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CBSE Questions for Class 11 Medical Biology Breathing And Exchange Of Gases Quiz 12 - MCQExams.com
CBSE
Class 11 Medical Biology
Breathing And Exchange Of Gases
Quiz 12
Select the correct statement about oxygen transport in blood.
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During normal activity, a molecule of haemoglobin returning to the lungs carries one molecule of oxygen
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During acidosis, haemoglobin is able to carry oxygen more efficiency
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Increased BPG levels in the red blood cell enhance oxygen carrying capacity of blood
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Foetal haemoglobin has higher affinity for oxygen in comparison to maternal haemoglobin
Explanation
Hemoglobin is a respiratory pigment present in the blood of the vertebrates. It is located on the RBC of the blood and is used for transportation of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
It is globular protein made up of 2 parts the heme or the iron group and the globin protein.
The heme group is a nonpeptide prosthetic group which consist of a protoporphyrin ring and Fe+2 ion which forms on either side of the heme group.
Globin has a quaternary structure. It has 4 polypeptide chains alpha and beta held together by non-covalent bonds. Each chain contains a heme group located in the crevice near the exterior of the molecule.
So, the correct option is 'During normal activity, a molecule of haemoglobin returning to the lungs carriers one molecule of oxygen'
Which letter represent bronchus in the figure given below?
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L
0%
M
0%
N
0%
O
0%
None of these
Explanation
The bronchus is the passage of airway in the respiratory system that conducts air into the lungs. the first bronchi to branch from the trachea are the right main bronchi and left main bronchi.
So, the correct option is 'L'.
Which of the following is bronchodilator?
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Mescaline
0%
Phenacetin
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Ephedrine
0%
Quinine
Explanation
As the name suggests, bronchodilator is a substance that increases the airflow towards the lungs by dilating the bronchi and bronchioles. Ephedrine is an example of bronchodilator.
Which letter represents bronchus in the figure given below?
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0%
L
0%
M
0%
N
0%
O
Pneumoconiosis is a type of?
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0%
Emphysema
0%
Occupational renal disease
0%
Occupational respiratory disease
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Coronary artery disease
Explanation
Emphysema is a lung condition that causes shortness of breath. In people with emphysema, the air sacs in the lungs are damaged. Over time, the inner walls of air sacs weaken and rupture creating larger air spaces instead of smaller ones.
So, the correct option is 'Emphysema'.
The width of the chest during inspiration :
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Decreases
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Does not change
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Increases
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None of these
Schneiderian membrane is found in?
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Loop of Henle
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Trachea
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Bowman's capsule
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Nasal mucosa
Explanation
In anatomy, the Schneiderian membrane is the membranous lining of the maxillary sinus cavity. The part is exposed after surgical removal of a membranous layer of the mucosal cavity.
So, the correct answer is option D.
The oxygen-binding curve for myoglobin is steep and shifted to the left of the same curve for hemoglobin. This indicates that ________________________.
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people with myoglobin are acclimated for life at high altitudes
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myoglobin occurs in high concentration in the human foetus
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myoglobin does not function well at high percent saturation of oxygen
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myoglobin picks up and releases $$O_2$$ at lower partial pressure values than does haemoglobin.
The alveoli contain specialized cells that secrete a phospholipoprotein complex known as pulmonary surfactant. The function of pulmonary surfactant is ________________________.
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to provide some rigidity to the alveoli to prevent lung collapse
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to decrease the surface tension of the alveoli, making it easier to expand them
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to facilitate the diffusion of $$O_2$$ and $$CO_2$$ by providing protein channels through which these gases flow
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to provide a sticky surface upon which dust and microbes are trapped and disposed of
Explanation
Alveoli is the region in the lungs where exchange of gases takes place.According to histology of alveolar wall ,it contain 2types of cell
I.e. 1-Type-1 cell
2.Type -2 cell which secret DPPP(DIPAMITOYL PHOSPHATIDOYL CHOLINE OR LECITHINE) which acts as a surfactant and help in preventing collapsing of lungs.
Which respiratory associated muscles would be contracted if you blow up a balloon?
