CBSE Questions for Class 11 Medical Biology Excretory Products And Their Elimination Quiz 10 - MCQExams.com

Protein-free fluid is filtered from blood plasma into the Bowmans capsule.
  • True
  • False
Ammonia is combined with carbon dioxide to form urea in kidney.
  • True
  • False
Henles loop plays an important role in concentrating the urine.
  • True
  • False
State whether the following statements are true or false .
A self-regulated system is said to be in a state of homeostasis
  • True
  • False
Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given .
Homeostasis is
  • tendency to maintain constant, favourable internal conditions
  • combination of growth, repair and energy release that is basic to life
  • a form of reproduction involving only one sex
  • the sum of all the chemical reactions in the body
Which of the following options shows the correct measurements of an adult human kidney ? 
  • $$10-12$$ cm $$5-7$$ cm $$2-3$$ cm

    $$120-170$$ g
  • $$10-20$$ cm $$10-12$$ cm $$6-12$$ cm

    $$40-50$$ g
  • $$2-6$$ cm $$8-10$$ cm $$5-10$$ cm

    $$60-70$$ g
  • $$10-12$$ mm $$5-7$$ mm $$2-3$$ mm

    $$120-170$$ mg
Which of the following is most likely to cause an increase in the glomerular filtration rate?
  • Volume depletion
  • Blockage of ureter
  • Dilation of the afferent arterioles
  • Release of Aldosterone from pituitary
Ultrafiltration takes place in
  • Loop of Henle
  • Malpighian corpuscle
  • collecting duct
  • Minor calyx
Given figure is of longitudinal section of kidney. Identify the parts labelled as A to D and select the correct option. 
887626_3705e0784d5f425ebf28198cf16118a7.PNG
  • Cortex Calyx Renal column Ureter
  • Calyx Cortex Renal column Ureter
  • Medulla Cortex Renal capsule Urethra
  • Calyx Cortex Renal pelvis Urethra
Which of the following statements are false?
(i) Outer cortex and inner medulla are the two zones in kidney. 
(ii) Medulla is divided into few renal pyramids.
(iii) Pyramid projects into calyx.  
(iv) Inward extension of cortex between the pyramids is called renal column of Bertini.
  • (i) and (iv)
  • (ii) and (iv)
  • (ii) and (iii)
  • None of these
Columns of Bertini in the kidneys of mammals are formed as extensions of 
  • Cortex in medulla
  • Cortex in pelvis
  • Medulla in pelvis
  • Pelvis in ureter
Mark the wrong match from the following:
  • Bowman's capsule-Glomerular filtration
  • DCT-Absorption of glucose
  • Henle's loop-Concentration of urine
  • PCT-Absorption of $$Na^+$$ and $$K^+$$ ions
Match the item in column I with those in column II and select the correct option given below:

Column I
(Function) 		Column II
(Part of Excretory System)
a.Ultrafiltration i.Henle's loop
b.Concentration ii.Ureter
c.Transport of urineiii.Urinary bladder 
d.Storage of urineiv.Malpighian corpuscle
v.Proximal convoluted tubule 
  • $$A-5,B-4,C-1,D-2$$
  • $$A-4,B-5,C-2,D-1$$
  • $$A-5,B-4,C-1,D-3$$
  • $$A-4,B-1,C-2,D-3$$
All Bowman's capsules of the kidney are found in 
  • Cortex
  • Pelvis
  • Medulla
  • None of these
A Malpighian body is constituted by 
  • Glomerulus only
  • Glomerulus and Bowman's capsule
  • Glomerulus and Efferent vessel
  • Glomerulus, Bowman's capsule and Efferent vessel
Select the option that correctly identifies the parts labelled from A to F in the given figure of nephron.

