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CBSE Questions for Class 11 Medical Biology Plant Kingdom Quiz 18 - MCQExams.com
CBSE
Class 11 Medical Biology
Plant Kingdom
Quiz 18
Heterosporous pteridophytes show certain characteristics, which are precursors to the 'seed habit' in gymnosperms. One such characteristics is
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presence of vascular tissues
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external water required for fertilisation
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presence of embryo stage
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development of embryo inside the female gametophyte
Explanation
Genera like Selaginella and Salvinia which produce two kinds of spores, are known as heterosporous. The megaspores and microspores germinate and give rise to female and male gametophytes, respectively.The female gametophytes in these plants are retained on the parent sporophytes for variable periods. The development of the zygotes into young embryos take place within the female gametophytes. This event Is the precursor to the seed habit which is considered as an important step in evolution.
Hence the correct option is D.
Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the codes given below.
Column I
Column II
A.
Pteris
(i) Bryophyte
B.
Cedrus
(ii) Pteridophyte
C.
Sonchus
(iii) Gymnosperm
D.
Marchantia
(iv) Angiosperm
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A-(ii), B-(iii), C-(iv), D-(i)
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A-(ii), B-(i), C-(iv), D-(iii)
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A-(i), B-(iii), C-(iv), D-(ii)
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A-(iii), B-(iv), C-(ii), D-(i)
Explanation
(A)
Pteris
- Pteridophyte
(B)
Cedrus
- Gymnosperm
(C)
Sonchus
- Angiosperm
(D)
Marchantia
- Bryophyte
So, the correct answer is (a).
Select the correct pattern of arrangement of reproductive structures for gymnosperms.
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Spores $$\rightarrow$$ Sporophylls $$\rightarrow$$ Sporangia$$ \rightarrow$$ Strobili
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Spores $$\rightarrow$$ Sporangia $$\rightarrow$$ Sporophylls $$ \rightarrow$$ Strobili
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Sporangia $$\rightarrow$$ Sporophylls $$\rightarrow$$ Spores $$\rightarrow$$ Strobili
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Spores $$\rightarrow$$ Sporangia $$\rightarrow$$ Strobili $$\rightarrow$$ Sporophylls
Explanation
Gymnosperms are heterosporous, i.e., produce two different kinds of spores the male (microspores) and the female (megaspores). The spores are borne inside the sporangia. The two types of sporangia (microsporangia and megasporangia) are borne on special leaf- like structures called microsporophylls ($$=$$ stamens) and megasporophylls ($$=$$ carpels) respectively. The sporophylls are usually aggregated in the form of compact structures called cones or strobili. The cones are generally unisexual, i.e., the male cones are microsporangiate (pollen cones) and the female cones are megasporangiate (seed cones). So, the correct answer is 'Spores $$\rightarrow$$ Sporangia $$\rightarrow$$ Sporophylls $$ \rightarrow$$ Strobili'.
Which of the following organisms requires a medium through which male gametes move?
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Algae, Bryophyta and Gymnosperm
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Pteridophyta, and Angiosperm
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Bryophytea and Pteridophyta only
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Algae, Bryophyta, and Pteridophyta
Explanation
In simple plants like algae, bryophytes, and pteridophytes, water serve as the medium through which gamete transfer takes place.
A large number of male gametes fail to reach the female gametes.
Thus, to compensate for the loss of male gametes during transport, organisms produce male gametes several thousand times the number of female gametes produced.
Causative agent of red tide is ____________.
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Dinoflagellate
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Euglenoid
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Chrysophyte
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Lichen
Explanation
Correct option -A
Explanation for correct option -A
Red tides are caused by dinoflagellates.
Red tide is a common name for a phenomenon known as an algal bloom (large concentrations of aquatic microorganisms) when it is caused by a few species of dinoflagellates and the bloom takes on a red colour.
Thus red tides are events in which estuarine, marine or freshwater algae accumulate rapidly in the water column, resulting in red colouration of water.
Which of the following is not extinct?
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Pelycosaurs.
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Therapsids.
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Thecodont reptiles.
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Sphenopsida.
While studying a plant, you discover that it has chlorophyll, no xylem. Its multicellular sex organs are enclosed in a layer of jacket cells. Its gametophyte Stage is free living. The plant probability belongs to ____.
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Chlorophyceae
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Bryophyte
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Pteridophyte
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Gymnosperm
Explanation
The life cycle of higher plants is dominated by the sporophyte stage, with the gametophyte borne on the sporophyte.
In ferns, the gametophyte is free-living and very distinct in structure from the diploid sporophyte.
Pteridophytes also have their multicellular sex organs covered in the multicellular jacket layer.
So the correct answer is '
Pteridophyte'
Select the incorrect statement regarding reproduction in Rhodophyceae.
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Asexual reproduction occurs by non-motile spores.
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Sexual reproduction occurs by motile gametes.
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Sexual reproduction is oogamous.
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Complex post-fertilisation developmental events occur
Explanation
Rhodophyceae are red algae found majorly in the marine environment with a small percentage of freshwater species.
Asexual reproduction occurs through non-motile spores like monospore, tetraspore, etc.
Sexual reproduction is an advanced oogamous type where the male gamete, the spermatium is non-motile. It reaches the female reproductive structure the carpogonium and reaches the egg or the oogonium through a structure called the trichogyne.