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Diaphragm contracts and internal intercostal muscles would relax
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External intercostal muscle contract and phrenic muscles would contract
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Internal intercostal and abdominal muscle would contract
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Internal intercostal muscles are external intercostal muscles would contract
Explanation
Intercostal and abdominal muscle would contract if we blow up a balloon. When this occurs, you are interrupting the natural rhythm of breathing. The inhalation process is blowing up a balloon. As you this movement is facilitated by the contraction of the external intercostal muscles.
So the correct answer is' Internal intercostal and abdominal muscle would contract'.
How much percentage of oxygen is expired?
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$$7\%$$
0%
$$25\%$$
0%
$$15\%$$
0%
$$20\%$$
Explanation
In exhalation, a mixture of gases similar to the air inhaled is given off: 78% nitrogen, 15% oxygen, 0.09% argon, and 4% carbon dioxide.
Hence, the correct answer is '15%'
Column I represent disease and column II represents their symptoms Choose the correctly paired option
Column I
Column II
(P) Asthma
(i) Recurring of bronchitis
(Q) Emphysema
(ii) Accumulation of W.B.CS in alveolus
(R) Pneumonia
(iii) Allergy
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P=ii, Q=ii, R=i
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P=iii, Q=i, R=ii
0%
P=ii, Q=iii, R=i
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P=ii, Q=i, R=iii
Explanation
B. P-iii , Q-i , R-ii
Solution : asthma is an allergic disease caused due to the hypersensitive reaction from our immune system when the allergen travels into the bronchioles of the lungs. Emphysema is caused due to the damage of alveoli as a result of recurring of bronchitis . Pneumonia is caused when the alveoli gets filled with pus or WBCs and dead cells.
So the correct answer is "
P-iii , Q-i , R-ii".
When there is no air in initial bronchioles, they do not collapse. It is due to the presence of _________________.
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Lecithin
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Complete cartilaginous rings
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Incomplete cartilaginous rings
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Transformed elastic cartilage
Explanation
This is due to the presence of transformed elastic cartilage which gives support to the initial bronchioles and prevents it from collapsing. The incomplete cartilaginous rings that are present in the trachea and bronchi are absent in the bronchioles. They are supported by the transformed elastic cartilage.
So, the correct option is 'transformed elastic cartilage
'.
The amount of oxygen transported by a litre of oxygenated blood to tissues of a person undergoing severe exercise will be _______________.
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$$150ml$$
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$$200ml$$
0%
$$15ml$$
0%
$$ 5 ml$$
Explanation
Under strenuous conditions, muscle cells consume oxygen at a faster rate. The amount of oxygen transported will be 150 ml as per the rate of 15 mL O$$_2$$ per 100mL of blood.
So, the correct option is '150mL'.
Which of the following oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve corresponds to blood during resting i.e, normal condition (curve 'x) and blood during exercise (curve 'y')?
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0%
0%
0%
0%
Explanation
During exercise, more respiration occurs and hence more oxygen, oxygen dissociation curve shifts to right. At given oxygen partial pressure, hemoglobin is less saturated with oxygen. Hemoglobin has less affinity for oxygen.
The standard curve is shifted to the right by an increase in temperature, 2,3-DPG, or PCO2, or a decrease in pH. The curve is shifted to the left by the opposite of these conditions. A rightward shift, by definition, causes a decrease in the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen.
The exchange of gases in the alveoli of the lungs takes placed by?
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Passive transport
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Active transport
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Osmosis
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Simple diffusion
Fill the following table related to partial pressure (in mm of Hg) of respiratory gases in different parts:
Respiratory gases
Alveoli
Blood (oxygenated )
Tissues
$$O_2$$
-
-
$$40$$
$$CO_2$$
$$40$$
$$40$$
-
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$$104,95,45$$
0%
$$40,45,95$$
0%
$$95,104,45$$
0%
$$95,40,45$$
Dead space is present in
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respiratory tract
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nasal chambers only
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alveolar space
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pleural cavity
The resting tidal volume to vital capacity ratio should be :
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$$1:5$$
0%
$$1:9$$
0%
$$1:20$$
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$$1:40$$
Nasal chamber is divided in two parts by?
