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CBSE Questions for Class 12 Engineering Chemistry Aldehydes,Ketones And Carboxylic Acids Quiz 3 - MCQExams.com
CBSE
Class 12 Engineering Chemistry
Aldehydes,Ketones And Carboxylic Acids
Quiz 3
$${ CH }_{ 3 }CH=CHCHO$$ is oxidised to $${ CH }_{ 3 }-CH=CHCOOH$$, using oxidising agent as :
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alkaline $$KMn{ O }_{ 4 }$$
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$${ K }_{ 2 }{ Cr }_{ 2 }{ O }_{ 7 }/conc.{ H }_{ 2 }{ SO }_{ 4 }$$
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ammoniacal $$Ag{ NO }_{ 3 }$$
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dilute4 $$H{ NO }_{ 3 }$$
Explanation
$$CH_3CH=CHCHO+[O]\rightarrow CH_3-CH=CHCOOH$$
on analyzing above reaction we find that we have to use that oxidizing agent which retain the double bond and oxidized $$-CHO$$ into $$-COOH.$$
Now,
we have Option A,B,and D are strong oxidizing agent which can oxidised $$-CHO as \ well \ as \ double$$
Thus, we will use mild oxidising agent $$ammonical\ AgNO_3(Tollen's\ reagent)$$ to carry out above reaction.
In which of the following delocalisation of $$\pi$$-electrons is possible?
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$$CH_2=CH-CH_2-CHO$$
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$$CH_2=CH-CH=O$$
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$$CH_2=CH_2$$
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$$CH_2=CH-CH_2-CH=CH_2$$
IUPAC name of the given compound is:
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Methyl salicylate
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2 - hydroxy-methylbenzoate
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Methyl - o - hydroxybenzoate
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Methyl - 2 - hydroxy salicylate
An organic compound $$x$$ which is used as a preservative in pickles on reaction with another organic compound $$y$$ used in the tincture in the presence of an acid gives a product which is a sweet-smelling substance $$z$$.
$$x , y , z$$ respectively are:
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Ethanoic Acid, Ethanol, Ethyl Acetate
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Ethanol, Propanoic Acid, Ethyl Ethanoate
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Ethanol, Carbolic Acid, Ethyl Ethanoate
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None of the above
Reactivity of alkenes towards HX decreases in the order -
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Butene > Propene > Ethene
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Butene > Ethene > Propene
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Ethene > Propene > Butene
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None of these
Give a decreasing order of the following towards NA reaction.
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$$( I ) > ( I I ) > ( I I ) > ( I V )$$
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$$( I V ) > ( I I I ) > ( I I ) > ( I )$$
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$$( I I ) > (I I I ) > ( I V ) > ( I )$$
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$$( I ) > ( I V ) > ( I I ) > ( I I )$$
Molecular formula $$C_{5}H_{10}O$$ can have:
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6- Aldehyde, 4- Ketone
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5- Aldehyde, 3- Ketone
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4- Aldehyde, 3- Ketone
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5- Aldehyde, 2- Ketone
Which of the following has maximum enol content ?
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$$CH_3CHO$$
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$$CH_3COCH_2CHO$$
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Arrange the following in increasing order of their $$pK_a$$ values.
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$$y\lt x\lt z$$
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$$x\lt y\lt z$$
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$$y\lt z\lt x$$
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$$x\lt z\lt y$$
Acetaldehyde reacts with $$PCl_{5}$$ to give:
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ethyl chloride
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ethylene chloride
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ethylidene dichloride
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trichloroacetaldehyde
Which substance is used in leather industry?
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Methanoic acid
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Ethanoic acid
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Benzoic acid
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Pentanoic acid
Among the following achiral amino acid is:
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Ethylalanine
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Methylglycine
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2 - Hydroxymethylserine
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Tryptohan
Which is/are examples of organic compounds containing the carbonyl group?
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Aldehydes
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Ketones
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Carboxylic acid
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All of these
Which of the following compound does not react with sodium bisulphite?
