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CBSE Questions for Class 11 Medical Biology Excretory Products And Their Elimination Quiz 8 - MCQExams.com
CBSE
Class 11 Medical Biology
Excretory Products And Their Elimination
Quiz 8
Which is correctly matched
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Glomerular filtrate - serum with protein
0%
Glomerular filtration rate - 125 ml/min
0%
Reabsorption collecting tubule
0%
Reabsorption of Cl - Active absorption
Explanation
Glomerular filteration is the first step in urine formation. Glomerular Blood is filtered through filtration slits present in Bowman's capsule. The amount of the filtrate formed by the kidneys per minute is called the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). GFR is about 125 ml/minute, i.e., 180 liters per day.
So, the correct answer is 'Option B'.
Antennary glands of crustaceans are meant for
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Gustatoreception
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Olfactoreception
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Tangoreception
0%
Excretion
Explanation
In decapod crustaceans, the excretory organs are known as antennary glands or green glands. These glands are opaque-white, pea seed sized structures, enclosed in the coxa of each second antenna. These glands play an important role in the process of excretion.
So, the correct option is 'Excretion'.
Which one is true?
Urine is hypertonic in distal convoluted tubule
When urine passes into collecting tubule it becomes hypotonic
Urine is isotonic in proximal convolute tubule
Urine becomes more and more hypotonic as it passes through Henles loop
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1 and 4
0%
1, 2, 3
0%
2, 3
0%
3
Explanation
The proximal tubule can be anatomically divided into two segments:- T he proximal convoluted tubule and the proximal straight tubule.
The solutes are absorbed
isotonically
, in that the osmotic potential of the fluid leaving the proximal tubule is the same as that of the initial glomerular filtrate. However, glucose, amino acids, inorganic phosphate, and some other solutes are reabsorbed via secondary active transport through co-transport channels driven by the sodium gradient out of the nephron.
So, the statement 'Urine is isotonic in proximal convoluted tubule' is True.
A person undertaking prolonged fasting has certain abnormal constituents in urine
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Ketones
0%
Glucose
0%
Amino acids
0%
Fats
Explanation
If a person is undergoing prolonged fasting, his urine will be found to contain abnormal quantities of ketones. During fasting, energy is obtained by the oxidation of the reserved fats. As a result of fatty acid oxidation, a large number of ketone bodies are produced such as acetoacetate.
So, the correct option is 'Ketones'.
Green glands present in some arthropods help
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Respiration
0%
Excretion
0%
Digestion
0%
Reproduction
Explanation
Green glands are excretory organs of some arthropods like crustaceans. They are also called antennal glands because these glands are located near the base of larger antennae. Each gland has three parts end sac, labyrinth and bladder. The labyrinth is the proper excretory gland. Hence green glands help in excretion.
So, the correct answer is 'Excretion'.
Find out the correct labeling
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a - Nephron, b -Cortex, c - Medulla, d - Pelvis, e - Ureter
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a - Cortex, b - Nephron, c - Pelvis, d - Medulla, e - Ureter
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a - Cortex, b - Medulla, c - Nephron, d - Pelvis, e - Ureter
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a - Nephron, b - Cortex, c - Medulla, d - Ureter, e - Pelvis
Explanation
a) Nephron - It is the structural and functional unit of the kidney.
b) Cortex - It is the outer portion of kidney present between the renal capsule and renal medulla. It consists of blood vessels connect to the nephrons
c) Medulla - It is the inner region of the kidney. It consists of 8-12 renal pyramids which empty into calyx of the kidney.
D) Pelvis - It is the point at which 2 or 3 major calyces join together. It is funnel-shaped dilated part of the ureter
e) Ureter - It is a tube carries urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder.
So, the correct answer is 'Option A'.
Wolffian body is also known as
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Pronephros
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Mesonephros
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Abnormal heart
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Metanephros
Explanation
The Wolffian duct (also known as an archinephric duct, Leydig's duct, mesonephric duct, or nephric duct) is a paired organ found in mammals including humans during embryogenesis. It connects the primitive kidney Wolffian body (or mesonephros) to the cloaca and serves as the analogue for certain male reproductive
organs
.
