electrical impulses are sent by the artificial
pacemaker
to stimulate the heart to contract and regulate the rhythm of the heartbeat.
So, the correct option is D.
Systemic circulation of oxygenated blood starts from
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Right atrium
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Left atrium
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Left ventricle
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Right ventricle
Explanation
Systemic circulation is the flow of blood from the left ventricle of heart to all parts of body and return of blood to the right atrium of heart. The oxygenated blood leaves the left ventricle through aorta and deoxygenated blood returns to the right atrium through superior and inferior vena cava. The purpose of systemic circulation is to transport oxygen and nutrients to body tissues and remove carbon dioxide and other wastes. Hence, systemic circulation of oxygenated blood starts from left ventricle.
So, the correct answer is 'Left ventricle'.
Which one represents pulmonary circulation?
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Left auricle (oxygenated blood) $$\rightarrow$$ lungs (deoxygenated blood) $$\rightarrow$$ Right auricle
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Left auricle (deoxygenated blood) $$\rightarrow$$ lungs (oxygenated blood) $$\rightarrow$$ Right auricle
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Left auricle (oxygenated blood) $$\rightarrow$$ lungs (deoxygenated blood) $$\rightarrow$$ Left auricle
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Right auricle (deoxygenated blood) $$\rightarrow$$ lungs (oxygenated blood) $$\rightarrow$$ Left auricle
Explanation
$$\textbf{Correct option:}$$ $$\textbf{(D)}$$
$$\textbf{Solution:}$$
$$\bullet$$ The flow of deoxygenated blood to the lungs and the return of oxygenated blood to the heart is known as pulmonary circulation.
$$\bullet$$
The vena cava transports deoxygenated blood from various bodily parts to the right auricle.
$$\bullet$$
From the right auricle, blood is pumped to the right ventricle.
$$\bullet$$
The pulmonary artery transports deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs.
$$\bullet$$
In the lungs, blood is combined with oxygen and delivered to the left auricle of the heart by the pulmonary vein.
$$\textbf{Thus the Correct option is (D).}$$
Lymph consists of
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RBCs, WBCs and plasma
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RBCs, proteins and platelets
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All components of blood except RBCs and some proteins
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WBCs and serum.
Explanation
C. All components of blood except RBCs and some proteins
Reason: Lymph is the colourless fluid part of blood. The composition of tissue fluid and lymph is same as that of blood plasma but the tissue fluid and lymph has lower protein contents and it does not contain RBCs. Lymph also contains very small amount of nutrients and oxygen but contains abundant carbon dioxide and other metabolic wastes.
$$Rh^-$$ mother carries $$Rh^+$$ foetus. The foetus is at risk of disease called
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Haemophilia
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Haemolytic disease
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Tuberculosis
0%
Syphilis.
Open vascular system occurs in
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Fish
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Cockroach
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Snake
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Earthworm
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Man.
Explanation
In the open vascular system, blood pumped by the heart passes through large vessels into open spaces or body cavities called sinuses.
This type of system is present in arthropods and molluscs.
Cockroach is an insect that belongs to the phylum Arthropoda.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Platelets are given in case of
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Anaemia
0%
Polycythemia
0%
Thrombocytopenia
0%
Leukemia.
During fever pyrogens are released by
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0%
Virus
0%
Bacteria
0%
RBC
0%
WBC
Explanation
Pyrogen is a substance that causes fever. Pyrogens can be cytokines that are released from monocytes (WBC).
So, the correct answer is D.
Increase in count of RBC is
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Polycythemia
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Leucocytopenia
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Anaemia
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Leucopenia.
Explanation
A. Polycythemia
Reason: An increase in the number of red blood cells or Erythrocytes in the body is known as polycythemia.
Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency is associated with haemolysis of
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Leucocytes
0%
Lymphocytes
0%
Platelets
0%
RBCs.
Which one is hypothetical coagulating factor?
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Accelerin
0%
Christmas factor
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Lakilovand factor
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Stuart factor.
Which is not detected in ECG?
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Arrhythmia
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Myocardial infarction
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Heart block
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Valvular defects.
Abnormal fall in total count of WBCs in the human blood is called:
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Anaemia
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Polycythemia
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Leucopenia
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Leukaemia
Explanation
Leucopenia is the decrease in WBCs (white blood cells) in the blood.
This increases the chances of infection in body. WBCs are involved in the immunity of body and destroy foreign pathogens and particles.
However, the number of WBCs may also decrease due to acute infection and this leads to weak immunity.