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Benzaldehyde
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Acetophenone
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Acetone
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Acetaldehyde
Which of the following is correct for $$K_{a}$$ values. ( Acidic strength )
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$$CH_{3}CO_{2}H > CH_{3}CH_{2}OH$$
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$$H_{2}O > C_{2}H_{5}OH > NH_{3} > HC \equiv CH > CH_{2}\equiv CH_{2} > CH_{3}- CH_{3}$$
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$$HCOOH > CH_{3}-COOH > PhCOOH$$
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None of these
Lowest $$pK_{a}$$ is associated with
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Which is the best method for carrying out the following reaction ?
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$$^+COOH;HN{ O }_{ 3 }/{ H }_{ 2 }{ SO }_{ 4 }$$
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$${ CH }_{ 3 }Cl/Al{ Cl }_{ 3 };HN{ O }_{ 3 }/{ H }_{ 2 }{ SO }_{ 4 };KMn{ O }_{ 4 }/{ H }^{ + },heat$$
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$${ CH }_{ 3 }Cl/Al{ Cl }_{ 3 };KMn{ O }_{ 4 }/{ H }^{ + },heat;HN{ O }_{ 3 }/{ H }_{ 2 }{ SO }_{ 4 }$$
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$${ HNO }_{ 3 }/{ H }_{ 2 }{ SO }_{ 4 };CH_{ 3 }Cl/AlCl_{ 3 };KMnO_{ 4 }/{ H }^{ + },heat$$
Reaction of aldehydes and ketones with which reagent gives oxime?
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$${ NH }_{ 2 }-{ NH }_{ 2 }$$
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$${ NH }_{ 3}$$
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$${ C }_{ 6 }{ H }_{ 5 }-NH-{ NH }_{ 2 }$$
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$${ NH }_{ 2 }OH$$
$$CH_{ 3 }-CH_{ 2 }-CHO\xrightarrow [ 2)\left( CH_ 3CO \right) _{ 2 }O,\ 3)H_{ 3 }O^{ + } ]{ 1)NH_{ 2 }OH/\Delta } 'X'$$ Then 'X' is
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$$CH_3COOH$$
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$$CH_3-CH_2-COOH$$
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$$CH_3CONH_2$$
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$$CH_3CH_2CHO$$
Which of the following statement is not true?
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Aldehyde and ketone give nucleophilic addition reactions.
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Aldehyde and ketone give electrophilic addition reactions.
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Aldehyde and ketones possess a polar carbonyl group.
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Aldehydes and ketones having lower molar mass are soluble in water due to H-bond.
Which of the following is an example of nucleophilic addition reaction?
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$$CH\equiv CH+Cl_2\rightarrow CHCl=CHCl$$
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$$CH\equiv CH \xrightarrow{HCl,CH_3COOH}CH_2=CHCl$$
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$$CH\equiv CH\xrightarrow{NaNH_2}CH\equiv C^-Na^+$$
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$$CH\equiv CH+H_2O\xrightarrow{H^+, Hg^{2+} / \Delta}CH_3CHO$$
$$p{K_a}$$ value is least for:
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The systematic name of $$(CH_{ 3 })_{ 2 }CH-COOH$$
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2-Propanoic acid
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Isobutanoic acid
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2-Methyl propanoic acid
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2-Methyl butanoic acid
IUPAC name of $$\ { CH }_{ 3 }CH_{ 2 }CH_{ 2 }COCH_{ 3 }$$ is
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2-pentanone
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Pentan-2-one
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Pentanone-2
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all the above
Which one is most reactive towards nucleophilic addition reaction?
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In the following sequence of reactions $$Toluene \xrightarrow{KMnO_4} A \xrightarrow{SOCl_2} B \xrightarrow[BaSO_4]{H_2/ Pd}C$$; then product $$C$$ is:
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$$C_6H_5COOH$$
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$$C_6H_5CH_3$$
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$$C_6H_5CH_2OH$$
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$$C_6H_5CHO$$
Explanation
The oxidation of toluene with $$KMnO_4$$ gives benzoic acid.