So, the correct option is 'Mesonephros'.
Which of the following groups have similar function?
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Typhlosole in Earthworm, intestinal villi in Rat and contractile vacuole in Amoeba
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Nephridia in Earthworm, malpighian tubules in Cockroach and urinary tubules in Rat
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Antennae in Cockroach, tympanum of Frog and clitellum of Earthworm.
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Incisors of Rat, gizzard (proventricules ) of Cockroach and tube feet of Starfish
Explanation
Earthworms (annelids) have slightly more evolved excretory structures called
nephridia.
A pair of nephridia is present on each segment of the earthworm.
Malpighian
tubules
are found lining the gut of some species of arthropods, such as the bee
. They are usually found in pairs and the number of tubules varies with the species of insect.
So, the correct option is 'Option B'.
A healthy person will not excrete urine having
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0%
Creatinine
0%
Uric acid
0%
Alanine
0%
Vitamin B-complex
Explanation
A healthy person will excrete:
1) Creatinine: It is a waste product that your body makes when you use your muscles. It's also made when your body digests meat. Healthy kidneys remove creatinine from your blood, and it leaves your body in your urine.
2) Uric acid: It is produced in the body by the breakdown of purines. Most of the uric acid is removed from the body in urine.
3) Glutamic acid, serine, glycine, threonine, alanine, glutamine, lysine, and tyrosine are excreted in the urine by normal infants. The urinary excretion of glycine and alanine, particularly, decreases with age, and probably this is related to the development of a renal function.
4) B vitamins are water-soluble vitamins, which means that what your body doesn't use is excreted in your urine. Riboflavin (vitamin B2) is especially likely to cause this color change in the urine.
So, the correct answer is 'Alanine'
Which of the following is a wrong statement?
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Presence of albumin in urine is albuminaria.
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Presence of glucose in urine is glycosuria.
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Presence of ketose sugar in urine is ketonuria.
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Presence of excess urea in blood is uremia.
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Presence of haemoglobin in urine is haemoglobinuria.
Explanation
Ketonuria is the presence of a high number of ketone bodies in urine. It may occur due to diabetes, starvation, fasting, or glycogen storage disease. Ketone bodies (acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate) are water-soluble molecules containing the keto group these are not carbohydrates like ketone sugar (fructose).
So, the correct answer is option C.
In the absence of loop of Henle
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Urine will be hypotonic
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Urine will be hypertonic
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Urine will be isotonic
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No change in urine concentration
Explanation
The loop of Henle is a hairpin-shaped structure present in the nephron. its important function is the absorption of water from the tubular lumen. which result in the production of hypertonic urine (concentrated urine).If the loop of Henle is absent the absorption of water is decreased and will result in the production of hypotonic urine(Dilute urine).Hence in the absence of the loop of Henle urine will be hypotonic.
So, the correct answer is 'Urine will be hypotonic'.
First step in urine formation is
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Tubular secretion
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Tubular reabsorption
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Ultrafiltration
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Selective secretion
Explanation
Glomerular filtration is the first step in urine formation. Glomerular blood is filtered through filtration slits present in Bowman's capsule. The Bowman's capsule collects the filtrate and it enters the tubules of the nephron. Glomerular filtration is also called as ultrafiltration because filtrate consists of almost all constituents of plasma except proteins. Hence the first step in urine formation is Ultrafiltration.
So, the correct answer is 'Ultrafiltration'.
Green colour of bile is due to
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Biliverdin
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Bilirubin
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Sodium taurocholate
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Sodium glycocholate
Explanation
The correct answer is A
Bile has two main pigments Bilirubin and Biliverdin, Biliverdin is responsible for the green color of the bile. They are formed from the break down of RBC
Bowman's capsule is formed of.
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Cuboidal epithelium
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Ciliated epithelium
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Squamous epithelium
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Columnar epithelium
Region of nephron found in renal medulla is
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Malpighian corpuscle
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Proximal convoluted tubule
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Distal convoluted tubule
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Henle's loop
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Glomerulus
Explanation
Correct Option:
D
Explanation:
Loop of Henle, long U-shaped portion of the tube that
conducts piddle
within every nephron of the urinary organ of reptiles, birds, and mammals.