Leucopenia have further subtypes depending upon which type of leucocytes are decreasing.
There are five types of leucocytes in our body, basophils, eosinophils, neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes.
If there is decrease in count of neutrophils, the condition is known as neutropenia. Most often, leucopenia occurs due to fall in neutrophils cells.
So, the correct answer is 'Leucopenia'.
Increase in blood pressure is
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Arteriosclerosis
0%
Atherosclerosis
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Hypertension
0%
None of the above
Explanation
Hypertension is a condition in which blood pressure increases above systolic pressure (140 mm Hg) and diastolic pressure (90 mm Hg). This condition is also known as high blood pressure. It occurs due to emotional stress and nervous tension that leads to contraction of arteries. It is one of the major causes of heart failure and stroke. Due to hypertension, the arteries of kidneys may get damaged and this causes chronic nephritis.
So, the correct answer is 'Hypertension'.
Which one has an open circulatory system?
Sea squirt
Cockroach
Earthworm
Prawn
Silverfish
Snail
Squid
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2, 4, 6
0%
1, 2, 4, 6
0%
3, 4, 5, 7
0%
2, 4, 5, 6
0%
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7
Explanation
Ascidia
(sea squirt) is a genus of tunicates that belongs to the subphylum Urochordata within phylum Chordata. All the chordates have a closed circulatory system (blood flows inside blood vessels).
All members of the arthropods have an open circulatory system. Cockroach, Prawn, Silverfish belongs to this phylum.
The snail (molluscan) has an open circulatory system with a two-chambered heart.
Squid belongs to the Echinodermata that has a closed circulatory system.
Hence, the correct answer is option D.
Polycythemia is characterised by
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Decrease in $$O_2$$ content
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Increase in RBC content
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Decrease in RBC content
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Increase in WBC content.
Cell fragments of megakaryotes yield
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Erythrocytes
0%
Granulocytes
0%
Agranularcytes
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Blood platelets/thrombocytes.
Explanation
D. Blood platelets/thrombocytes
EXPLANATION: Cell fragments of megakaryotes yield blood platelets or thrombocytes. Platelets are small, clear and irregularly shaped. They are involved in the blood clotting process, which is necessary for the wound healing.
Which blood transfusion is correct?
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A $$\rightarrow$$ B
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B $$\rightarrow$$ A
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AB $$\rightarrow$$ A
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O $$\rightarrow$$ B.
Explanation
O blood group is known as universal donor as this type of blood group don't have any antigen but they possess antibody A and antibody B. They can give blood to
person of
any blood group.
So, the correct answer is D.
Rh factor occurs in
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All vertebrates
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All reptiles
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All mammals
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Man and Rhesus monkey only.
Which of the following is true about leucocytes?
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They undergo diapedesis or squeeze through capillary walls
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Sudden fall in number indicates cancer
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Produced in thymus
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Enucleate
Explanation
A. Leucocytes or White blood cells (WBCs) can squeeze out through capillary walls into the tissue and reach the site of injury. This process is known as diapedesis.
B. Sudden fall in number of leucocytes is called leucopenia and this increases the chances of infection. Cancer is caused when the number of leucocytes is increased abnormally and this condition is called leukemia (the cancer of white blood cells).
C. Leucocytes are produced in bone marrow. B cells which are a type of lymphocytes (agranular leucocytes) are also produced in spleen and lymph nodes.
D. Leucocytes contain a nucleus and hence they are nucleated.
Hence, statement A is true.
So, the correct answer is '
They undergo diapedesis or squeeze through capillary walls'.
Which one is correct about ECG?
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P-wave - Depolarisation of atria
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QRS complex - Repolarisation of ventricles
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T-wave - Start of systole
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T-wave - End of diastole
Explanation
ECG consists of three components: P-wave, a QRS complex, and a T-wave.
The P-wave represents the beginning of the atrial contraction (atrial depolarisation).
The QRS complex represents ventricular contraction (ventricular depolarisation) and the T wave represents ventricular relaxation (ventricular repolarisation).
The end of the T wave marks the end of the systole.
Hence, the correct answer is option A, i.e., P wave - depolarisation of atria.
Interstitial fluid resembles
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Fresh water
0%
Ground water
0%
Sea water
0%
None of the above.
Hypertension is not caused by
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Anaemia
0%
Atheroclerosis
0%
Obesity
0%
Arteriosclerosis.