Thionyl chloride converts carboxylic group to acid chloride.
Reaction with hydrogen in presence of palladium and barium sulphate gives benzaldehyde.
Option D is correct.
The IUPAC name of the following compound is :
$$H_{ 3 }C-\overset { \overset { CH_{ 3 } }{ | } }{ C } H-\overset { \overset { OH }{ |} }{ C }H -CH_2-COOH$$
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2-Methyl-3-hydroxypentan-5-oic-acid
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4,4-Dimethyl-3-hydroxy butanoic acid
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3-Hydroxy-4-methylpentanoic acid
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4-Methyl-3- hydroxypentanoic acid
Explanation
Solution:- (C) $$3$$-Hydroxy-$$4$$-methylpetanoic acid
$$\underset { 5 }{ C } H_{ 3 }-\overset { \overset { CH_{ 3 } }{ | } }{ \underset { 4 }{ C } } H-\underset { \underset { OH }{ | } }{ \overset { 3 }{ C } } H-{ \overset { 2 }{ C } H_{ 2 } }-\overset { 1 }{ C } OOH$$
Pyruvic acid is obtained by:
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oxidation of acetaldehyde cyanohydrin
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oxidation of formaldehyde cyanohydrin
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oxidation of acetone cyanohydrin
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None of the above
Explanation
Acetaldehyde with HCN gives acetaldehyde cyanohydrin
$$C{ H }_{ 3 }CHO+HCN\longrightarrow C{ H }_{ 3 }CH(CN)-OH$$
on oxidation it gives,
$$C{ H }_{ 3 }CH(CN)-OH\longrightarrow { CH }_{ 3 }CH(OH)-COOH$$
$$\\ \\ { CH }_{ 3 }CH(OH)-COOH\longrightarrow C{ H }_{ 3 }C(COOH)=O$$
gives pyruvic acid.
$$(1)$$ $$C_6H_5-\overset{O}{\overset{||}{C}}-C_6H_5$$
$$(2)$$ $$C_6H_5-CHO$$
$$(3)$$ $$p-CH_3-C_6H_4-CHO$$
$$(4)$$ $$p-CH_3O-C_6H_4-CHO$$
Correct order for nucleophilic addition reaction.
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$$2 > 1 > 3 > 4$$
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$$4 > 3 > 2 > 1$$
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$$2 > 3 > 4 > 1$$
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$$4 > 2 > 3 > 1$$
Explanation
Reactivity of carbonyl compounds towards nucleophilic addition reaction depends on the presence of substituted group. Aldehydes are more reactive than ketone for nucleophilic addition reaction.
Electron withdrawing $$\left( -I, -M \right)$$ group increased reactivity towards nucleophilic addition reaction.
As the $$-OCH_3$$ and $$CH_3$$ groups shows $$+R$$ and $$+I$$ effect hence the reactivity decreases.
Thus the correct order is-
$$2 > 3 > 4 > 1$$
Find the product of the given reaction:
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Which of the following is IUPAC name of compound?
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1, 4-dichloro-2, 6-dioxo-4-carboxyl-1-oic acid
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2, 4-dioxo-1, 4-dichlorohexane-1-carboxylic acid
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1, 4-dichloro-2, 4, 6-dioxoxyxlohexane-1-carboxylic acid
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1, 4-dichloro-4-formyl-2, 6-dioxo cyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid
The carbonyl carbon is:
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electrophilic
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nucleophilic
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amphoteric
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lewis base
Explanation
The carbon-oxygen double bond is polarised due to higher electronegativity of oxygen relative to carbon. Hence, the carbonyl carbon is an electrophilic (lewis acid) and carbonyl oxygen is, a nucleophilic (lewis base) centre.
Which of the following is the functional group for carboxylic acids?
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-OH
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Ethanoic acid is obtained by the ..... of ethanol.