The principal performance of the loop of Henle is in the
recovery of water and common salt
from urine and it's found within the
renal medulla
is Henle's loop.
Henle's loop could be a
hairpin-shaped space
of the tube with a downhill limb and an ascending limb. Hence, the region of the nephron found in the renal medulla is
Henle's loop.
Which of the following is not a part of nephron
?
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PCT
0%
DCT
0%
Loop of Henle
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Collecting duct
Explanation
Collecting ducts are straight tube present in kidney, many of which converge and open into the renal pelvis through medullary pyramids in the calyces. The DCT (Distal convoluted tubules) of many nephrons open into collecting duct. Hence collecting duct is not a part of the nephron.
So, the correct answer is 'Collecting duct'.
Bidders canal occurs in
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Testis of Frog
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Kidney of Frog
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Kidney of Rabbit
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Both B and C
Explanation
In the male frog, the testes are attached to the kidney. Bidders canal is present inside the kidney of a frog. 10 -12 pairs of vasa differentia arises from testes and then enter the kidneys, where they open into the bidder's canal. The bidders canal then opens to the urinogenital duct which in turn open into the cloaca. Hence Bidders canal occurs in the kidney of the frog.
So, the correct answer is 'Kidney of frog'.
Longest loop of Henle occurs in
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Kangaroo Rat
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Rhesus Monkey
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Opposum
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Rabbit
Explanation
The loop of Henle is U shaped tube that conducts urine within a nephron from proximal convoluted tubule to the distal convoluted tubule. The longest loop of Henle occurs in Kangaroo Rat. The long loop of Henle helps to minimize water loss and maximize reabsorption.
So, the correct answer is 'Kangaroo Rat'.
Urge for urination starts as bladder comes to have urine
upto _______
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200-300 ml
0%
300-400 ml
0%
400-450 ml
0%
450-550 ml
Explanation
The urinary bladder is a muscular sac. When it is empty, it is about the size and shape of a pear. The bladder stores urine, allowing urination to be infrequent and can be controlled. Urge for urination starts as bladder comes to have urine 400-450 ml.
In response, the stretch receptors on the walls of the bladder send signals to the CNS. The CNS passes on motor messages to initiate the contraction of smooth muscles of the bladder and simultaneous relaxation of the urethral sphincter causing the release of urine.
So, the correct answer is '400-450 ml'.
Antennal gland functions as excretory organ in
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Planaria
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Prawn
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Earthworm
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Cockroach
Explanation
Green glands are excretory organs of some arthropods like crustaceans. For example, prawns, crayfishes, lobsters etc. They are also called antennal glands because these glands are located near the base of larger antennae. Each gland has three parts end sac, labyrinth and bladder. The labyrinth is the proper excretory gland. Hence antennal gland functions as the excretory organ in prawn.
So, the correct answer is 'Prawn'.
Proxinal convoluted tubule (PCT) is lined with
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Cuboidal epithelium with brush border
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Cuboidal epithelium
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Columnar epithelium
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Ciliated epithelium
Explanation
Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) is lined with cuboidal epithelium with brush border. It increases the surface area for reabsorption. Almost all essential nutrients and 70-80 % of electrolytes and water are reabsorbed by PCT.
So, the correct answer is 'Cuboidal epithelium with brush border".
Find the correct answers about glomerular filtrate
Formed continuouslythrough ultrafiltration of blood
Lipid free fluid collects in the lumen of Bowmans capsule
Protein free fluid collects in the lumen of Bowmans capsule
Formed by process of selective reabsorption.
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1, 2, 3 correct
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1, 2 correct
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2, 4, correct
0%
1, 3 correct
Explanation
1) The first step in the urine formation is the filtration of blood which is carried out by the glomerulus and is called glomerular filtration or ultrafiltration. The filtrate formed is known as glomerular filtrate and is formed continuously through ultrafiltration of blood.
