MCQ Questions for Class 12 Engineering Chemistry Chemistry In Everyday Life Quiz 3

Sodium chloride is used in soap industry for soap's __________ .

0%
decomposition
0%
removal of hardness
0%
precipitation
0%
None of the above

Allosteric sites on an enzyme are:

0%
those other than drug-active sites
0%
those which change the shape of active sites
0%
those which don't change the shape of active sites
0%
all of the above

Explanation

Some substances bind the enzyme at a site other than the active site. This other site is called the allosteric site. The allosteric site allows molecules to either activate or inhibit, or turn off, enzyme activity. These molecules bind the allosteric site and change the confirmation, or shape, of the enzyme.

Molecules that turn off enzymes are called allosteric inhibitors. Allosteric inhibitors change how the active site is shaped and prevents it from binding, or attaching, to the substrate.

Allosteric activators, on the other hand, make the enzyme more efficient. They change the shape of the enzyme, like allosteric inhibitors, but they make the enzyme better able to bind the substrate, instead of worse. This makes the enzyme do its job better.

Hence, the correct options are

$\text{A}$ and

$\text{B}$

Which of the following gases can be used for storage of fresh sample of an oil for a long time?

0%
Carbon dioxide or Oxygen
0%
Nitrogen or Oxygen
0%
Carbon dioxide or Helium
0%
Helium or Nitrogen

Saponification of ground nut oil yields glycerol and:

0%
palmitic acid
0%
sodium arachidate
0%
oleic acid
0%
stearic acid

Which one of the following is used as antihistamine?

0%
Norethindrone
0%
Chloranphenicol
0%
Diphenhydramine
0%
Omeprazole

Select the correct statement(s).

0%
Surface active agents posses surface activity to lower the surface area, i.e., to reduce the surface energy.
0%
Detergents possesses the property of surface activity and detergency.
0%
All the surfactants are detergents.
0%
Soaps are anionic class of surfactant.

Formula of soap is:

0%
$C_{16}H_{32}COO Na$
0%
$C_{17}H_{35}COO Na$
0%
$C_{17}H_{33}COO Na$
0%
$C_{17}H_{36}COO Na$

Explanation

Solution:- (B)

${C}_{17}{H}_{35}COONa$

Soaps are sodium or potassium salts of long-chain carboxylic acids.

The formula for soap is

${C}_{17}{H}_{35}COONa$ .

The saponification produce:

0%
soap
0%
oil
0%
fatty acid
0%
alcohals

In deodorant soaps, the additive added in deodorant is:

0%
glycerol
0%
stearic acid
0%
potassium bicaronate
0%
3, 4, 5-tribromosalicylaldehyde

Explanation

Soaps are salts of fatty acids which additives are added for specific reasons.

$3,4,5- tribromo$

$salicylaldehyde$ is used as a deodarant additive.

Commercial detergent contains mainly:

0%
$RCOONa$
0%
$RONa$
0%
$RSNa$
0%
$RSO_3Na$

Which of the following are used as an antacid to reduce acidity is stomach?

0%
Sodium carbonate and magnesium hygroxide
0%
Magnesium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide
0%
Sodium bicarbonate and calcium hydroxide
0%
Sodium bicarbonate and magnesium hydroxide

Explanation

Acidity of stomach has to be neutralized by a base, without affecting the cells of the body. So, sodium bicarbonate and magnesium hydroxide are helpful for that.

$NaHCO_3+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow$

(Neutralized)

$Mg(OH)_2+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+2H_2O$

The additive used in transparent soaps is:

0%
glycol
0%
pyrol
0%
methanol
0%
glycerol

Salts of alkylbenzene sulphonates are called:

0%
soaps
0%
detergents
0%
both $(A)$ and $(B)$
0%
None of the above

Assertion: Hard water consumes more soap.
Reason: The ion responsible for cleansing action is precipitated out by

$Ca^{2+}$ or

$Mg^{2+}$ ion.

