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CBSE Questions for Class 11 Medical Biology Morphology Of Flowering Plants Quiz 15 - MCQExams.com
CBSE
Class 11 Medical Biology
Morphology Of Flowering Plants
Quiz 15
In a plant the peduncle is elongated and it bears pedicillate flowers. The older flowers lie towards the base and the younger ones near the apex. The growth of the peduncle continues and more flowers are added. The inflorescence is
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Raceme
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Corymb
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Umbel
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Head
Explanation
In a plant the peduncle is elongated and it bears pedicillate flowers. The older flowers lie towards the base and the younger ones near the apex. The growth of the peduncle continues and more flowers are added. The inflorescence is Raceme.
The raceme is an unbranched, indeterminate type of inflorescence bearing pedicellate flowers flowers having short floral stalks called as pedicels along its axis. Axis means a shoot, in this case one bearing the flowers. In indeterminate inforescences like racemes, the oldest flowers are borne towards the base and new flowers are produced as the shoot grows, with no predetermined growth limit.
Therefore, the correct option is A.
This falls under which category of inflorescence?
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Cymose
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Racemose
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Special type
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Both A and B
Explanation
The image represents the special type of inflorescence in cyathium. Cyathium is the type of inflorescence which is found in genus Euphorbia. There is a cup-shaped involucre. This structure is provided with nectar secreting glands. The involucre encloses a single female flower.
This female flower remains surrounded by a number of male flowers. Each male flower is reduced to a solitary stamen. There is a scaly bract at the base.
Thus, the correct answer is option D.
Match the columns
List I
List II
A
Spike
1
Modified scorpiod cyme
B
Catkin
2
Sessile racemose
C
Hypanthodium
3
Branched racemose
D
Panicle
4
Inflorescence with three types of flowers
E
Rhipidium
5
Cylindrical flower structure
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A-2, B-5, C-4, D-3, E-1
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A- 1,B- 2,C- 3,D- 4,E- 5
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A- 3,B- 4,C- 5, D- 1, E- 2
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A- 4,B- 5, C- 2,D- 1,E- 3
Explanation
Spikes - un-branched racemose inflorescence e.g., Malabar nut and chaff flowers.
Catkin - a cylindrical flower cluster e.g., hazel, oak, mulberry, sweet chestnut, willow and birch .
Panicle - branched indeterminate racemose inflorescence with pedicellate flowers e.g., grapes.
Hypanthodium - inflorescence with three types of flowers - male flowers at the opening of the receptacle cavity, female flowers at the base and gall flowers (sterile flowers) in between. e.g.,
Ficus.
Rhipidium - A type of determinate simple inflorescence called as cymose, in this form of scorpoid cyme, the successive pedicels are on the same plane and follow a zig-zag path e.g.,
Iridaceae.
The ratio of old to young flowers in Euphorbia inflorescence is
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1:1
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1: many
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1:2
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10:1
Explanation
The ratio of old to young flowers in
Euphorbia
inflorescence is 1: many.
The old flower is the single female flower and the young ones are male flowers, it is cyathium inflorescence.
Cyanthium
and
cymose
are the same.
Each cyathium or cymose is actually a flower cluster or inflorescence containing unisexual, apetalous male and female flowers. The inconspicuous male flowers occur in clusters and are reduced to a single red stamen, while the female flower consists of a single ovary (pistil) on a stalk (pedicel).
Therefore, the correct option is B.
Spadix inflorescence can be traced in
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Colocasia
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Calotropis
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Nerium
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Sunflower
Explanation
Spadix inflorescence can be traced in Colocasia. It also produces clusters of two to five fragrant inflorescenes in the leaf axils.
A spadix is a type of spike inflorescence having small flowers borne on a fleshy stem. Spadix are typical of the family Araceae, the arums or aroids. The spadix is typically surrounded by a leaf-like curved bract known as a spathe.
Therefore, the correct option is A.
Oat is a member of poaceae as it has
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Spikelet inflorescence
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Dioecious flowers
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Ebracteate flowers
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All of the above
Explanation
Oat is a member of Poaceae as it has spikelet inflorescence.
Flowers of Poaceae are characteristically arranged in spikelets, each spikelet having one or more florets. The spikelets are further grouped into panicles or spikes. A spikelet consists of two (or sometimes fewer) bracts at the base, called as glumes, followed by one or more florets. A floret consists of the flower surrounded by two bracts, one externalthe lemmaand one internalthe palea.