Explanation
A. Anaemia
EXPLANATION: Anemia is not the cause of hypertension, but due to the high blood pressure kidney can be damaged and that can bring on anemia. So anemia is a effect of hypertension. A good diet and regular exercise can help to cure this disease.
ECG is employed for study of
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Lung ailments
0%
Brain defects
0%
Heart problems
0%
Kidney defects.
Explanation
ECG stands for electro cardio diagram which is used to check heart's rhythm. It's also detect faults in the functioning of the heart..
So the correct answer will be option C.
In extrinsic clotting pathway, active factor VII activates factors
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X and XI
0%
IX and X
0%
IX and XI
0%
XI and XII.
Find the correct explanations about blood not clotting inside the vessels
Speedy flow prevents accumulation of fibrin threads if formed
Absence of anticoagulant heparin having antithrombin activity
Smoothness of endothelial lining preventing rupturing of platelets and formation of thromboplastin
Presence of a layer of negetively charged protein over the inner surface of endothelium that attracts clotting factors.
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1, 2, 3 correct
0%
1, 2 correct
0%
2, 4 correct
0%
1, 3 correct.
The part of the cardiovascular system that transports oxygen-depleted blood from the heart to the lungs brings oxygenated blood back to the heart is:
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Pulmonary circulation
0%
Coronary circulation
0%
Systemic circulation
0%
Single circulatory system.
Explanation
The correct answer is option A.
The cardiovascular system is composed of two circulatory paths: pulmonary circulation, the circuit through the lungs where blood is oxygenated; and systemic circulation, the circuit through the rest of the body to provide oxygenated blood. The two circuits are linked to each other through the heart, creating a continuous cycle of blood through the body.
Pulmonary circulation: The part of blood circulation which carries oxygen-depleted blood away from the heart, to the lungs, and returns oxygenated blood back to the heart.
Systemic circulation: The part of blood circulation that carries oxygenated blood away from the heart, to the body, and returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart.
Which one takes part in blood clotting
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RBC
0%
WBC
0%
Thrombocytes
0%
Lymphocytes.
Explanation
C. Thrombocytes
EXPLANATION: Thrombocytes are small pieces of very large cells called megakaryocytes, which are present in the bone marrow. They help to form blood clots to stop bleeding and to help wounds heal. Having too many or too few thrombocytes may be indicative of diseases.
Blood corpuscles containing both A and B antigens are mixed with another blood serum. The blood corpuscles agglutinated. Blood serum belongs to blood group
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0%
A
0%
B
0%
AB
0%
O.
Explanation
C. AB
EXPLANATION: If agglutination occurred with only Anti-A test serum, then the blood group is A. If agglutination occurred only with Anti-B test serum, then the blood group is B and if agglutination occurred with both the test serums, then blood group is AB. In blood group O, there is no agglutination.
In which of the following situations, there is risk of erythroblastosis foetalis
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Mother $$Rh^+$$, father $$Rh^+$$
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Mother $$Rh^-$$, father $$Rh^-$$
0%
Mother $$Rh^-$$, father $$Rh^+$$
0%
Mother $$Rh^+$$, father $$Rh^-$$.
Explanation
C. Mother Rh-, father Rh+
EXPLANATION: Erythroblastosis fetalis is associated with Rh and ABO blood group. This disease may develop when a woman with Rh-negative blood is impregnated by a man with Rh-positive blood and then they conceive Rh-positive fetus. The Rh-positive foetus in the second pregnancy may trigger antibody reaction in the mother, whose antibodies attack and destroy the Rh+ erythrocytes of the foetus.
Circulatory system is absent in
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0%
Annelids
0%
Arthropods
0%
Flatworms
0%
Cephalopods.
Explanation
C. Flatworms
EXPLANATION: Circulatory system is absent in some animals, like flatworms. The body cavity of flatworms has no enclosed fluid. In flatworm a muscular pharynx leads to a branched digestive system that facilitates direct diffusion of nutrients to all cells.
What is correct regarding blood pressure?
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105/50 mm Hg makes one very active
0%
100/55 mm Hg is considered at ideal blood pressure
0%
190/110 mm Hg may harm vital organs like brain and kidneys
0%
130/90 mm Hg is considered as high and requires treatment
Explanation
Blood pressure 190/110 mm Hg indicates high blood pressure or hypertension. Normal systolic and diastolic blood pressure in body is 140 mm Hg and 90 mm Hg respectively. Pressure above 140 mm Hg and 90 mm Hg is high blood pressure which can cause damage to vital organs like brain and kidney. High blood pressure can cause damage to blood vessels in brain and kidney. This can lead to rupture of blood vessels and cause brain haemorrhage. In kidneys, high blood pressure can lead to inadequate supply of blood to kidney and thus, resulting in decreased filtration.
