CBSE Questions for Class 11 Medical Biology The Living World Quiz 6 - MCQExams.com

• The Calico Museum of Textiles is located in the city of Ahmedabad in the state of Gujarat.
• It was founded by famed industrialist Gautam Sarabhai and his sister Gira Sarabhai.
• Calico Museum of textiles is the finest textile museum in the world.
  
• So, the correct answer is 'Calico museum of textile'

The smallest unit of classification is known as species, which is a group of closely related organisms who can interbreed and produce fertile offspring. The organisms in a species share a genetic heritage.

The correct answer is A.

• Biodiversity refers to the different species of flora and fauna present in an area. 
• It is a term coined to describe the immense variety and richness of life on this planet. 
• The word was coined in 1985 and during the 1990s has become very widely used in scientific circles. 

• Viruses didn't find a place in classification since they are not truly living. 
• They are non cellular organisms that are characterised by having an inert crystalline structure outside the living cell.
  
• So, the correct option is 'None of the above'.

• There are seven main taxonomic ranks: kingdom, phylum or division, class, order, family, genus, species. 
• The hierarchy is Division $$\rightarrow$$ Class $$\rightarrow$$ Order $$\rightarrow$$ Family $$\rightarrow$$ Genus $$\rightarrow$$Species.
• So, the correct answer is option D.

• Niche means the function and the position of a species within an ecological community. In ecology a niche is the fitness of a species living under specific environmental conditions to the other closely related species within the same broad taxonomic class. 
• Ecological niche models have a wide range of biological applications, particularly in conservation. 
• A species niche includes all of its interactions with the biotic and abiotic factors of its environment.

• Each unit or category of classification is termed as a taxon. It represents a rank. 
•  Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus is regarded as the Father of taxonomy,  as he developed a system known as Linnaean taxonomy for categorization of organisms and binomial nomenclature for naming organisms.
• The term taxonomy was originally coined by Augustin Pyramus de Candolle in 1813. Linneaus is 'The Father of Plant Taxonomy'.
• The basic unit or smallest taxon is the species. In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank, as well as unit of biodiversity.

• Systematics could be a path to know the biological process interrelationships of living things, making interpretation and therefore the method during which life has diversified and adjusted over time.
•  In different words, systematics may be termed as a technique that includes identification, nomenclature, relationship, and classification of living organisms.

• Taxonomic hierarchy is the process of arranging various groups, classes, and other categories into successive levels of the biological classification in a sequence either from kingdom to species or vice versa.
• Each of these levels of the hierarchy is called the taxonomic category or rank.
• So the correct option is the 'sequential arrangement of all categories for the classification of organisms'.

Correct Option: B

Explanation:

• Species contain a group of individuals that have common fundamental similarities.
• Genus contains a group of related species.
• Tribe is a rank that lies between genus and family.
• Family has a group of related genera.
• Order has a group of related families.
• Class comprises of related orders.
• Division is a rank equivalent to phylum.

Hence, the correct sequence of taxonomic categories is division, class, order, family, tribe, genus, species.

• A taxonomic group or any rank in a biological classification into which related organisms are classified, such as a species, family, or class is known as a taxon. Each level or unit is called a taxon and it has standardized endings. Rank refers to the level in the hierarchy. A taxon is a taxonomic group of the taxonomic unit.
• The term taxon was first used in 1926 by Adolf Meyer-Abich for animal groups, as a back-formation from the word taxonomy. Each taxon represents a single species, except where the number of taxa is given in parentheses. The  Kingdom is the most inclusive group and the species is the least inclusive group.
• Taxa are arranged in a hierarchy from kingdom to subspecies, a given taxon ordinarily including several taxa of lower rank. Rules for naming the various taxa are the province of Biological nomenclature.

• The term species was coined by John Ray. This is a fundamental and basic unit of biological classification which can exchange genes. They can interbreed among themselves. The process of mutation and genetic recombination can cause variation within the species. 

• The term 'New systematics', proposed by Sir Julian Huxley and he is considered as Father of new systematics. 
• Charles Darwin explained the Natural selection. 
• The term phylogeny is coined by Ernst Haeckel
• The term taxonomy originally coined by Augustin Pyramus de Candolle 
• So, the correct option is 'New systematic'. 

• Genus is a group or assemblage of related species which resemble one another in certain Correlated characters. Correlated characters are those similar or common features which are used in the delimitation of a taxon above the rank of species. Lion, Tiger, Leopard, Jaguar are closely related species which have been placed in the genus Panthera.
• The family is a taxonomic category which contains one or more related genera. All the genera of a family have some common features or Correlated characters. For example, The genera of cats (Felis) and leopard (Panthera) are included in the family Felidae.
• Adding the suffix -'idae' to the type generic name forms the name of the family e.g. adding the suffix 'idae' to the type Generic name 'Homo' gives the name of the Family to which man belongs - Hominidae. 
• Hence the word Felidae is the family of the tiger having the generic name felis. So the correct option is family.