2) Protein-free fluid collects in the lumen of Bowman's capsule because filtration slits present in Bowman's capsule are minute pores through which relatively larger particles like proteins cannot pass.
So, the correct answer is '1, 3 correct'.
The substance present in higher concentration in blood than glomerular filtrate
is __________
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Plasma proteins
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Urea
0%
Water
0%
Glucose
Explanation
The substance present in higher concentration in blood than glomerular filtrate is plasma proteins because plasma proteins are relatively larger in size so they cannot pass through the minute pores (filtration slits) present in Bowman's capsule and remain in blood only.
So, the correct answer is 'Plasma proteins'.
In which part of nephron absorption of filtrate maximum
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Distal convoluted tubule
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Proximal convoluted tubule
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Glomerulus
0%
Henles loop
Explanation
The part of the nephron in which absorption is maximum is Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) because PCT is lined with Cuboidal epithelium with brush border. It increases the surface area for absorption. Almost all essential nutrients and 70-80 % of electrolytes and water are reabsorbed by PCT.
So, the correct answer is 'Proximal convoluted tubule'.
Compare the statements :
Statement A. When the urine moves through the descending limb, it becomes hypertonic and as it passes through the ascending limb of loop of Henle, it becomes hypotonic
Statement B. The descending limb is permeable to sodium ions, while the ascending limb is impermeable to sodium ions
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Statement A is correct and B is wrong
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Statement A is wrong and B is correct
0%
Both statements A and B are wrong
0%
Both statements A and B are correct
Explanation
When the urine moves through the descending limb, it becomes hypertonic and as it passes through the ascending limb of the loop of Henle, it becomes hypotonic because the descending limb is permeable to water and impermeable to sodium ions, while the ascending limb is impermeable to water and permeable to sodium ions.
So, the correct answer is 'Statement A is correct and B is wrong'.
When a fresh water protozoan is placed in marine water
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The contractile vacuole disappears
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Contractile vacuole increases in size
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A number of contractile vacuoles appear
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The contractile vacuole remains unchanged.
Explanation
The function of a contractile vacuole in protozoan is to expel out excess water. When a freshwater protozoan is placed in marine water the contractile vacuole disappears because the function of contractile vacuole is to expel out excess water but in case of marine water, The water should be retained instead of expelled.
So, the correct answer is 'The contractile vacuole disappears'.
Name the excretory organs of grasshopper.
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Malphigian tubule
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Nephridia
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Flame cells
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None of the above
Explanation
The excretory organs of grasshopper are the malpighian tubules which are coiled about in the haemocoel and open into the anterior end of the hindgut. The malpighian tubules have a wall of a single layer of cells with striated inner border. Their free ends are completely closed. In the majority of Arthropods, Malpighian tubules are the excretory organs. So, the correct option is 'Malpighian tubule'.
In the accompanying diagram of urine formation, identify a, b, c and d.
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a- Pressure filtration, b- Re-absorption, c- Secretion, d- Collection of urine
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a- Pressure filtration, b- Secretion, c - Re-absorption, d- Collection of urine
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a- Collection of urine, b- Secretion, c- Re-absorption, d- Pressure filtration
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a- Re-absorption, b- Secretion, c- Pressure filtration, d- Collection of urine
Explanation
a) Pressure filtration - GLOMERULUS -The hydrostatic pressure in the glomerulus is the driving force that pushes filtered out of the capillaries and into slits in the nephron. Hence pressure filtration.
b) Re-absorption- PROXIMAL CONVOLUTED TUBULE(PCT) - it is lined with Cuboidal epithelium with brush border. It increases the surface area for reabsorption. Almost all essential nutrients and 70-80 % of electrolytes and water are reabsorbed by PCT.
c) Secretion-DISTAL CONVOLUTED TUBULE(DCT)- in distal convoluted tubule selective secretion of hydrogen and potassium ions and NH3 to maintain the pH and sodium-potassium balance in the blood.
d) Collection of urine -COLLECTING DUCT -Collecting ducts are straight tube present in kidney, many of which converge and open into the renal pelvis through medullary pyramids in the calyces. The DCTs(Distal convoluted tubules) of many nephrons open into collecting duct. Hence collecting duct is not a part of the nephron. Hence it collects formed urine from DCT.