Therefore, the correct option is A.
These are three examples of family Fabaceae. Answer the following.
Out of which of these true gulal is extracted?
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A
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B
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C
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None of the above
Explanation
Gulal is a coloured powder and can be extracted from the flowers, fruits and leaves. But mainly extracted from the flower of
Caesalpinia pulcherima
a flowering plant of the family Fabaceae.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
Spike of spikelet inflorescence is a charactersitic of
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Asteraceae
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Poaceae (graminae)
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Brassicaceae
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Malvaceae
Explanation
Spike of spikelet inflorescence is a charactersitic of Poaceae
.
Flowers of Poaceae are characteristically arranged in spikelets, each spikelet having one or more florets. The spikelets are further grouped into panicles or spikes. A spikelet consists of two (or sometimes fewer) bracts at the base, called as glumes, followed by one or more florets. A floret consists of the flower surrounded by two bracts, one externalthe lemmaand one internalthe palea.
Therefore, the correct option is B.
Which is the correct match?
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A - Anther, B - female flower, C - Involucre
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A - Anther, B - brateole, C - Involucre
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A - Female flower, B - Involucre, C - brateole
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A - Female flower, B - Involucre, C - male flower
Explanation
As the part labelled as a are the anthers and the part labelled b is the female flower and the part labelled c is the involucre. The anthers drop their gametes into the involucre that houses the ovary through the female flower that acts as a receptacle.
Therefore, the correct option is A.
Match list I with list II and select the correct option
List I
List II
A
Spike
1
Bougainvillea
B
Capitulum
2
Coleus
C
Dichasial cyme
3
Adhatoda
D
Multiparous cyme
4
Zinnia
E
Verticillaster
5
Asclepias
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A-3, B-4, C-1, D-5, E-2
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A-2, B-4, C-1, D-5, E-3
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A-3, B-2, C-1, D-5, E-4
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A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3, E-5
Explanation
Option A - Spike matches with 3 -
Adhatoda
, as the flowers are borne on spikes.
Option B - Capitulum matches with 4 -
Zinnia
, as the bigger unstalked separate flowers arranged very close to each other and the smaller ones are at the center forming a canopy like flower.
Option C - Dichasial cyme matches with 1 -
Bougainvillea
, as the older flowers are present at the center that is at the end of the growing point and the younger flowers are on either sides of the old central flower.
Option D - Multiparous cyme matches with 5-
Asclepias
as more than one flower are produced at the same time or simultaneously in this particular variety.
Option E - Verticillaster matches with 2-
Coleus
, as this inflorescence is multiwhorled (has more than one whorl) and they are borne at different points at definite intervals on the same stem.
Find out the correct sequence of labelling of diagram given below.
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A- spike, B- raceme, C- dichasial cyme, D- monochasial cyme
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A- raceme, B- spike, C- monochasial cyme, D- dichasial cyme
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A- dichasial cyme, B- monochasial cyme, C- raceme, D- spike
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A- spikc, B- dichasial cyme, C- monochasial cyme, D- raceme
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A- raceme, B- dichasial cyme, C- spike, D- monochasial cyme
Explanation
Option B is the correct answer. Inflorescence is a term used to define the arrangement of cluster of flowers on a stem either on the main stem axis or a peduncle.
In a raceme type of inflorescence, the flower develops at the axil between the stem and branch of a leaf on long, un-branched axis as is found in snapdragon.
A spike is a raceme with the flowers developing directly from the stem. For example, barley.
Dichasial cyme has a stunted central flower and two lateral flowers on elongated pedicels.
The monochasial cyme, the main stem ends in a flower and a lateral branch too ending in a flower below a repeat of this becomes the helicoid cyme.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
Balloon type inflated persistent calyx is characteristic of
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Helianthus
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Colutea
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Physalis
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All of the above
Explanation
Anemochory is seed or fruit dispersal by wind. Balloon type inflated persistent calyx is a sub-type of anemochory in which inflated calyx is remain attached to the fruit.
In
Colutea
, the same purpose is served by the inflated ovaries of the pod. The
Colutea
seeds are also dispersed by anemochory. But not the calyx but the inflated ovaries of the pod are involved in this mechanism.
