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CBSE Questions for Class 12 Engineering Chemistry Chemistry In Everyday Life Quiz 1 - MCQExams.com
CBSE
Class 12 Engineering Chemistry
Chemistry In Everyday Life
Quiz 1
Noradrenaline is a/an:
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neurotransmitter
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antidepressant
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antihistamine
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antacid
Explanation
Noradrenaline is a neurotransmitter and it belongs to catecholamine family that functions in brain and body as a hormone and neuro transmitter.
Which artificial sweetener contains chlorine?
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Sucralose
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Alitame
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Saccharin
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Aspartame
Explanation
Sucralose is the artificial sweetener which contains chlorine.
It is trichloro derivative of sucrose. It is $$600$$ times sweeter than the cane sugar.
The correct match between Item -I and Item- II is :
Item - I
Item - II
(A)
Chloroxylenol
(P)
Carbylamine Test
(B)
Norethindrone
(Q)
Sodium Hydrogen carbonate Test
(C)
Sulphapyridine
(R)
Ferric chloride test
(D)
Penicillin
(S)
Bayer's test
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$$A\rightarrow Q; \,\, B \rightarrow P; \,\,C\rightarrow S;\,\, D\rightarrow R$$
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$$A\rightarrow R; \,\, B \rightarrow P; \,\,C\rightarrow S;\,\, D\rightarrow Q$$
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$$A\rightarrow R; \,\, B \rightarrow S; \,\, C\rightarrow P;\,\, D\rightarrow Q$$
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$$A\rightarrow Q; \,\, B \rightarrow S; \,\, C \rightarrow P;\,\, D\rightarrow R$$
Which of the following compounds is not an antacid?
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Aluminium hydroxide
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Cimetidine
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Phenelzine
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Ranitidine
Explanation
Phenelzine (also known as Nardil) is an antidepressant drug (also known as tranquillizer).
Aluminium hydroxide, Cimetidine and Ranitidine are antacids.
Hence, option C is correct.
Artificial sweetener, which is stable under cold conditions only, is:
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saccharine
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sucralose
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aspartame
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alitame
Explanation
Aspartame is stable at cold conditions but unstable at cooking temperature. It is 100 times sweeter than the cane sugar.
Hence, it is used only in cold foods.
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Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion
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Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion
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Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect
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Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect
Explanation
Non-ionic detergents are used in dish washing liquids. Since the detergent does not have any ionic groups, it does not react with hard water ions but can remove grease and oil by micelle formation.
Hence, both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion.
Which one of the following is employed as antihistamine?
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Omeprazole
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Chloramphenicol
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Diphenyl hydramine
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Northindrone
Explanation
$$Explanation:$$
$$A]$$ Omeprazole is an antacid i.e. is used to treat acidity.
$$B]$$ Chloramphenicol is an antibiotic drug.
$$C]$$
Diphenyl hydramine is an antihistamine drug.
An antihistamine is a drug that suppresses
the activity of histamine receptors in the body.
$$D]$$
Norethindrone is an antifertility drug.
$$Final\ Answer:$$ O
ption $$C$$.
The important antioxidant used in food is:
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BHT
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BHC
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BTX
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All of the above
Explanation
Antioxidant is used in food to prevent it from oxidation and further deterioration. Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), also known as dibutyl hydroxytoluene, is commonly used as a food additive because of its antioxidant property.
Hence, option A is correct.
Veronal, a barbiturate drug, is used as a/an:
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antihistamine
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sedative
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antiseptic
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anti-malarial
Explanation
Veronal, a barbiturate drug, is used as a sedative. It is a derivative of barbituric acid and used to control hypertension and depression. It is hypnotic and induces sleep.
Hence, option B is correct.
Name two $$\alpha$$-amino acids, which form a dipeptide, which is 100 times more sweet than cane sugar?
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Aspartic acid
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Alanine
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Serine
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Phenylalanine
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Tryptophan
Explanation
Aspartame is the artificial sweetener, which is 100 times more sweet than cane sugar. It is methyl ester of dipeptide formed from aspartic acid and phenylalanine.