So, the correct answer is 'a- Pressure filtration, b- Re-absorption, c- Secretion, d- Collection of urine'.
A large quantity of fluid is filtered out of blood every day by nephrons. Only 1% of it is excreted as urine. The remaining 99%
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0%
Gets collected in renal pelvis
0%
Is lost as sweat
0%
Is absorbed into blood
0%
Is stored in urinary bladder
Explanation
About 180 litres (100%) of fluid is filtered out of blood every day by nephrons but an adult human excretes, on an average, 1 to 1.5 litres (1 %) of urine per day. The remaining 99% is absorbed into the blood to maintain constant homeostasis in the body.
So, the correct answer is 'Is absorbed into blood'.
Curved portion of Henle's loop is lined by
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0%
Columnar epithelium
0%
Cuboidal epithelium
0%
Squamous epithelium
0%
Cihated epithelium
Explanation
The loop of Henle is the U-shaped portion of the nephron that leads from the proximal convoluted tubule to the distal convoluted tubule. The curved portion of Henle's loop is lined by squamous epithelium. The squamous epithelium enables rapid diffusion of blood and diffusion of small molecules.
So, the correct answer is 'Squamous epithelium'.
Renal fluid isotonic to cortical fluid and blood occurs in
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Distal convulated tubule and ascending limb
0%
Collecting duct and ascending limb
0%
Proximal convuluted tubule and distal convoluted tubule
0%
Ascending limb and descending limb
Explanation
The first step in the urine formation is the filtration of blood. which is carried out by the glomerulus and is called glomerular filtration. The filtrate formed is also called as renal fluid. The Renal fluid isotonic to cortical fluid and blood occurs in proximal convoluted tubule and distal convoluted tubule.
So, the correct answer is 'Proximal convoluted tubule and distal convoluted tubule'.
Match the pair of items with the category of organs
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Nephridia of earthworm and malpighian tubules of cockroach - excretory organ
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Wings of honey bee and crow homologous organs
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Nictitating membrane and blind spot in human eye-vestigial ogans
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Thorns of bougainvillea and tendrils of cucurbita - analogous organs.
Explanation
A.Correct option -A
B.Explanation for correct option
Earthworms (annelids) have slightly more evolved excretory structures called
nephridia.
A pair of nephridia is present on each segment of the earthworm.
Excretion occurs through a pore called the
nephridiopore
.
Malpighian tubules
are found lining the gut of some species of arthropods, such as the bee.
They are usually found in pairs and the number of tubules varies with the species of insect.
Which is not part of renal pyramid
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0%
Collecting ducts
0%
Loop of Henle
0%
Convoluted tubules
0%
Peritubular capillaries
Explanation
The medulla is divided into a few conical masses called medullary pyramids projecting into the calyces.
The cortex extends in between the medullary pyramids as renal columns called Columns of Bertini. Hence convoluted tubules are not a part of the renal tubule.
So, the correct answer is 'Convoluted tubules'.
This is not a nitrogenous waste
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0%
Creatinine
0%
Citrulline
0%
Purines
0%
Allantoin
Explanation
Citrulline is not a nitrogenous product but it is an intermediate product formed in the second step of the urea cycle. The urea cycle is also called as Ornithine cycle.
So, the correct answer is 'Citulline'.
Connecting tubule acts as part of which organ
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Heart
0%
Kidney
0%
Liver
0%
Pancreas
Explanation
Renal collecting tubule is also called as ducts of Bellini.
The most distal portion of collecting duct is called as ducts of Bellini. They receive renal filtrate from several collecting ducts and open into the minor calyx. Hence Collecting tubule acts as a part of the Kidney.
So, the correct answer is 'Kidney'.