Helianthus
seeds are heavy are not provided with pappus. Such seeds are dispersed by censer mechanism (a sub-type of anemochory). Censer mechanism is a type of anemochory (wind dispersal) where the seeds are dispersed from the small opening on the fruit. This opening is very small that only few seeds can escape at a time. Balloon type inflated persistent calyx is characteristic of
Physalis
. It enables the seed containing fruits to float in air for some time. This is a kind of adaptation shown by the fruit for wind dispersal of its seeds. It is also called as anemochory.
Therefore, option C is correct.
Pollinia are found in
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Rubiaceae.
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Asteraceae.
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Asclepiadaceae.
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Myrtaceae.
Explanation
Pollinia is a mass of pollen grains which are fused by sticky discs called as corpuscula. This structure originates from a single anther.
In
Rubiaceae
family, the anthers are 4-5 in number and are epipetalous i.e. attached to the petals. The anthers of
Asteraceae
are also epipetalous.
Myrtaceae
family does not show pollinia.
Asclepiadaceae
family show pollinia where the pollinia stick together and transported as a single unit during pollination. Pollination is carried out by insects. Hence, option C is correct.
Rhipidium inflorescence of solanaceae is of type
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Biparous cbyme
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Multiparous chyme
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Capitulum
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Scorpiod cyme
Explanation
In the cymose inflorescence the main axis ends of the flower ends in a flower as the peduncle stops growing. The flowers in cyme show basipetal succession. The oldest flower is the apex and the youngest flower of the inflorescence is at the base of the inflorescence. The flower are arranged in centrifugal manner and the oldest flower is at the center and the young flowers are towards the margin. A cyme is said to be scorpioid when the axis is curved and the flowers arise two-ranked and on alternate sides of the axis as in the forget-me-not. Rhipidium is a fan-shaped cymose inflorescence (as in some sedges) in which the branches lie in the same plane and are suppressed alternately on each side.
Therefore, the correct option is D.
One of the following is the typical floral formula of Brassicaceae (Cruciferae).
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$$K_{2+2}C_4A_{2+4}\underline{G}_{(2)}$$
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$$K_4C_{2+2}A_{3+3}\overline{G}_{(2)}$$
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$$K_{2+2}C_{2+2}A_6\underline{G}_{(1)}$$
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$$K_4C_4A_6\underline{G}_{(2)}$$
Explanation
Brassicaceae family has flower with 4 sepals in two whorls with imbricate aestivation, 4 petals in valvate aestivation, 6 stamens in two whorls in tetradynamous condition (4 stamens longer than other two), bicarpellary ovary with false septation showing two locules.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
The type of inflorescence in
Ocimum sanctum
is
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Hypanthodium
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Cyathium
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Verticillaster
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Thyrse
Explanation
The type of inflorescence in
Ocimum sanctum
is verticillaster. A cymose inflorescence arranged in pairs at the nodes, in the manner of a false whorl, is called as a verticillaster. A reduced raceme or cyme that grows in the axil of a bract is called a fascicle. A verticillaster is a fascicle with the
structure of a dichasium; it is common among the
Lamiaceae
. Many verticillasters with reduced bracts can form a spicate (spike-like) inflorescence that is commonly called as a spike.
Therefore, the correct option is C.
Immature gular fruit is
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Berry
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Samara fruit
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Hypanthodium inflorescence
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Swollen twig tip
Explanation
Immature gular fruit is a hypanthodium inflorescence. Hypanthodium inflorescence is formed by an enlarged, fleshy, hollow receptacle with multiple ovaries on the inside surface. In essence, it is really a fleshy stem with a number of flowers, so, it is considered both a multiple and accessory fruit. Here, the receptacle is fleshy and forms hollow ball like structure with an apical opening. Three types of flowers develop on the inner surface of the receptacle.The female flowers are towards the base, male flowers are towards the orifice and short styled sterile female flowers are in between.
In which of the following is cyathium inflorescence found?
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Polyantha
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Poinsettia
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Pongamia
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Pennisetum
Explanation
Cyathium inflorescence found in
Poinsettia
. Cyathium inflorescence is characteristic of family
Euphorbiaceae
(e.g.,
Euphorbia
and
Poinsettia
). The cyathia are sometimes solitary, but are usually in cymes, inflorescences of the second order, in pseudumbels, on dichotomously branched stalks or in so-called simple cymes which consist of one central and two lateral cyathia. One extremely reduced female flower standing in the centre at the base of the involucre, consisting of an ovary on a short stem with pistil and surrounded by five groups one group at the base of each bracteole of extremely reduced male flowers, which each consist of a single anther on a stem.