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Sphenoid bone
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Palatine bone
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Mesethemoid cartilage
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Zygomatic bone
Explanation
The nasal vestibule opens into the nasal cavity. The nasal cavity is divided into left and right sides by a wall of the bone called sphenoid bone. Air moves through these passages during breathing.
So, option A is the correct option.
Adam's apple is another name for
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Sound box in birds
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Sound box in man
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Epiglottis
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Thyroid cartilage
Explanation
The Adam’s apple, also known as the laryngeal prominence, is made of cartilage. This is a connective tissue present throughout the body. Cartilage is strong, but softer and more flexible than bone, and it makes up several other areas of the neck. The Adam’s apple develops during puberty. It grows around the front of the larynx, just above the thyroid. It is usually more prominent in males.
So, the correct option is D.
In case of emphysema, _________.
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The bronchioles are found damaged
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The alveolar walls are found damaged
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The plasms membrane is found damaged
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The respiratory muscles are found damaged
Which of the following is an occupational respiratory disorder?
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Anthracis
0%
Silicosis
0%
Botulism
0%
Emphysema
Explanation
An occupational respiratory disorder is the lung diseases that include dust of the environment. These are work-related conditions that had been caused by materials a person is exposed to within a workplace.
So, the correct option is 'Silicosis'
A person remaining a high altitudes for years becomes more and more acclimatized to the low $$pO_2$$ by the following except.
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Increased pulmonary ventilation
0%
Increased in RBCs and haemoglobin concentration
0%
Polycythaemia
0%
Increased cardiac output permanently
Inspiratory Reserve Volume(IRV) is ________.
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$$500$$ml
0%
$$2500-3000$$ml
0%
$$1100$$ml
0%
$$4500-5000$$ml
Explanation
B. 2500-3000 ml
Reason: Respiratory volume is the volume of air which our lung can hold or release under certain different condition. There are four standard lung volumes. Those are Tidal Volume (TV), Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV), Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV) and Residual Volume (RV). Among them, inspiratory reserve volume is the extra amount of air a healthy person can inspire forcefully. This volume can be 2500-3000 ml in average. So the correct option is B.
Observe the picture and choose the correctly labeled parts:
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A: Pulmonary circulation; C: Pulmonary vein
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B: Pulmonary circulation; D: Pulmonary artery
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D: Pulmonary artery; C: Aorta
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C: Pulmonary vein; B: Pulmonary circulation
Explanation
The pulmonary circulation is the portion of the circulatory system which carries deoxygenated blood away from the right ventricle, to the lungs, and returns oxygenated blood to the left atrium and ventricle of the heart.
The pulmonary veins are the veins that transfers oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.
So, option A is the correct option.
$$1$$ litre of oxygenated blood can deliver how much amount of $$O_2$$ to the tissue under normal conditions?
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0%
$$4$$ ml
0%
$$50$$ ml
0%
$$20$$ ml
0%
$$159$$ ml
Explanation
Every 100 ml of oxygenated blood can deliver around 5 ml of $$O_2$$ to tissues under normal physiological conditions.
1 litre = 1000ml
So, 100 ml = 5ml
1000ml = 50ml
So, the correct answer is B.
The given figure illustrates the changes in lung volume during the process of breathing. The change from II to III indicates the?
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Movement of diaphragm away from the lungs
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Expansion of the thoracic cavity
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Movement of air out of the lungs
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Expansion of ribs
Explanation
During inspiration, diaphragm contracts and this movement pulls the lungs downward thereby increasing their volume. During resting breathing, this movement continues until achieving the tidal volume. Consequently, relaxation of the diaphragm initiates expiration.
So, option A is the correct option.
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A-Bronchus, B-Bronchioles, C-Larynx, D-Trachea
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A-Bronchiole, B-Bronchus, C-Larynx, D-Trachea
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A-Larynx, B-Trachea, C-Bronchus, D-Bronchiole
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A-Trachea, B-Bronchus, C-Bronchiole, D-Larynx
Explanation
The lungs begin at the bottom of our trachea(the windpipe). The trachea is the tube that carries the air in and out of the lungs. Each lung has a tube called bronchus that connects to trachea. The bronchi branch off into smaller bronchi and even smaller tubes called bronchioles.