Fertilization is facilitated by water currents as none of the gametes are motile. The post-fertilization changes in Rhodophyceae are complex giving rise to triphasic life cycles.
So, the correct answer is option B.
The members of Phaeophyceae or brown algae are found primarily in / on
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freshwater
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marine habitat
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terrestrial habitat
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rock
Explanation
Brown algae or Phaeophyta "include" about 2000 species. Most of the them are marine except few, e.g., Pleuroctadia, Heribandiella and Bodanella, which are found in freshwater in European countries.
Spore dispersal in mosses occurs by-
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Simple mechanism
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Peristome teeth
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Elaters
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Elatophores
Explanation
In the moss capsule, dispersal of spores takes place through peristomial teeth.
When the mature capsule begins to dry up the thin-walled cells of the annulus break and the operculum is thrown away.
Dropping off the operculum is assisted by the outward hygroscopic movement of the underlying peristomial teeth.
Due to this movement, slits between the inner thin-walled peristomial teeth become wider and spores escape gradually through these slits.
Elaters are elastic filaments serving to disperse spores in liverworts.
Elaterophores are tissues bearing elaters, found in some liverworts.
So, the correct answer is option B.
The number of division with the plants having vascular is _______.
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$$4$$
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$$2$$
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$$1$$
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$$3$$
Explanation
A widely used classification of vascular plants has recognized four divisions: psilopsida, lycopsida, sphenopsida pteropsida. Thus the correct option is A.
Clayptra develops from_____
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Ventral wall of oognium
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Ventral wall of archegonium
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Outgrowth of gametophyte
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Neck wall of archegonium
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Paraphysis of the archegonial branch.
Explanation
The embryonic sporophyte is often protected by a calyptra, a covering that develops from the wall of the archegonium. The calyptra is, therefore, a very close covering over the embryonic sporophyte.
So, the correct option is 'Ventral wall of archegonium'.
Which one of the following photosynthetic pigment is called bili proteins?
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Chlorophyll a
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Chlorophyll b
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Phycobilin
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Carotenoids
Explanation
Green chromoproteins are called as biliproteins. It is a photosynthetic pigment found in many insects such as grasshopper. It is derived from the biliverdin, bile pigment. Phycobilin are found attached to the biliproteins.
Thus, the correct answer is 'Phycobilin.'
A group of plants which are autotrophs their sex organs are non- jacketed and whose zygotes secretes thick wall are called :
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Phycophytes
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Lichens
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Bryophytes
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Thallophytes
Explanation
In thallophytes, sex organs are unicellular. non jacketised. Sexual reproduction leads to the formation of zygote, later it secrets a thick wall and form into a zygospore.
So, the correct option is 'Thallophytes'.
Which algae is chew as tobacco in Scotland?
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Porphyra
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Rodimenia palmata
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Chlorella
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Spirogyra
Explanation
Porphyra is a seaweed that grows in cold water, shallow seawater which is used as a chew as tobacco in Scotland.
So the correct option is 'Porphyra.'
Which of the following statement is incorrect regarding bryophytes?
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The female sex organ is flask shaped
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The antherozoids are released into water
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The antherozoids are biflagellate
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Zygote formed undergoes meiosis immediately
Explanation
Zygote formed In bryophytes is the beginning of the sporophytic generation.
It will repeatedly divide through mitosis and later differentiate to form a sporophytic plant body. Sporophyte comprises of stalk and capsule in case of bryophytes. Sporangium is present within the capsule that contains spore mother cells which will undergo meiosis to form haploid spores. Later these spores germinate to produce a gametophytic body.
So, the correct option is D.
Mark the correct statement with respect to the plant diagram given below:
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These show symbiotic association with BGA.
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These are the fungal hyphae.
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These are the nodules of legumes.
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These are roots of mangroves.
What is cause of 'forest' decline?
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Acid loving moss
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Deforestation
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Pollution
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Climate Change
Identify the diagram shown as well as the related right class and name of sex organs and select the right option.
Name of Organism
Class
$$(1)$$
Acetabularia
Rhodoplayceae
$$(2)$$
Chlamydomonas
Chlorophyceae
$$(3)$$
Chara
Chlorophyceae
$$(4)$$
Chara
Phaeophyceae
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1
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2
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3
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4
Explanation
The given diagram is of chara. It is a green algae and belongs to the class- chlorophyceae.
It is a monoecious plant means have both male and female sex organ on the same plant. Upper part of flower is a female sex organ known as Oogonium and lower part of flower which is circular in shape is a male sex organ and known as Antheridium.
Arrange the following events of life cycle of bryophytes in correct sequence :-
I. Germination of spore
II. Gametes formation
III. Formation of Gametophyte
IV. Fertilization
V. Embryo formation
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I, III, IV, V, II
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II, IV, I, V, III
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III, II, IV, V, I
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V, I, II, III, IV
Explanation
Correct option -C
Explanation for correct option -C
1. Formation of Gametophyte- Gametophyte is the haploid(n) state in the life cycle
2. Gametes formation- Gametes are formed through meiosis (reduction division).
3. Fertilization- The male and female gametes fuse and producing diploid cells.
4. Embryo formation- Embryonic development starts after the fertilization of an egg cell by a sperm cell.
5. Germination of spore- The spores germinate to give rise to the new plant.
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