So, the correct answer is '
190/110 mm Hg may harm vital organs like brain and kidneys'.
Valve surrounding opening of coronary sinus is
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0%
Thebesius valve
0%
Eustachian valve
0%
Mitral valve
0%
Semilunar valve.
Which of the following is an agranulocyte?
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Basophil
0%
Eosinophil
0%
Lymphocyte
0%
Neutrophil
Explanation
White blood cells or leukocytes can be granular or agranular depending upon the presence or absence of granules in their cytoplasm.
Granulocytes are granular leukocytes and are of three types:
Eosinophils: These cells play important role in immunity and allergic reactions.
Basophils: These cells secrete histamine, serotonin and heparin.
Neutrophils: These cells perform phagocytosis.
Agranulocytes are non-granular leukocytes and are of two types:
Lymphocytes: These cells produce antibodies.
Monocytes: These cells are phagocytic.
So, the correct answer is 'Lymphocyte'.
Identify the correct sequence of blood coagulation (a) Activation of prothrombin (b) Formation of prothrombin activator (c) Formation of blood clot (d) Conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin
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b - d - a - c
0%
b - a - d - c
0%
a - d - c - b
0%
a - b - c - d
Explanation
Blood coagulation occurs in the following sequence:
Whenever there is rupture of blood vessels or damage is caused to blood, a complex of substances called prothrombin activator complex is formed.
The activators convert prothrombin into thrombin.
Thrombin acts as an enzyme and converts fibrinogen into fibrin threads.
Fibrin threads accumulate and clump to form blood clot at the wound site.
So, the correct answer is 'b- a- d- c'.
Most of body cells are surrounded by
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Water
0%
Interstitial fluid
0%
Blood
0%
Mineral solution equivalent to sea water.
Explanation
All the fluids outside the cells are called the extracellular fluid, which is mainly present as interstitial fluid and plasma. This fluid surrounds each cell.
So the correct answer will be option B.
In a healthy human, the most common type of blood cells are
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Basophils
0%
Monocytes
0%
Erythrocytes
0%
Neutrophils.
Explanation
RBC or red blood cells are most abundant blood cells in a healthy individual. In cases of a disease, WBC count increases to help the body fight against pathogens/allergens.
So the correct answer is option C.
Choose the correct statement among the following.
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Atrioventricular node is the pacemaker that generates action potential and initiates the atrial systole
0%
During each cardiac cycle the lub sound is due to closure of semilunar valves
0%
Stroke volume in each cardiac cycle is approximately 170 ml of blood.
0%
QRS complex in an ECG indicates depolarisation of ventricles
0%
The opening between right atrium and right ventricle is guarded by bicuspid valve.
Explanation
A. Pacemaker of heart is Sinoatrial node located in right atrium. It generates impulses which lead to contraction of atria.
B. Lubb is the first sound of heart beat and produced due to closure of atrioventricular valves.
C. Stroke volume is the amount of blood delivered to heart by the veins. In each cardiac cycle stroke volume is about 70ml of blood.
D. QRS complex in an ECG represents depolarisation of ventricles which initiates contraction of ventricles.
E. The opening between right atrium and right ventricle is guarded by tricuspid valve.
Hence, statement D is correct.
So, the correct answer is '
QRS complex in an ECG indicates depolarisation of ventricles'.
Which is not an important function of vertebrate circulatory system
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Transport of nutrients and respiratory gases
0%
Regulation of body temperature
0%
Protection of body by circulating antibodies
0%
Removal of waste products for excretion from the body.
What are phagocytic cells from the given diagram?
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0%
I and V
0%
I and III
0%
I and IV
0%
I and II
Explanation
The given diagram shows different types of white blood cells or leucocytes.
I represents monocyte.
II represents lymphocyte.
III represents eosinophil.
IV represents basophil
V represents neutrophil.
Out of these cells, phagocytic cells are monocytes and neutrophils i.e. I and V.
Monocytes are agranulocytes which are actively motile and phagocytic cells. Neutrophils are granulocytes which perform phagocytosis and destroy harmful bacteria entering the body.
So, the correct answer is 'I and V'.
Which does not play any role in blood clotting according to Best and Taylor
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0%
Fibrinogen
0%
Platelets
0%
Calcium
0%
Prothrombin.