Therefore, the correct option is B.
Cyathium and hypanthodium resemble each other in possessing
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Involucre
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Dioecious nature
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Receptacle
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None of the above
Explanation
Cyanthium and hypanthodium resemble in having inflorescences of three types of flowers. So, the correct option is D. Here, the receptacle is fleshy and forms hollow ball like structure with an apical opening.Three types of flowers develop on the inner surface of the receptacle.The female flowers are towards the base, male flowers are towards the orifice and short styled sterile female flowers are in between.
Match the plants with correct example of their inflorescence
List I
List II
A
Helianthus
1
Cyathium
B
Euphorbia
2
Racemose
C
Brassica
3
Capitulum
D
Mangifera
4
Panicle
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A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4
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A-1, B-2, C-2, D-4
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A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4
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A-2, B-3, C-2, D-1
Explanation
Capitulum a type of flower head where the bracts are located under the basis, such as a daisy's,
Helianthus,
etc. A cyathium is one of the specialised pseudanthia (false flowers) forming the inflorescence of plants in the genus
Euphorbia
(Euphorbiaceae). Racemose Inflorescence is indeterminate and unbranched type of inflorescence. In raceme type, new flowers are generated at the tip of the inflorescence. There is no definite determination and the axis never terminates in a flower. For example,
Brassica
. Panicle is a branched raceme. The peduncle produces a number of branches in acropetal succession. On these branches pedicellate flowers are produced in acropetal succession. For example, Mango,
Magnifera,
etc.
The main distinguishing feature of solanaceae from compositae is
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Epipetalous stamens in the former
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Capitulum inflorescence in the later
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Both of (A) and (B)
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None of the above
Explanation
In Solanaceae
the flowers have
epipetalous stamens that is the stamens are attached to the petals with prominent anthers while in Compositeae
we can see
c
apitulum inflorescence. A flower head or capitulum is a very contracted raceme in which the single sessile flowers share are borne on an enlarged stem.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C.
These are three examples of family Fabaceae. Answer the following.
What is the criterion of their classification?
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Nature of aestivation and androecium
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Nature of seed
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Nature of stem
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Nature of leaf
Explanation
Family Fabaceae is subdivided into 3 sub-families as Papilionoideae, Caesalpinoideae and Mimosoideae. These 3 sub-families are easily identifiable by their flowers.
Papilionoideae flower shows zygomorphic flower (of which
symmetry remains intact when it is cut into two equal halves only through one particular vertical plane passing though the center) with 5 petals with 2 banner petal, 2 wing petals and 2 petals which partially fuse together to form boat shaped keel. It possess 10 distinct or fused or diadelphous stamens (stamens with united filaments).
Caesalpinoideae flower shows slightly zygomorphic flower with 5 petals which are not differentiated into banner, wing and keel. 10 or less stamens which are visible externally.
Mimosoideae flower are actinomorphic (
A flower when cut through any vertical plane passing though the axis then two equal halves are formed and its symmetry remains undisturbed. Such flower is called as an
actinomorphic flower
). Flowers are small and are crowded together to form pom-pom like structure. Stamens are 10 to many and extend beyond corolla.
Therefore, the correct option is A.
Which of the following are not characteristic features of the family Fabaceae?
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Tap root system, compound leaves and raceme inflorescence
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Flowers actinomorphic, twisted aestivation and gamopetalous
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Stamens ten, introse, basifixed and dithecous
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Monocarpellary, ovary, superior and bent stigma
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Fruit is legume
Explanation
Characteristic features of the family Fabaceae
are -
1. Leaves are usually alternate and compound.
2. The flowers are zygomorphic and in general, have five fused sepals.
3. The petals are also five free.
4. The presence of having a short usually cup-shaped hypanthium.
5. Stamens ten in number, superior ovary and curved style.
6. Placentation marginal.
Flowers of Fabaceae
do not show actinomorphic nature, twisted aestivation and gamopetaly. Thus, the correct answer is option B.