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Assertion is correct but Reason is wrong.
0%
Assertion is correct but Reason is right.
0%
Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
0%
Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.

Explanation

Hard water consumes more soap because hard water contains dissolved salts of calcium, magnesium and other heavy metals and it does not form lather with soap readily, due to the reaction shown below.

$2RCOONa + Ca^{2+} \rightarrow (RCOO)_2 Ca + 2 Na^+$

Which one of the following is employed as a tranquilizer drug?

0%
Promethazine
0%
Valium
0%
Naproxen
0%
Mifepristone

Which of the following is used as a tranquilizer?

0%
Seconal
0%
Luminal
0%
Barbituric acid derivatives
0%
All of these

The class of drugs used for the treatment of stress is:

0%
analgesics
0%
antiseptic
0%
antihistamine
0%
tranquilizers

Which one of the following types of drugs reduces fever?

0%
Tranquilizer
0%
Antibiotic
0%
Antipyretic
0%
Analgesic

Which of the following molecular formulas corresponds to that of an unsaturated fatty acid?

0%
$C_{18}H_{35}COOH$
0%
$C_{16}H_{33}COOH$
0%
$C_{19}H_{39}COOH$
0%
$C_{17}H_{35}COOH$

Explanation

$C_{18}H_{35}COOH$ is an unsaturated fatty acid, which when heated up with concentrated sodium hydroxide, forms soap.

What is one environmental problem associated with the use of detergents?

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Global warming
0%
Eutrophication
0%
Erosion
0%
Photochemical smog

The major reason for treating severe emotional disorders with tranquilizers is to:

0%
reduce the neurotic syndrome
0%
prevent secondary complication
0%
prevent destructiveness by the client
0%
make the client more amenable to psychotherapy

Which of the following is an appropriate use of an anionic detergent?

0%
Dishwashing liquid
0%
Pine-o-clean
0%
Glass cleaners
0%
Powder for front-loading washing machines

Explanation

Anionic detergents are sodium salts of sulphonated long-chain alcohols or hydrocarbons. Alkyl hydrogen sulphates formed by treating long-chain alcohols with concentrated sulphuric acid are neutralised with alkali to form anionic detergents. Similarly, alkyl benzene sulphonates are obtained by neutralising alkyl benzene sulphonic acids with alkali

In anionic detergents, the anionic part of the molecule is involved in the cleansing action. Sodium salts of alkyl benzene sulphonates are an important class of anionic detergents.

They are mostly used for household work.

An appropriate use for an anionic detergent is in dish-washing liquid. Anionic detergent is typically used in laundry and automatic dishwasher detergents because they do not ionize in solution and thus, have no electrical charge. Aqueous liquid dish-washing detergent compositions are prepared that exhibit improved detergent performance and foam stability over a range of water hardness levels.

Hence, the correct option is

$\text{A}$

1473130_123663_ans_3f06fe894dfc4fd4ab9515e1eb2b9da6.PNG

Lye is used in soap-making. It is a concentrated solution of which ionic compound?

0%
$NaCl$
0%
$NaOH$
0%
$CuSO_4$
0%
$K_2CO_3$

Explanation

Lye is used in soap-making. It is a concentrated solution of

$NaOH$ . A lye is a liquid obtained by leaching ashes, or a strong alkali which is highly soluble in water producing caustic basic solutions. "Lye" is commonly the alternative name of sodium hydroxide.

An advantage of detergents over soaps is:

0%
detergents always contain heads
0%
detergents are biodegradable
0%
detergents are cheaper to make
0%
detergents do not precipitate in hard water

Which of the following is not an essential part of an emulsion?

0%
Dissolved salt
0%
Water
0%
Oil
0%
Emulsifier

Soaps cannot be used in hard water because they:

0%
contain sodium
0%
form precipitates
0%
create environmental problems
0%
create ozone depletion

What is the role of phosphate ion in a detergent?

