CBSE Questions for Class 11 Medical Biology The Living World Quiz 5 - MCQExams.com

Solution

Correct answer is option B.
Explanation for correct option:

• The taxonomic hierarchy includes eight ranks from general classification to specific classification: Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species.
• The tiger is the largest living cat species. The scientific name of the tiger is Panthera tigris.

 Explanation of incorrect options:

• Flies belong to the order Diptera.
• Cuttlefish are classified under class Cephalopod.
• Humans are classified under the family Hominidae. 

• Pliny the Elder introduced the first system of artificial classification. His book Historia Naturalis, mentions over 1,000 economic/ medicinal plants with about 2,000 items.
  
• Andrea Cesalpino was an Italian physician, philosopher and botanist. In his works he classified plants according to their fruits and seeds rather than alphabetically or by medicinal properties. 
• Oswald Tippo was an American botanist. He wrote the widely used textbook  "College Botany". 
• Linnaeus was a Swedish botanist, who is popularly known as The Father of taxonomy and became famous with his books Systema Naturae, Species Plantarum. 

• "Systema Naturae", is the book written by Linnaeus which describes 4326 species of animals and he introduced the Linnaean taxonomy and popularly known as  The Father of taxonomy. 
  
• "Philosophia Botanica", is also written by Linnaeus which is the first textbook of descriptive systematic botany which became basic in the taxonomy. 
•  "Historia Plantarum", is the book written by Theophrastus, who is considered as The Father of botany, was a Greek philosopher.
  

• Each unit or category of classification is termed as a taxon.  It represents a rank. The basic unit of taxonomy is the species. 
• In biological classification taxonomic rank is the relative level of a group of organisms in a taxonomic hierarchy. 
• There are seven main taxonomic ranks and they are arranged as follows: Species --> Genus --> Family --> Order --> Class --> Phylum/ division --> kingdom. 
  

• Charaka Samhita is a Sanskrit text on Ayurveda. It describes ancient theories on the human body, etiology, and therapeutics for a wide range of diseases that was written by Charaka.
• Systema Naturae is the book written by Linnaeus that describes various species of animals and he is popularly known as the Father of taxonomy with his great knowledge.
• Species Plantarum is the book written by Linnaeus in 1753 which became the starting point for the nomenclature of plants, as no names are recognized prior to that.
• So the correct option is Species Plantarum.

• Whittaker's idea was that the total species diversity in a landscape is the gamma diversity and is determined by two different things, the mean species diversity in sites or habitats at a more local scale is an alpha diversity and the differentiation among those habitats is the beta diversity. 
• Alpha diversity was defined by Whittaker (1972) as the species richness of a place. However, the practical development of this concept led to redefining the alpha diversity on the basis of the structure of the community. 

• Herbarium sheet is a repository of preserved and labeled plant specimens that serve easy access and archival storage. The collected specimens are pressed and dried plants and then pasted or sewn to a sheet of heavy paper together with a data label. 
• The useful information including the plant's Latin name, the origin of the collection, the date of collection and the name of the collector is mentioned on the label.
•  Herbarium sheets are all of the standard size, i.e., 29 cm x 41.5 cm (11.41” x 16.34”).