Three floral diagrams are given here. Their respective families are assigned in the answer key. Find out the families to which these diagrams belong to
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a - Liliaceae, b - Asteraceae, c - Solanaceae
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a - Asteraceae, b - Solanaceae, c - Brassicaceae
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a - Asteraceae, b - Fabiaceae, c - Poaceae
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a - Solanaceae. b - Poaceac, c - Fabaceae
Explanation
Diagram a is showing,
small 5 sepals, 5 petals in valvate aestavation, 5 stamens in epipetalous condition (stamens are fused with petals) and ovary with basal placentation. These characteristics match with flower of family Asteraceae.
Diagram b is showing,
large 5 united sepals in valvate aestivation, 5 united petals in valvate aestivation, 5 stamens in epipetalous condition (stamens are fused with petals), bicarpellary ovary with many ovules. These characteristics match with flower of family Solanaceae.
Diagram c is showing,
4 sepals in two whorls with imbricate aestivation, 4 petals in valvate aestivation, 6 stamens in two whorls in tetradynamous condition (4 stamens longer than other two), bicarpellary ovary with false septation showing two locules. These characteristics match with flower of family
Brassicaceae
.
Therefore, the correct option is B.
These are three examples of family Fabaceae. Answer the following.
Tendrils of
Pisum
are modification of
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Terminal leaflets
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Axial leaflet
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Leaflet
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None of the above
Explanation
The tendrils of
Pisum
are modified terminal leaflets. The pea plant is a climber and climbs with the help of the modified terminal leaflets are called as tendrils produced at the apex of compound leaves and also form branched tendrils. Axial leaflets are the modified branches arising as buds in the axil of the leaf. A leaflet is a separate but distinct part of the leaf.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Match the item in column I with column II and choose the correct answer.
Column 1
Column 2
A. Microspermae
Alismaceae
B. Epigynae
2. Liliaceae
C. Calycinae
3. Iridaceae
D. Apocarpae
4. Orchidaceae
E. Coronarieae
5. Palmae
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A - 3, B - 2, C - 1, D - 5, E - 4
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A - 2, B - 4, C - 3, D - 5, E - 1
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A - 4, B - 3, C - 5, D - 1, E - 2
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A - 4, B - 1, C - 3, D - 5, E - 2
Explanation
Bentham and Hooker divided the monocotyledons into 7 series such as
1) Microspermae- Plants with epigynous flower, inferior ovary, nonendospermic seeds, and parietal placentation. It includes 3 families such as Hydrocharitaceae, Orchidaceae and Burmanniaceae.
2) Epigynae- Plants with epigynous flower, inferior ovary, and large endospermic seeds. It includes 7 families such as Iridaceae, Bromiliaceae etc.
3) Coronarieae- Plants with petaloid perianth, superior ovary, and endospermic seed. It includes 8 families such as Liliaceae, Mayaceae etc.
4) Calycinae- Plants with sepaloid perianth, superior ovary, and endospermic seed. It includes 3 families Juncaceae, Plamae and Flagillariaceae.
5) Nudiforae- Plants with the superior ovary, endospermic seed, and perianth in the form of bristles. It includes 5 families such as Araceae, Cyclanthaceae etc.
6) Apocarpae- Plants with free carpel, superior ovary, and nonendospermic seed. It includes 3 families Alsimaceae, Najadaceae etc.
7) Glumaceae- Plants with no perianth, unilocular ovary and starchy endosperm such as Cyperaceae, Gramineae. It includes 5 families. Thus, the correct answer is option C.
Which of the following is not a characteristic feature of Fabaceae?
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Descendingly imbricate, ten stamens, diadelphous, ovary superior
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Sepals five, gamosepalous, imbricate aestivation, placentation axile
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Monocarpellary, ovary superior, style long, slightly bent at the apex
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Zygomorphic flowers, diadelphous stamens, many ovules
0%
Corolla five petals, polypetalous, anterior one large and outermost
Explanation
Fabaceae
is known as Leguminosae or bean and pea family. This single monophyletic family has three sub-families such as Mimosoideae, Caesalpinioideae and Papilionoideae.
While the family is characterized by presence of five sepals, zygomorphic flower, gamesepelous and has an imbricate aestivation, the placentation is marginal with one elongated placenta on one side of the ovary (superior) and ovules attached at the fusion of the carpel's margins and not axile ( where the ovary is sectioned by radial spokes with placentas in separate locules).