887642_408d978d92f349d2975c94487f77c3c1.PNG
  • Afferent arteriole PCT Henle's loop DCT Collecting duct Vasta recta
  • Efferent arteriole PCT Henle's loop DCT Collecting duct Vasa recta
  • Afferent arteriole Peritubular capillaries Henle's loop DCT PCT Collecting duct
  • Afferent arteriole Henle's loop Collecting duct PCT DCT Peritubular capillaries
Liquid which collects in the cavity of Bowman's capsule is 
  • Concentrated urine
  • Plasma minus blood proteins and blood cells
  • Glycogen and water
  • Sulphates and water
Which one of the following is a correct pair showing the function of a specific part of the human nephron?
  • Podocytes : create minute spaces (slit pores) for the filtration of blood into the Bowman's capsule
  • Henle's loop : most re-absorption of the major substances from the glomerular filtrate.
  • Distal convoluted tubule : re-absorption of $$K^{+}$$ ions into the surrounding blood capillaries
  • Afferent arteriole : carries the blood away from the glomerulus towards renal vein
Which one of the following is not a part of renal pyramid? 
  • Peritubular capillaries
  • Convoluted tubules
  • Collecting ducts
  • Loop of Henle
The given figure represents the Malpighian body. Identify the labelled parts A to D and select the correct option. 
887656_dbfe967514a04400bbf1c093724291a5.PNG
  • Efferent arteriole Afferent arteriole Bowman's capsule Proximal convoluted tubule
  • Afferent arteriole Efferent arteriole Renal corpuscle Proximal convoluted tubule
  • Affferent arteriole Efferent arteriole Bowman's capsule Proximal convoluted tubule
  • Afferent arteriole Efferent arteriole Bowman's capsule Distal convoluted tubule
Consider the following statements each with one or two blanks. 
(i) Towards the centre of the inner concave surface of the kidney is a notch called (1) through which ureters, blood vessels and nerves enter.
(ii) The medulla of kidney is divided into a few conical masses called (2) projecting into the (3)
(iii) Glomerulus is a tuft of capillaries formed by the (4) artery. Blood from the glomerulus is carried away by an (5) artery.
Which one of the following options correctly fills the blanks in any two of the statements?
  • (1) -renal pelvis, (2) -calyces, (3) -medullary pyramids.
  • (2) -medullary pyramids, (3) -calyces , (4) -afferent, (5) -efferent
  • (2) -columns if Bertini, (3) -chordae tendinae, (4) -efferent, (5) -afferent
  • (1) -hilum, (4) -efferent, (5) -afferent
The longest loop of Henle is found in 
  • Kangaroo rat
  • Opposum
  • Rhesus monkey
  • Porcupine
3Refer the given figure showing structure of Malphigian corpuscle. To facilitate ultrafiltration through glomerular capillaries ________.
888449_d021442cecb74b13a3dac3b82d018c54.jpg
  • part 'D' is narrower than part 'A'
  • part 'A' is narrower than part 'D'
  • part 'C' is narrower than part 'D'
  • part 'B' is narrower than part 'D'
The yellow colour of urine is due to the presence of _________.
  • Urea
  • Uric acid
  • Urochrome
  • Bilirubin
Consider the following statements each with one or two blanks. 
(i) The ascending limb of loop of Henle is impermeable to (1) but allows transport of (2)
(ii) (3) and (4) play a significant role in producing a concentrated urine. 
(iii) A fall in glomerular blood flow/glomerular blood pressure/GFR can activate the JG cells to release (5)
Which one of the following options correctly fills the blanks in any two of the statements?
  • $$(1)$$-water, $$(2)$$-electrolytes, $$(5)$$-renin
  • $$(3)$$-Henle's loop, $$(4)$$-vasa recta, $$(5)$$-angiotensin
  • $$(1)$$-electrolytes, $$(2)$$-water, $$(3)$$- PCT, $$(4)$$- DCT
  • $$(3)$$-Henle's loop, $$(4)$$-vasa recta, $$(5)$$-angiotensinogen
Select the correct statement.
  • The juxta medullary nephrons have reduced Henle's loop.
  • Vasa recta is well developed in cortical nephrons.
  • The PCT and DCT are situated in the medulla of the kidney.
  • The ascending limb of the Henle's loop is connected to DCT.
Statement 1: Small amount of urea enters the thick segment of Henle's loop which is transported back to interstitium by collecting tubules.
Statement 2: Collecting tubules and the thick segment of Henle's loop are permeable to urea. 
  • Both statements 1 and 2 are correct.
  • Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrect.
  • Statement 1 is incorrect but statement 2 is correct.
  • Both statements 1 and 2 are incorrect.
Pick the odd ones in each of the following groups and select the correct option. 
(i) Renal pelvis, Medullary pyramid, Renal cortex,  Renal papilla 
(ii) Afferent arteriole, Henle's loop, Vasa recta, Efferent arteriole
(iii) Glomerular filtration, Antidiuretic hormone, Hypertonic urine, Collecting duct 
(iv) Proximal convoluted tubule, Distal convoluted tubule, Henle's loop, Renal corpuscle
  • (i)Renal pelvis (ii)Henle's loop (iii)Collecting duct tubule (iv)Distal convoluted tubule
  • (i)Renal papilla (ii)Afferent arteriole (iii)Antidiuretic hormone (iv)Henle's loop
  • (i)Medullary pyramid (ii)Efferent arteriole (iii)Hypertonic urine (iv)Proximal convoluted tubule
  • (i)Renal cortex (ii)Vasa recta (iii)Glomerular filtration (iv)Renal corpuscle
A person who is not talking food or beverages will have ________ in urine.
  • Little glucose
  • Less urea
  • Excess urea
  • Little fat
Long ducts of collecting tubules extend from 
  • Cortex to inner part of medulla
  • Medulla to outer cortex
  • Medulla to inner cortex
  • Cortex to outer part of medulla
Read the given statements regarding the human excretory system and select the correct ones. 
(i) Presence of glucose in urine is known as uremia.
(ii) Distal convoluted tubule (DCT) selectively secretes hydrogen ions, ammonia and potassium ions into the filtrate. 
(iii) Macula densa formed bye cellular modifications in the distal convoluted tubule and the afferent arteriole at their contact location. 
(iv) Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) can cause vasoconstriction when blood flow is low to the atria of the heart. 
  • (i) and (ii)
  • (i) and (iii)
  • (ii) and (iii)
  • (iii) and (iv)
Which of the following statements is incorrect? 
  • The medullary zone of kidney is divided into a few conical masses called medullary pyramid projecting into the calyces.
  • Inside the kidney the cortical region extends in between the medullary pyramids as renal pelvis.
  • Glomerulus along with Bowman's capsule is called the renal corpuscle.
  • Renal corpuscle, proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) and distal convoluted tubule(DCT) of the nephron are situated in the cortical region of kidney.
Ultrafiltering units of kidney are known as
  • Vena Cava
  • Glomerulus
  • Nephron
  • Tubule
Which of the following options exemplifies a behavioral means of homeostasis?
  • A man sweating profusely in a hot room
  • A rhino covering itself in mud to keep cool
  • A desert lizard basking in sun too increasing its body temperature
  • Both (B) and (C)
The diagrams show vertical sections of kidneys of coypu, brown rat and kangaroo rat, showing the relative size of cortex and medulla. Coypu is found in freshwater and is never of short of water to drink. Brown rats are able to go some days without drinking. Kangaroo rats are able to live in deserts without drinking at all. Which kidney belongs to which animal?