Larynx commonly called "voice box' is an organ in the top of the neck involved in breathing, producing sound and protecting trachea against food aspiration.
So, option D is the correct option.
Trachea is supported by?
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Bone
0%
Cartilage
0%
Cardiac muscles
0%
None of these
Explanation
B. Cartilage
Reason: The trachea is a cartilaginous tube which connects the larynx to the bronchi of the lungs and allows the passage of air. It is also known as windpipe and so is present in almost all air-breathing animals with lungs. The trachea extends from the larynx and branches into the two primary bronchi. It is wider in males than females. It begins at the bottom of the larynx, and ends at the carina, the point where the trachea branches into left and right main bronchi. The trachea is surrounded by 16 - 20 rings of hyaline cartilage. These 'rings' are 4mm high in the adult, incomplete and C-shaped. Ligaments connect the rings. The trachealis muscle connects the ends of the incomplete rings and runs along the back wall of the trachea. So, the correct option is B.
Which of the following is an occupational lungs disease?
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0%
Silicosis
0%
Asbestosis
0%
Minamata
0%
Both A and B
Haemoglobin (Hb) transport oxygen from lungs to tissues. The partial pressure of oxygen in lungs is different from that in tissue. Each Hb can bind up to four oxygen molecules. Suppose we have an equal number of Hb and oxygen molecules and all the oxygen molecules are in bound form. Then, Which of the following is TRUE ?
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Almost all the Hb molecules have one bound oxygen molecule
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Nearly half to all the Hb molecules are each bound to two oxygen molecules
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Nearly one-fourth of all the Hb molecules are bound to four oxygen molecules each
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Most of the Hb molecules have one bound oxygen molecule each the rest either have no bound oxygen or have two or more bound oxygen molecules
Explanation
Option (C)
According to data:
$$1$$ Hb find to $$4$$ oxygen light So suppose we have $$4$$ oxygen
$$4$$ Hb so $$1$$ out of $$4$$ Hb will bind to $$4$$ oxygen, $$3$$ Hb
lelt unbounded.
Thus; Nearly one-fourth of all the Hb molecules are bound to $$4$$ oxygen molecules each.
Which of the following structures is NOT supported by incomplete cartilaginous rings?
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Trachea
0%
Secondary bronchi
0%
Terminal bronchioles
0%
Primary bronchi
Explanation
The upper respiratory tract in the respiratory system starts with the trachea and is followed by bronchus, primary, secondary, and tertiary or segmental bronchi, and terminal bronchioles which further divide into respiratory bronchioles.
Till terminal bronchiole, there is no gaseous exchange. The
terminal bronchiole
is without cartilaginous rings.
So, the correct option is C.
Volume of thoracic chamber increases in the anteroposterior and dorsoventral axis in the human by?
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0%
Contraction of diaphragm and external intercostal muscles
0%
Relaxation of diaphragm and external intercostal muscles
0%
Relaxation of diaphragm and abdominal muscles
0%
None of these
Explanation
Volume of thoracic chamber increases in anteroposterior and dorso-ventral axis in human by contraction of diaphragm and external intercostal muscles.
Which of the following is not an accessory muscle of respiration?
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Abdominal muscles
0%
Serratus anterior
0%
Sterno Cleidomastoid
0%
Diaphragm
The area of inner surface of bronchiole is
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0%
$$1m^2$$
0%
$$10m^2$$
0%
$$100m^2$$
0%
$$1000m^2$$
Explanation
The bronchioles are the smaller branches of the bronchial airways in the respiratory tract. The area of inner surface of bronchiole is $$10m^{2}$$.
So, option B is the correct option.
Which one of the following is the correct statement for respiration in human?
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Cigarette smoking may lead of inflammation of bronchi
0%
Neural signals from pneumotaxic centre in pons region of brain can increase the duration of inspiration
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Workers in grinding and stone -breaking industries may suffer, from lungs fibrosis
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About $$90\%$$ of $$CO_2$$ is carried by haemoglobin as carbamino haemoglobin
The total volume of air accommodated in the lungs at the end of maximum forceful inspiration includes:-
(A) $$ERV+RV$$
(B) $$TRV+ERV$$
(C) $$TV+IRV+ERV+RV$$
(D) $$VC+RV$$
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A only
0%
A & B
0%
C Only
0%
C and D
Explanation
Expiatory Reserve Volume (ERV) is the volume of air that can be exhaled forcibly after exhalation of normal tidal volume. Residual volume (RV) is the volume of air remaining in the lungs after maximal exhalation. So, the total volume of air accommodated in the lungs at the end of maximum forceful inspiration includes ERV + RV.