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Combustion
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Oxidation
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Reduction
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Subsitution
Explanation
Alcohols get oxidised to carboxylic acids with the help of alkaline $$KMnO_4$$ or acidified $$K_2Cr_2O_7$$.
$$C_2H_5OH\frac {Alk.\ KMnO_4}{\text {or Acidic} \ K_2Cr_2O_7}CH_3COOH$$
Ethanoic acid is obtained by the oxidation of ethanol.
$$HCHO\xrightarrow [ ]{ Reduction } A\xrightarrow [ ]{ P\quad and\quad { I }_{ 2 } } B\xrightarrow [ ]{ KCN } C\xrightarrow [ ]{ Hydrolysis } D$$
What is $$D$$?
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Acetic acid
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Ethylamine
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Acetamide
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None of these
Explanation
$$\underset { methanal }{ HCHO } \xrightarrow [ ]{ Reduction } \underset { methanol\\ (A) }{ { CH }_{ 3 }OH } \xrightarrow [ ]{ P+{ I }_{ 2 } } \underset { methyl\quad iodide\\ (B) }{ { CH }_{ 3 }I } \xrightarrow [ ]{ KCN } \underset { methyl\quad cyanide\\ (C) }{ { CH }_{ 3 }CN } \xrightarrow [ ]{ Hydrolysis } \underset { acetic\quad acid\\ (D) }{ { CH }_{ 3 }COOH } $$
Lower aldehyde and ketones attributed to the formation of ______bonding with water molecules.
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Sigma bonding
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pii bonding
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Covalent bonding
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Hydrogen bonding
Explanation
Lower members of aldehydes and ketones are misible with water because they form hydrogen bonds with water. The carbonyl carbon is electrophillic (lewis acid) and carbonyl oxygen is nuceophillic (lewis base). The dipole movement of carbonyl compounds is due to the highly polar character of the carbonyl group.
Which of the following is the functional group for carboxylic acids?
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Explanation
The carboxyl functional group that caracterizes the carboxylic acid is unusual in that it is composed of two functional group : (1) the carboxyl group and (2) of a hydroxyl group bonded to a carbonyl group . It is often written in condensed form as $$–CO_2H$$ or $$–COOH$$.
In the presence of $$H_2SO$$ concentrated sulphuric acid, acetic acid reacts with ethyl alcohol to produce :
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Aldehyde
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Alcohol
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Ester
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Carboxylic acid
Explanation
$$CH_3COOH+C_2H_5OH\xrightarrow {CONC.H_2SO_4} CH_3COOC_2H_5+H_2O$$
(ester)
This reaction is known as esterification.
Ketones reacts with Mg - Hg over water and give:
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Alcohols
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pinacolones
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pinacols
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none of these
Explanation
Ketones reacts with Mg-Hg over water gives pinacols.
Hence, option C is correct.
Which has a smell of oil of winter green?
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Ethyl salicylate
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Methyl salicylate
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Benzaldehyde
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Phenyl salicylate
Explanation
Methyl salicylate (oil of wintergreen or wintergreen oil) is an organic compound with the formula $$C_6H_4(OH)(CO_2CH_3).$$ It is produced by many species of plants, particularly wintergreens. It is also produced synthetically, used as a fragrance, in foods and beverages, and in liniments.
In cold region during winter ______ freezes at room temperature itself and looks ice.
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Palmitic acid
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Linoleic acid
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Oleic acid
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Ethanoic acid
Explanation
Ethanoic Acid
freezes during
winters
and forms a glacier like appearance; therefore it is also sometimes referred to as glacial
acetic acid
and is a very common laboratory chemical.
The IUPAC name of the given compound is:
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4-pentanone
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Pentanone-2
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Pentan-2-one
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none of the above
Explanation
The correct IUPAC name is 2- Pentanone or Pentan-2-one. The parent hydrocarbon contains 5 $$C$$ atoms.
Hence the given compound is derivative of pentane. The second carbon atom has carbonyl group. Hence, $$e$$ from pentane is replaced with $$one $$ to obtain pentanone.