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
Desmodium
, 'Indian telegraph plant' belongs to the family
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Liliaceae
0%
Papilionaceae
0%
Malvaceae
0%
Solanceae
Explanation
Some plants show spontaneous to and fro movements of their leaflets. Such movements are observed in many plants. They are generally driven by temperature, touch, light, humidity, chemicals, etc.
Desmodium
, which is also called as Indian telegraph plant consists of two lateral leaflets and terminal leaflets.
Leaflets of
Desmodium
oscillates autonomously depending upon the temperature. Such oscillations are believed to be due to rhythmic swelling and shrinking of motor cells located in the pulvinus leaflet base. This movement of leaflets is similar to telegraphic signals.
Hence, it is also called as Indian telegraph plant.
Desmodium
, Indian telegraph plant belongs to family Papilionaceae as it possesses legumes, brightly colored papilionaceous flowers.
So, the correct answer is option B.
The placenta is swollen and fleshy in
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Solanaceae
0%
Cucurbitaceae
0%
Compositae
0%
Liliaceae
Explanation
The placenta is swollen and fleshy in
Solanaceae
. The gynoecium is bicarpelar with a superior ovary and two locules, which may be secondarily divided by false septa, as is the case for Nicandreae and Datureae. The gynoecium is located in an oblique position relative to the flowers median plane. They have one style and one stigma, the latter is simple or bilobate. Each locule has one to 50 ovules that are anatropous or hemianatropous with axillar placentation. The embryo sacks nuclear poles become fused before fertilization. The three antipodes are usually ephemeral or persistent as in the case of
Atropa
. The fruit can be a berry as in the case of the tomato or wolfberry a dehiscent capsule as in Datura, or a drupe. The fruit has axial placentation. The capsules are normally septicidal or rarely loculicidal or valvate. The seeds are usually endospermic, oily (rarely starchy), and without obvious hairs.
Therefore, the correct option is A.
Flowers are sessile in
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Raceme
0%
Spike
0%
Corymb
0%
Umbel
Explanation
Flowers are sessile in spike. A spike is an unbranched, indeterminate inflorescence, similar to a raceme but bearing sessile flowers (sessile flowers are attached directly, without stalks). Examples occur on Malabar nut (
Justicia adhatoda
) and chaff flowers.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
An example of bifacial leaf is
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Maize
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Wheat
0%
Mango
0%
Hydrilla
Explanation
A dicotyledonous leaf is also called dorsiventral or bifacial leaf. For example, mango leaves, banyan leaves and oleander leaves. These leaves are hypostomatic (stomata mostly on the lower epidermis). Mesophyll tissues present in these leaves are differentiated into palisade and spongy. So, the correct option is C.
Cork of commerce obtained from Quercus is part of
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Phellem
0%
Phellogen
0%
Phelloderm
0%
All of the above
Explanation
Cork of commerce obtained from Quercus is part of Phellem. Phellogen is defined as the meristematic cell layer responsible for the development of the periderm. Cells that grow inwards from the phellogen are termed phelloderm, and cells that develop outwards are termed phellem
or cork. Growth and development of cork cambium is very variable between different species and is also highly dependent on age, growth conditions, etc. as can be observed from the different surfaces of bark.
Therefore, the correct option is A.
Three types of flowers occur in the inflorescence of
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Raceme
0%
Hypanthodium
0%
Cyathium
0%
Umbel
Explanation
Hypanthodium is a special type of inflorescence. Here, the receptacle is fleshy and forms hollow ball like structure with an apical opening. Three types of flowers develop on the inner surface of the receptacle. The female flowers are towards the base, male flowers are towards the orifice and short styled sterile female flowers are in between, e.g.,
Ficus
sp.The inflorescence is pollinated by a gall wasp.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
Axis of Inflorescence is
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0%
Pedicle
0%
Peduncle
0%
Petiole
0%
All of the above
Explanation
Axis of Inflorescence is the peduncle. The peduncle is a stem supporting an inflorescence. The peduncle is a stem, usually green, though some peduncles are more or less florally colored or neutral in color, having no particular pigmentation. In some species, peduncles are leafless, though others bear small leaves, or even cataphylls, at nodes, such leaves generally may be regarded as bracts.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
Match the columns and choose the correct option from the following.