888938_d538b4bb4c54485d83c06ae5b600b486.PNG
  • Brown rat
    Coypu
    Kangaroo rat
  • Brown rat 
    Kangaroo rat 
    Coypu
  • Kangaroo rat
    Brown rat
    Coypu
  • Kangaroo rat
    Coypu
    Brown rat
Filtration of the blood takes place at 
  • PCT
  • DCT
  • Collecting ducts
  • Malpighian body
Which of the following statements are correct? 
(i) Glucose has a high threshold value. 
(ii) Urine is concentrated in Henle's loop.
(iii) Haemodialyser removes urea, uric acid, glucose and plasma proteins. 
(iv) In glomerulus, urea, uric acid, water, glucose and plasma proteins are filtered out. 
  • (i), (iii) and (iv)
  • (ii), (iii) and (iv)
  • (i) and (ii)
  • (i) and (iii)
The pH of human urine is approximately
  • $$6.5$$
  • $$7$$
  • $$6$$
  • $$7.5$$
The following substances are the excretory products in animals. Choose the least toxic from among them.
  • Urea
  • Uric acid
  • Ammonia
  • Carbon dioxide
Incorrect statement in the following
  • Glomerulus is a group of fine blood capillaries
  • Loop of Henle is a part of malpighian body
  • Jatropa is the source of bio-diesel
  • Symptoms of uremia is swelling of feet
An organism which has Malpighian tubule as excretory organ can be placed in phylum
  • Arthropda
  • Annelida
  • Platyhelminthes
  • None of the above
Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the codes given below. 
       Column I                       Column II 
   A. Lungs                      (i)   Lactic acid 
   B. Liver                        (ii)  Hypertonic urine
   C. Micturition               (iii) Counter-current system
   D. Sweat                      (iv) $$CO_{2}$$
   E. Vasa recta                (v) Urinary bladder 
   F. Sebum                      (vi) Glucose 
   G. ADH                         (vii) Bilirubin
   H. Tubular reabsorption (viii) Sterols 
 