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It reduces pH of the water
0%
It increases pH of the water
0%
It removes $Ca^{2+}$ and $Mg^{2+}$ ions from water that causes hardness
0%
It increases its solubility in water

Brine can be used to separate glycerol and soap because:

0%
glycerol is more soluble in brine than soap
0%
glycerol has a higher boiling point than soap
0%
soap forms ionic bonds with brine
0%
it is cheap

A good surfactant will have a:

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hydrophilic tail
0%
hydrophilic head and a long hydrophobic tail
0%
hydrophobic head and tail
0%
hydrophilic head and a short hydrophobic tail

Which of the following would be an appropriate use of a non-ionic detergent?

0%
Glass cleaners
0%
Toothpaste
0%
Liquid hand soap
0%
Powder for front-loading washing machines

Which of the following is a soap?

0%
$C_{17}H_{35}C_6H_4SO_3Na$
0%
$CH_3COONa$
0%
$C_{17}H_{35}COONa$
0%
$C_3H_8O_3$

Explanation

$C_{17}H_{35}COONa$ is a soap, named as sodium stearate. Soaps are substance used with water for washing and cleaning, made of a compound of natural oils or fats with sodium hydroxide or another strong alkali and typically having perfume and colouring added.

Which one of the following statement is correct about the given compound?

0%
An anionic surfactant
0%
A soap
0%
A non-ionic surfactant
0%
A cationic surfactant

A quantity of

$PCl_5$ was heated in

$10 dm^3$ vessel

$250^0C$

$PCl_5$ g)

$PCl_3$ (g) +

$Cl_2$ (g)

At equilibrium the vessel contains 0.1 mole of

$PCl_5$ and 0.2 mole of

$Cl_2$ . The equilibrium constant of the reaction is ?

0%
0.05
0%
0.02
0%
0.025
0%
0.04

Select correct statement(s).

0%
$^{131}I$ is used for the treatment of thyroid cancer
0%
$^{59}Co$ cannot be used for treatment of cancer
0%
$^{33}P$ is used for treatment of cancer
0%
Excessive use of radioactive elements cause cancer

Explanation

$^{131}I$ is used for the treatment of thyroid cancer

$^{59}Co$ cannot be used for treatment of cancer while

$^{50}Co$ is used to check cancer growth.

Excessive use of radioactive elements cause cancer.

$^{32}P$ is used for treatment of leukemia

$^{33}P$ is not used for treatment of cancer but used in various metabolic studies. It is used in life-science laboratories applications, in which lower energy beta emissions are advantageous such as DNA sequencing. Phosphorus-33 can be used to label nucleotides.

Household detergent cause water pollution.

0%
True
0%
False

Structures of Paracetamol is:

Explanation

The structure of paracetamol or

$N$ -acetyl-p- aminophenol is

Which of the following gases can be used for storage of a fresh sample of an oil for a long time?

0%
Carbon dioxide or oxygen
0%
Nitrogen or oxygen
0%
Carbon dioxide or helium
0%
Helium or nitrogen

Which of the following statements is wrong?

0%
All the detergents are surfactants.
0%
All the soaps are anionic class of detergents.
0%
Surfactants possess surface activity whereas detergents possess surface activity as well as cleansing action.
0%
All the surfactants are colloidal electrolytes.

The best type of soaps are generally prepared from:

0%
linseed oil
0%
coconut oil
0%
groundnut oil
0%
mustard oil

Which of the following are used as an antacid to reduce acidity in stomach?

0%
Sodium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide
0%
Magnesium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide
0%
Sodium bicarbonate and calcium hydroxide
0%
Sodium bicarbonate and magnesium hydroxide

Explanation

Acidity of stomach has to be neutralized by a base, without affecting or damaging the cells of the body.

$Ca(OH)_2$ is highly caustic while

$Mg(OH)_2$ is not, because it has very low solubility in water. Similarly,

$NaHCO_3$ is a weak base.