A
Macrosclereids
1
Hair like cells in roots of
Monstera
B
Osteosclereids
2
Bone like cells xerophytes
C
Astrosclereids
3
Star shaped cells in hygrophytes
D
Trichosclereids
4
Stone like cells in seed coat of
Fabaceae
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0%
A- 4, B- 2, C- 3, D- 1
0%
A- 4, B- 3, C- 2, D- 1
0%
A- 4, B- 2, C- 1, D- 3
0%
A- 2, B- 4, C- 3, D- 1
Explanation
Macrosclereids are elongated sclerieds usually found in outer layer of seed coat of legume seeds. These cells are responsible for restricting water uptake by hard seeded legumes. These are found in Fabaceae.
Osterosclereids are columnar cells similar to macrosclereids, except they are enlarged at the ends making them bone shaped. They are present in xerophytes.
Astrosclereids are branched, pointed, irregular (often star shaped) sclereids. They can be found in specialized tissues, like the floating leaves of water lily, hygrophytes.
Trichosclereids are uncommon cells. They can be found in the leaves of olive and the areal roots of Swiss cheese plant (
Monstera
).
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Ochreate stipules occur in the family
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0%
Cruciferae
0%
Solanaceae
0%
Compositae
0%
Polygonaceae
Explanation
Ochreate stipules occur in the family Polygonaceae. The lateral appendages present at the leaf base are called as stipules. Stipules show wide range of structural diversity. Ochreate stipules form when the two stipule are fused to form a tube like structure.
Main function of stipules is to protect the leaf in the bud.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.
The edible part of turnip is
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0%
Modified adventitious roots
0%
Modified tap root
0%
Stem
0%
Underground stem
Explanation
The edible part of turnip is a modified tap root. Tap roots are modified into various structures called as modified tap root. These modified structures does food storage. The type of modified tap roots are fusiform, napiform, conical, tuberous, pneumatophores. The edible part of turnip is fusiform tap root, where the primary root of the system is swollen at the middle and tapers gradually at both the ends forming a spindle shaped structure.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.
A biparous cyme ending in uniparous cyme constitutes
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0%
Verticillaster
0%
Panicle
0%
Hypanthodium
0%
Cyathium
Explanation
A biparous cyme ending in uniparous cyme constitutes the verticillaster
.
Verticillaster inflorescence is an inflorescence in which the flowers are arranged in a seeming whorl, consisting in fact of a pair of opposite axillary, usually sessile, cymes, as in many mints. A verticillaster is a fascicle with the structure of a dichasium; it is common among the
Lamiaceae
. Many verticillasters with reduced bracts can form a spicate (spike-like) inflorescence that is commonly called as a spike.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
Verticillaster inflorescence occurs in
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0%
Solanaceae
0%
Cruciferae
0%
Fabaceae
0%
Labiatae
Explanation
Verticillaster inflorescence occurs in Labiatae. Verticillaster inflorescence is an inflorescence in which the flowers are arranged in a seeming whorl, consisting in fact of a pair of opposite axillary, usually sessile, cymes, as in many mints. A verticillaster is a fascicle with the structure of a dichasium; it is common among the Lamiaceae. Many verticillasters with reduced bracts can form a spicate (spike-like) inflorescence that is commonly called as a spike.
Which one of the following groups of plants produces fibres of economic importance?
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0%
Gossypium
,
Hibiscus
,
Crotalaria
0%
Gossypium
,
Cassia
,
Lycopersicum
0%
Gossypium
,
Brassica
,
Glycine
0%
Gossypium
,
Agave
,
Nicotiana
Explanation
Gossypium, Hibiscus
and
Crotalaria
plants produces fibres of economic importance. The principle economic use of Malvaceous plants is as a source of natural fibres, the family providing perhaps the world's 3 most important fibre crops. Plants of the family are also used for food, beverages, timber, in traditional medicine, and in horticulture.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
Which one of the following is of related type?
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0%
Catkin and Hypanthodium
0%
Raceme and Cyathium
0%
Corymb and umbel
0%
Verticillaster and spike
Explanation
Corymb and umbel are related. Indeterminate simple inflorescences are generally called as racemose.
A racemose corymb is an unbranched, indeterminate inflorescence that is flat-topped or convex due to their outer pedicels which are progressively longer than inner ones.
An umbel
is a type of raceme with a short axis and multiple floral pedicels of equal length that appear to arise from a common point.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C.