Explanation
According to the theory of Best and Taylor's, four components are involved in blood clotting. These are prothrombin, thromboplastin, fibrinogen and calcium ions. And platelets does not take any part in blood clotting.
So the correct answer will be option B.
Choose the correct option about a - d.
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0%
a - eosinophil, b - lymphocyte, c - neutrophil, d - monocyte
0%
a - erythrocyte, b - basophil, c - neutrophil, d -lymphocyte
0%
a - eosinophil, b - monocyte, c - neutrophil, d - lymphocyte
0%
a - eosinophil, b - erythrocyte, c - neutrophil, d- basophil
Explanation
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
In the diagram,
a- depicts
eosinophils
, which are
granulocytes
with a bilobed nucleus.
b -denotes
monocytes
, which are agranulocytes with a kidney-shaped nucleus.
c- denotes
neutrophils
, which are granulocytes with a 2-5 lobed nucleus.
d -denotes
lymphocytes
, which are agranulocytes with a big concentrated nucleus.
Hence, the correct option about a-d is as follows, 'a - eosinophil, b - monocyte, c - neutrophil, d - lymphocyte'.
Identify the correct statement regarding cardiac activity.
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Normal activities of the human heart is regulated intrinsically, hence it is neurogenic.
0%
A special neural centre in the medulla oblongata can moderate the cardiac function through CNS.
0%
Parasympathetic neural signals increase the rate of heart beat.
0%
Adrenal medullary hormones can increase cardiac output.
0%
The end of the T-wave marks the end of diastole.
Explanation
A. Normal activities of human heart are regulated intrinsically and hence it is myogenic which means that impulses for contraction are originated in the muscles itself.
B. A special neural centre in the medulla oblongata called cardiovascular centre, can moderate the cardiac functions through ANS (Autonomous nervous system).
C. Sympathetic neural signals increase the rate of heart beat due to secretion of adrenaline from adrenal medulla which activates sympathetic nervous system.
D. Adrenal medulla secrete adrenaline and nor adrenaline hormones which can increase cardiac output because they increase heart beat and strength of heart contraction.
E. The end of T wave marks the end of systole. T wave in ECG represents ventricular repolarisation.
Hence, statement D is correct.
So, the correct answer is '
Adrenal medullary hormones can increase cardiac output'.
In terms of descending order of percentage proportions of leucocytes in human blood, which one is correct?
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0%
Neutrophils $$\to$$ lymphocytes
$$\to$$
monocytes
$$\to$$
acidophils
$$\to$$
basophils
0%
Neutrophils
$$\to$$
basophils
$$\to$$
lymphocytes
$$\to$$
acidophils monocytes
0%
Neutrophils
$$\to$$
monocytes
$$\to$$
lymphocytes
$$\to$$
acidophils
$$\to$$
basophils
0%
Neutrophils
$$\to$$
acidophils
$$\to$$
basophils
$$\to$$
lymphocytes
$$\to$$
monocytes
Explanation
Cells
Percentage proportion of
total leucocyte count
$$Cells/mm^3$$ of blood
Neutrophils
60-70%
4000-5000 cells/$$mm^3$$
Lymphocytes
20-40%
1500-2500 cells/$$mm^3$$
Monocytes
2-7%
200-700 cells/$$mm^3$$
Acidophils
1-5%
70-300 cells/$$mm^3$$
Basophils
0.5-2.7%
35-150 cells/$$mm^3$$
Thus, the correct answer is (A).
Name the blood cells whose reduction in number can cause clotting disorder, leading to excessive loss of blood from the body
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0%
Thrombocytes
0%
Erythrocytes
0%
Leucocytes
0%
Neutrophils.
If the foetus is Rh (+) ve and the mother is Rh (-) ve, then
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0%
Foetus will transmit blood toxin to mother
0%
Foetus will transmit antibody to mother's blood
0%
Foetus is attacked by antibodies of mother's blood
0%
Foetus is attacked by antigen of mother's blood
Explanation
If mother is Rh- and the foetus Rh+ then antigens of foetus are attacked by antibodies of mother's blood as to the mother foetus's antigens acts as an invading foreign particles. It causes the destruction of RBCs of the foetus.
So, the correct answer is C.
Mature erythrocytes cannot utilize glucose because they lack.
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0%
Golgi complex
0%
Enzymes
0%
Mitochondria
0%
Nucleus
Explanation
Mature erythrocytes cannot utilize glucose because they lack mitochondria. Due to lack of mitochondria, they cannot utilize oxygen they transport. They also do not contain DNA.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.
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