In which one of the following organisms, its excretory organs are correctly stated
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Cockroach - Malpighian tubules and enteric caeca
0%
Earthworm - Pharyngeal, integumentary and septal nephridia
0%
Frog - Kidneys, skin and buccal epithelium
0%
Humans - Kidneys, sebaceous glands and tear glands
Explanation
The excretory system of earthworm consists of nephridia as the excretory organ which is analogous to the kidney of vertebrates. Nephridia are porous, long, thin coiled tube which is found in all segments except first three. Based on their position in the body, they are three types pharyngeal, integumentary and septal nephridia.
So, the correct answer is 'Option B'.
Average quantity of urea excreted daily humans per day is
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10 - 15 g
0%
25 - 30 g
0%
40 - 50 g
0%
100 - 500 mg
Explanation
The composition of urine in humans is 95% water, 2.5 % urea and 2.5% other waste. As urea is the major excretory waste humans are considered ureotelic.
, On an average, 25-30 g of urea is excreted out per day.
So, the correct answer is '25-30 g'.
Urine is yellowish due to presence of
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Urochrome
0%
Anthoxanthine
0%
Urine
0%
Uric acid
Explanation
Urine is yellowish due to the presence of Urochrome or urobilin. These pigments are naturally present in urine. The pale yellow colour of urine indicates you're hydrated.
So, the correct answer is 'Urochrome'.
Select the correct statement
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Juxtamedullary nephrons have reduced Henles loop
0%
Vasa recta is well developed in cortical nephrons
0%
Ascending limb of Henle's loop extends as DCT
0%
Glomerulus encloses Bowmans capsule
Explanation
The nephron is the structural and functional unit of the kidney. Its body is divided into Bowman's capsule, proximal convoluted tubule(DCT), Helen's loop, and distal convoluted tubule(DCT). Henle's loop is hairpin shaped part of nephron which has descending limb and ascending limb. The ascending limb of Henle's loop ascending limb extends as DCT.
So, the correct answer is 'Ascending limb of Henle's loop extends as DCT
'.
Which is not an excretory organ of vertebrates?
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Liver
0%
Lungs
0%
Hepatopancreas
0%
Skin
Explanation
Hepatopancreas is not an excretory organ of vertebrates. It is a glandular excretory organ present in many invertebrates like arthropods and molluscs. It shows functions similar to liver and pancreas of vertebrates.
So, the correct answer is 'Hepatopancreas'.
Podocyte layer that provides outer lining to the surface of glomerular capillaries are found in ______________.
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Bowman's capsule
0%
loop of Henle
0%
renal artery
0%
ureter
Which one of the following statements in regard to the excretion by the human kidneys is correct ?
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Distal convoluted tubule is incapable reabsorbing $$HCO_3$$
0%
Nearly 99% of glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed by renal tubules
0%
Ascending limb of loop of Henle in impermeable to electrolytes
0%
Descending limb of loop of Henle, impermeable to water
Explanation
Correct Option:
B
Explanation:
The process by which the kidneys filter the blood, eliminating excess wastes and fluids is termed
Glomerular filtration.
A comparison of the degree of filtrate shaped per day (180 liters) with water discharged(1.5 liters) suggests that just about 99% of the filtrate is reabsorbed by
urinary vessels
(renal tubules).
The distal convoluted tube is incapable of reabsorbing
Na+ ions.
The ascending limb of Henle's loop is water-repellent(impermeable) to
water.
The downward(descending) limb of the loop of Henle is
leaky
to water. Hence,
nearly 99%
of glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed by
renal tubes
is the correct statement among all.
Which is correct
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Distal convoluted tubule - Reabsorption of $$K^+$$ ions
0%
Afferent arteriole - Carries blood away from glomerulus
0%
Podocytes - create minute spaces (slit pores) for filtration
0%
Henle's loop - Most reabsorption of major substances
Explanation
The epithelial cells of Bowman’s capsule called podocytes are arranged in an intricate manner so as to leave some minute spaces called filtration slits or slit pores. Blood is filtered so finely through these membranes.
So, the correct answer is 'Podocytes - create minute spaces (slit pores) for filtration'.