Which of the following is correct for oxygen transport?
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Nearly $$20-25$$ percent of $$CO_2$$ is transported by $$RBCs$$
0%
$$3$$ percent of $$O_2$$ is carried in a dissolved state through the plasma
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Maximum $$CO_2$$ transport in form of $$NaHCO_3$$
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All of these
In which disease, due to narrowing of tracheal passages, alveoli are deprived of oxygen?
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0%
Asthma
0%
Bronchitis
0%
Pneumonia
0%
Emphysema
Explanation
Asthma is a lung disorder in which the respiratory airways are narrowed due to inflammation and swelling. This causes the alveoli to become deprived of oxygen.
The following graph shows changes in the volume of air in the lungs of an athlete after a race.
At point P?
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Air is entering the lungs
0%
Air is leaving the lungs
0%
No gaseous exchange is taking place in the lungs
0%
The muscles of the diaphragm are relaxed
The following graph shows changes in the volume of air in the lungs of an athlete after a race.
How many breath per minute is the athlete taking?
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0%
$$4$$
0%
$$5$$
0%
$$30$$
0%
$$60$$
Diffusion boundary of alveoli is formed by:
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0%
Simple cuboidal epithelium
0%
Simple squamous epithelium
0%
Elastic cartilage
0%
Transitional epithelium
Explanation
B. Simple squamous epithelium
Reason: The respiratory or gas-exchange region of the lung is composed of millions of alveoli, that are lined by an extremely thin, simple squamous epithelium which allows for the easy diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide. In addition, cuboidal, surfactant-secreting cells, Type II pneumocytes, are also found lining the walls of alveoli. The surfactant has a vital role in lowering the surface tension of water to allow for the effective gas exchange. So the correct option is B.
$$O_2$$ dissociation curve is plotted between $$pO_2$$ and _____.
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0%
$$\%$$ Hb saturation
0%
$$pCO_2$$
0%
$$Hb$$ concentration
0%
$$RBC / mm^3$$ of blood
Who is telling a lie?
Lungs: I play an important role in excretion.
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0%
True
0%
False
Explanation
Lungs helps in breathing process. Kidneys play an important role in excretion.
Thus, the given statement is False.
During the process of exhalation, the ribs move
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0%
Down and inwards.
0%
Up and inwards.
0%
Down and outwards.
0%
Up and outward.
Explanation
The procedure of "removing air from the lungs" which is rich in carbon dioxide is termed as exhalation. To remove the air from the lungs move downwards and inwards.
Thus,
the correct answer is option (a).
Which organ helps the man to breathe?
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Nose
0%
Mouth
0%
Ears
0%
Eyes
Carbon dioxide is removed from blood in which part of the respiratory system?
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0%
Pharynx
0%
Larynx
0%
Trachea
0%
Alveoli
Explanation
Carbon dioxide is transported to the lungs through blood. The capillary walls and the walls of the alveoli are single layered to allow diffusion of gases. Thus, Carbon dioxide is removed from the blood into alveoli of the respiratory system to be exhaled out.
So, the correct answer is '
Alveoli'
Which of the following is made up of cartilaginous rings?
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0%
Nasal chamber
0%
Pharynx
0%
Larynx
0%
Trachea
Explanation
Trachea, also known as the wind pipe, is a muscular tube through which air reaches the lungs. The nine 'C' shaped cartilaginous rings prevents it from collapsing.
So, the correct answer is '
Trachea'
What is the main function of epiglottis?
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0%
To send food in pharynx
0%
Prevent food from going into windpipe
0%
To send food into oesophagus
0%
None of the above
Explanation
Epiglottis is a cartilaginous flap like structure covering the glottis or the opening of the wind pipe and prevents food from entering into the wind pipe.
So, the correct answer is '
Prevent food from going into windpipe'
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