  • $$A-(iv), B-(vii), C-(V), D-(i), E-(iii), F-(viii), G-(ii), H-(vi)$$
  • $$A-(iii), B-(i), C-(iv), D-(viii), E-(ii), F-(v), G-(vii), H-(vi)$$
  • $$A-(iv), B-(viii), C-(i), D-(vi), E-(v), F-(iii), G-(ii), H-(vii)$$
  • $$A-(vii), B-(i), C-(iv), D-(iii), E-(vii),F-(vi), G-(v), H-(ii)$$
Match the terms given in column /i with their physiological processes given in column II and choose the correct answer.
    Column I                        Column II
A. Proximal convoluted tubule  (i) Formation of concentrated urine 
B. Distal convoluted tubule                 (ii) Filtration of blood 
C. Henle's loop                         (iii) Reabsorption of $$70-80%$$ of eletrolytes 
D. Counter current mechanism (iv) Ionic balance 
E. Renal corpuscle                    (v) Maintenance of concentration gradient  in medulla 
  • $$A-(iii), B-(v), C-(iv), D-(ii), E-(i)$$
  • $$A-(iii), B-(iv), C-(i), D-(v), E-(ii)$$
  • $$A-(i), B-(iii), C-(ii), D-(v), E-(iv)$$
  • $$A-(iii), B-(i), C-(iv), D-(v), E-(ii)$$
Find the incorrect pairing. 
  • Nephridia and Leech
  • Organ of Bojanus and Snail
  • Malpighian tubules and Cockroach
  • Kidney and Rat
Study the following

(a) Proximal convoluted tube
(b) Descending limb of Henle's loop
(c) Distal convoluted tube
(d) Ascending limb of Henle's loop
(e) Collecting Tubule

Where does facultative reabsorption of water take place?
  • a, b
  • c, d, e
  •  e
  • a, b and e
Babies should be always kept in a reasonably warm temperature whereas adults can withstand extreme cold. The reason for this is that
  • They sweat more than the adults, lowering their body temperature
  • They have a large volume to surface area ratio which results in loss of body heat greater than they produce
  • They have a large surface area to volume ratio hence they lose much more heat than they produce
  • Their skin is more porous than that of the adults
The kidneys in the human body
  • Excrete waste products and any excess of salts
  • Regulate the concentration of the salts in the blood and of the reaction (acid-base balance) of the blood
  • Regulate the water balance in the body
  • All of the above
Select the option that correctly matches a characteristics feature with the group of three animals.
  • Excretion through Malpighian tubules - Limulus, Loligo, Locusta
  • Parapodia help in swimmming - Neries, Pheretima, Hirudinaria
  • Rasping organ called radula - Pila, Octopus, Sepia
  • Comb plates for locomotion - Pleurobrachia, Pennatula, Ctenoplana
The yellow colour of urine is due to the presence of 
  • Bile
  • Lymph
  • Cholesterol
  • Urochrome
Renal arteries are formed by
  • Afferent arteriole
  • Dorsal aorta
  • Ventral aorta
  • Renal portal vein
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