The position of carbonyl group is represented by number 2.
Option C is correct.
Functional group in saturated carboxylic acid is
:
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$$-COOH$$
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$$-CHO$$
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$$-OH$$
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$$-SO_{3}H$$
Explanation
Carboxylic acid: R- COOH
functional group is: -COOH
Hence, the correct option is $$\text{A}$$
$$CH_3CH_2Cl \xrightarrow {aq.\ KOH} X \xrightarrow {K_2Cr_2O_7/H^+} Y$$
Which of the following represents Y?
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Ethylene
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Acetic acid
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Acetylene
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Acetone
Explanation
$$C_2H_5Cl\xrightarrow []{aq.\,KOH}C_2H_5-OH$$
$$\xrightarrow[]{K_2Cr_2O_7,H^+}CH_3COOH$$
$$X$$: Ethanol
$$Y$$: Acetic acid
$$C_{6}H_{5}CONH_{2} \xrightarrow[\Delta]{H_{3}O^+} A + NH_{3}$$
In this reaction, $$A$$ is ___________.
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$$C_{6}H_{6}$$
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$$C_{6}H_{5}COOH$$
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$$C_{6}H_{5}NH_{2}$$
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$$C_{6}H_{5}CN$$
Explanation
When benzamide is hydrolyzed, it produces benzoic acid and ammonia.
The reaction is:
$$C_{6}H_{5}CONH_{2} \xrightarrow[\Delta]{H_{3}O^+} C_6H_5COOH + NH_{3}$$
.
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oxidation, chlorination
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reduction, chlorination
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oxidation, addition
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reduction, substtution
Explanation
The first step is oxidation with suitable oxidising agent $$(CrO_2Cl_2/CS_2)$$ that will convert alcohol to aldehyde.
Second step is chlorination that will substitute the hydrogen of aldehyde in the presence of $$(Cl_2/hv)$$.
General formula of saturated monocarboxylic acid is
:
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$$C_{n}H_{2n+1} COOH$$
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$$C_{n}H_{2n}O_{2}$$
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Both A and B
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None of the above
Explanation
Monocarboxylic acids are in the form of $$RCOOH$$.
Let's take examples,
For R is $$-H$$ or $$-CH_{3}$$,
a) $$HCOOH\to C_{1}H_{2}O_{2}$$ which is following $$C_n H_{2n} O_2$$ trend.
b) $$CH_{3}COOH\to C_{2}H_{4}O_{2}$$ which is also following $$C_n H_{2n} O_2$$ trend.
When R is other than $$-H$$ or $$-CH_{3}$$ group,
a) $$C_{2}H_{5}COOH\to C_{3}H_{6}O_{2}$$ which is following $$ C_n H_{2n+1} COOH$$ trend.
So, the general formula is both A & B, i.e., $$C_n H_{2n} O_2$$ and $$ C_n H_{2n+1} COOH$$.
Hence, both options A and B are correct.
Option C is correct.
Methyl cyanide on hydrolysis gives :
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acetic acid.
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acetaldehyde.
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acetone.
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methyl amine.
Explanation
Methyl cynide on hydrolysis gives Acetic Acid.
Hence option A is correct.
$$CH_{3}CH_{2}OH+O_{2}\xrightarrow[]{X}$$ Vinegar
In the above reaction, $$X$$ is:
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$$(CH_{3}COO)_{2}Mn$$
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$$CH_{3}COOH$$
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mycoderma aceti
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$$K_{2}Cr_{2}O_{7}/H^{\bigoplus}$$
A compound of general formula $$C_{n}H_{2n}O_{2}$$ could
be
:
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an acid
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a diketone
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an ether
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an aldehyde
Explanation
Formula i $$C_n H_{2n} O_2$$ (H is double of C)
i) $$acid: CH_3 COOH \cdot C_n H_{2n} O_2$$
diketane:
ether: $$CH_3 OCH_3\cdot single oxygen$$
aldehyde : $$ CH_3 CHO\cdot single oxygen$$
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