Thus,

$NaHCO_3$ and

$Mg(OH)_2$ are used as an antacid (against gastric acids like HCl).

$NaHCO_3\, +\, HCl\, \rightarrow\, NaCl\, +\, H_2O\, +\, CO_2\, \uparrow$

$Mg(OH)_2\, +\, 2HCl\, \rightarrow\, MgCl_2\, +\, 2H_2O$

Which is used in cancer chemotherapy?

0%
Cis-platin
0%
Zeisse's salt
0%
Both (a) and (b)
0%
None of these

Explanation

Cis-platin is used in cancer chemotherapy.
Cis-platin is cis-diamminodichloroplatinum(II) i.e.

$[Pt(NH_3)_2Cl_2]$

Antipyretics are medicinal compounds which :

0%
lowers body temperature
0%
relieves pain
0%
controls malaria
0%
can kill other organisms

Which of the following is not a target molecule for drug function in body?

0%
Carbohydrates
0%
Lipids
0%
Vitamins
0%
Proteins

Which of the following statements is correct?

0%
Some tranquilisers function by inhibiting the enzymes which catalyse the degradation of noradrenaline.
0%
Tranquilisers are narcotic drugs.
0%
Tranquilizers are chemical compounds, that do not affect the message transfer from nerve to receptor.
0%
Tranquilisers are chemical compounds, that can relieve pain and fever.

Polyethylene glycols are used in the preparation of which type of detergents?

0%
Cationic detergents
0%
Anioinc detergents
0%
Non-ionic detergents
0%
Soaps

Explanation

Polyethylene glycols (PEG) are used in the preparation of non-ionic detergents since they contain an

$-OH$ group, which is reactive and forms non-ionic detergent. Non-ionic detergents do not contain any ions. They are actually esters of high molecular mass alcohols obtained by reaction between polyethylene glycols and stearic acid.

The compound that causes general antidepressant action on the central nervous system belongs to the class of:

0%
analgesics
0%
tranquilizers
0%
narcotic analgesics
0%
antihistamines

Muddy water can be purified through coagulation by using :

0%
$\text{common slat}$
0%
$\text{alums}$
0%
$\text{sand}$
0%
$\text{lime}$

Which of the following is an example of liquid dishwashing detergent?

0%
$CH_3(CH_2)_{10} -CH_2OSO_3^-Na^+$
0%
0%
0%

The most useful classification of drugs for medicinal chemists is :

0%
on the basis of chemical structure
0%
on the basis of drug action
0%
on the basis of molecular targets
0%
on the basis of pharmacological effect

Explanation

Explanation

· Drug Classification on the basis of chemical nature: It is based on the chemical structure of a drug. Usually, drugs classified in this manner share similar pharmacological activity.

· Drug Classification on basis of drug action: Based on the action of the drug on a certain physiological process. For example, antihistamines block the action of histamine (which causes inflammation).

· Drug Classification on basis of molecular targets: Biomolecules on which drugs act are called molecular targets. The classification based on molecular targets is the most useful classification for medicinal chemists.
Because if the drug is target-specific then there will be better results. Some drugs target carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins.

· Drug Classification on basis of pharmacological effect: It is based on the pharmacological effect of the drug. It provides the whole range of drugs available for the treatment of a particular type of problem. For example, analgesics have a painkilling effect.

Correct Option: $C$ .

Which of the following are used as food preservative?

0%
Table salt
0%
Sodium hydrogen carbonate
0%
Cane sugar
0%
Benzoic acid

CBSE Questions for Class 12 Engineering Chemistry Chemistry In Everyday Life Quiz 3 - MCQExams.com

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Practice Class 12 Engineering Chemistry Quiz Questions and Answers

CBSE Questions for Class 12 Engineering Chemistry Chemistry In Everyday Life Quiz 3 - MCQExams.com

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Practice Class 12 Engineering Chemistry Quiz Questions and Answers

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