Part of nephron that opens into collecting duct is
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0%
DCT
0%
Henle's loop
0%
Glomeruli
0%
Bowman's capsule
Explanation
The nephron is the structural and functional unit of the kidney. Its body is divided into renal corpuscle, proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), Henle's loop and distal convoluted tubule (DCT). The distal convoluted tubules of many nephrons open into a straight tube called collecting duct. Hence DCT is a part of the nephron that opens into collecting duct.
So, the correct answer is 'DCT'.
Urine is formed from
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Tubular absorption
0%
Glomerular filtration
0%
Tubular secretion
0%
All of the above
Explanation
Urine is the liquid waste product of the human body. It contains urea, uric acid, salts, water and other waste products that are the result of various metabolic processes occurring in the body. It is formed in the primary excretory organs- the kidneys. The structural and functional unit of the kidneys is called the nephrons. Millions of nephrons are involved in the process of urine formation.
The formation process occurs in 3 steps or phases:-
Glomerular Filtration
Tubular Reabsorption
Tubular Secretion.
So, the correct option is ' Option A, B and C'.
Which one of the following components of urine in a healthy human does not differ much in concentration from that of blood plasma?
Report Question
0%
$$NH^+_4$$
0%
$$K^+$$
0%
$$Na^+$$
0%
$$SO^{2-}_4$$
Explanation
A) $$NH_{ 4 }^{ + }$$ ions are secreted from the interstitial tissue into the proximal and distal convoluted tubules. So, the levels of $$NH_{ 4 }^{ + }$$ is higher in urine than in blood.
B) $${ K }^{ + }$$ levels are higher in blood as it is reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule to maintain osmotic balance.
C) $${ Na }^{ + }$$ concentration is higher in blood than in urine as it is reabsorbed in the form of NaCl in the proximal and distal convoluted tubules and in the ascending limb of Henle's loop.
D) $${ SO }_{ 4 }^{ 2- } $$ ions are not filtered out of the blood at any point of time during filteration. So, its concentration does not vary much between the urine and blood of a healthy human.
So the correct answer is '$${ SO }_{ 4 }^{ 2- } $$'
Find the wrongly matched pair of animal and its excretory structure.
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Balanoglossus- Proboscis gland
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Earthworm- Nephridia
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Grasshopper- Malpighian tubules
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Prawn- Flame cells
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Amphioxus- Protonephridia
Explanation
Green glands are excretory organs of
crustaceans. For example, prawn. They are also called antennal glands because these glands are located near the base of larger antennae. Each gland has three parts end sac, labyrinth and bladder. The labyrinth is the proper excretory gland. Hence green glands help in excretion.
So, the correct answer is '
Prawn- Flame cells'.
Select the correct match of animal, excretory organs and product
.
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Salamander- Kidney- urea
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Peacock- Kidney- urea
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Housefly- Renal tubules- uric acid
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Labeo
- Nephridial tubes- Ammonia
Explanation
Salamander belongs to the phylum Chordata and class amphibia. Just like humans, the salamander has two kidneys which excrete urea as the nitrogenous waste product. Two kidneys are extremely important in excreting nitrogenous waste, and the urinary bladder stores waste in the form of urea before it is released into the environment.
So, the correct answer is 'Salamander-Kidney-Urea'.
Excretion in Hydra occurs through
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0%
Flame cells
0%
Nephridia
0%
Cnidoblasts
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General body surface
Explanation
Hydra is sessile and cylindrical in shape belonging to the phylum Cnidaria and class Hydrozoa. It has no specialized excretory organs hence excretion in hydra occurs by diffusion through the general body surface.
So, the correct answer is 'General body surface'.
Which is true for excretion in humans
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Glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed in PCT by simple diffusion
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DCT is impermeable to water
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On the average, 25-30 gm of urea is excreted per day
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Maximum reabsorption occurs in loop of Henle
Explanation
The composition of urine in humans is 95% water, 2.5 % urea and 2.5% other waste. As urea is the major excretory waste humans are considered ureotelic,
on an average, 25-30 g of urea is excreted out per day.
So, the correct answer is 'On the average, 35-30 gm of urea is excreted per day'.
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Practice Class 11 Medical Biology Quiz Questions and Answers
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