Zig-zag development of flower on inflorescence axis is
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0%
Cyathium
0%
Capitulum
0%
Helicoid cyme
0%
Scorpioid cyme
Explanation
Zig-zag development of flower on inflorescence axis is Scorpioid cyme. Determinate simple inflorescences are generally called as cymose. The main kind of cymose inflorescence is the cyme. Secondary buds develop alternately on the stem in a scorpioid cyme.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.
The function of root cap is __________.
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Protection of root tip and control of geotropic movement
0%
Storage of food products
0%
Absorption of nutrients
0%
All of the above
Explanation
The function of the root cap is to protect the root tip and control geotropic movement. The root cap is a section of tissue at the tip of a plant root. It is also called calyptra.
Root caps contain statocytes which help in gravity perception in plants. The root cap is also involved in the protection of the growing tip in plants. It secretes mucilage to ease the movement of the root through the soil and may also be involved in communication with the soil microbiota.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Quiescent centre theory for demonstrating apical organisation in root was proposed by
Report Question
0%
Schuepp
0%
Hanstein
0%
Clowes
0%
Nageli
Explanation
Plants roots have been studied extensively to understand its apical meristems. The studies show that the primary root meristem generates two tissues the main root axis that extends proximally towards the shoot and the root cap that goes down into the soil. The 2 dimensional longitudinal study shows that separate cell divisions take place at the leading edge of the root meristem generate a root cap which acts as a protective structure. Further studies by Clowes (1959) on the root apices and meristems shows the presence of quiescent centre at the heart of the meristem. This is a zone of relatively inactive and slow dividing cells that functions as a reserve to help the plant roots survive stress.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.
In racemose, flowers are arranged in
Report Question
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Acropetal succession
0%
Centrifugal order
0%
Centripetal order
0%
All of the above
Explanation
In racemose
,
flowers are arranged in Acropetal succession. Plant organs can grow according to two different schemes, namely monopodial or racemose and sympodial or cymose. In inflorescences these two different growth patterns are called as indeterminate and determinate respectively and indicate whether a terminal flower is formed and where flowering starts within the inflorescence. In Monopodial or racemose growth the terminal bud keeps growing and forming lateral flowers. A terminal flower is never formed.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
An edible inflorescence is
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0%
Brassica rapa
0%
Mustard
0%
Raphanus sativus
0%
Brassica oleracea
Explanation
An edible inflorescence is
Brassica oleracea. B. oleracea
is a tall biennial plant, forming a stout rosette of large leaves in the first year, the leaves being fleshier and thicker than those of other species of
Brassica
, adaptations to store water and nutrients in its difficult growing environment. In its second year, the stored nutrients are used to produce a flower spike.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.
Pedicellate flowers arising from a single point form
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0%
Umbel
0%
Cymose head
0%
Capitulum
0%
Verticillaster
Explanation
Pedicellate flowers arising from a single point form an umbel. An umbel
is a type of raceme with a short axis and multiple floral pedicels of equal length that appear to arise from a common point.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
Rat-ki-Rani and tomato belongs to family
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0%
Mimosoideae
0%
Oleaceae
0%
Solanaceae
0%
Malvaceae
Explanation
'Rat-ki-Rani' and tomato belongs to family Solanaceae
.
The Solanaceae
,
or nightshades, are an economically important family of flowering plants. The family ranges from annual and perennial herbs to vines, lianas, epiphytes, shrubs, and trees, and includes a number of important agricultural crops, medicinal plants, spices, weeds, and ornamental plants.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C.
Heroin is obtained from the plant of the family
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0%
Leguminosae
0%
Papaveraceae
0%
Liliaceae
0%
Solanaceae
Explanation
Heroin is obtained from the plant of the family Papaveraceae. The isoquinolinic alkaloids present in the family are well known. They are derived from berberine, tetrahydroberberine, protopine and benzophenanthridine in Papaveroideae.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
In the family
Caesalpinioideae, position of
odd sepal is
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0%
Anterior
0%
Posterior
0%
Anterio - posterior
0%
None of the above
Explanation
Caesalpinioideae is characterized by presence of 5 sepals, rarely four, which are mostly free and the anterior sepal is odd one. This makes them zygomorphic flowers which can be divided into two equal halves by one or more plane but not all vertical planes cut them into equal halves.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
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Practice Class 11 Medical Biology Quiz Questions and Answers
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