Substances which the bring body temperature down are known as:
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Antipyretics
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Analagin
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Antibiotics
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Hypnotics
Explanation
Antipyretics are substances that reduce fever. Antipyretics cause the hypothalamus to override an interleukin-induced increase in temperature. The body then works to lower the temperature, resulting in a reduction of fever.
Which of the following is an antacid?
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$$Mg(OH)_{2}$$
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$$Al(OH)_{3 }$$ gel
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$$MgCO_{3}$$
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All of the above
Explanation
All are antacids, as all these have a strong affinity for hydronium $$(H_3O^+)$$ ion in their solutions, hence neutralising the effects of gastric acids in the stomach.
Four samples of arhar dal were taken in four test tubes with some water in each and
labelled P,Q, R and S. A few drops of the following were added to these test tubes,
water to test tube P, HCl to test tube Q, NaOH to test tube R and alcohol to test tube S.
We would be able to confirm adulteration of the dal with metanil yellow in test tubes :
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Q
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Q and R
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R and S
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S and P
Explanation
Metanil yellow adulteration in foods can be identified upon addition of HCl to the solution.
As HCl with metanil yellow gives pink colour.
Therefore, the adulteration could be confirmed only in test tube Q.
Hence the correct option is A.
Equanil is a/an _____
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artificial sweetener
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tranquilizer
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antihistamine
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antifertility drug
Explanation
Equanil, also known as Meprobamate, is a tranquilizer.
Detergents with branched hydrocarbon chains are less likely to be:
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biodegradable
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synthetic
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sulfonates
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effective
Explanation
Detergents with branched hydrocarbon chains are less likely to be biodegradable, that is they are not broken down by the bacteria easily. Thus, they cause water and soil pollution. All the soaps, on the other hand, are
biodegradable.
Sugar is the main source of energy as it produces energy on metabolic decomposition. But these days low calorie drinks are more popular.
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True
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False
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Ambiguous
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None of these
Explanation
Natural sweeteners e.g, sucrose add to calorie intake. Due to the occurrence of more cases of diabetes and obesity young and old people, these days people usually take low-calorie drinks. These are artificial sweetening agents as given below.
Saccharin: It is 550 times as sweet as cane sugar. It is excreted from the body through urine.
Aspartame: It is 100 times as sweet as cane sugar. Its use is limited to cold foods and soft drinks because it is unstable at cooking temperature.
Alitame: It is more stable than aspartame but the control of sweetness of food is difficult while using it.
Sucralose: It is stable at cooking temperature. It does not provide calories.
These artificial sweetening agents do not metabolize and hence do not produce any energy. So the statement is true.
Which class of drugs is used in sleeping pills?
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Antipyretics
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Tranquilizers
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Anaesthetic
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Antimicrobial
Explanation
Antipyretics are drugs against fever.
Anaesthetics are drugs that cause reversible loss of sensation.
Tranquilizers are sleep inducing drugs.
Antimicrobial are drugs against micro-organisms.
Antiseptics are a class of ________ drugs.
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analgesic
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antipyretic
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tranquilizer
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antibiotic
Explanation
Antiseptics are substances that prevent the growth of disease-causing microorganisms.
It is a class of antibiotics
that inhibits the growth of or destroys microorganisms.
Hence, option D is correct.
Drugs used to prevent the feeling of pain during medical procedures:
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Analegsics
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Antihistamines
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Antibiotics
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Anesthetics
Explanation
An anesthetic is a drug that causes anesthesia, which is a reversible loss of sensation. Anesthetics contrast with analgesics (painkillers), which relieve pain without eliminating sensation. These drugs are generally administered to facilitate surgery. A wide variety of drugs are used in modern anesthetic practice. Many are rarely used outside of anesthesia, although others are used commonly by all disciplines. Anesthetics are categorized into two classes: general anesthetics , which cause a reversible loss of consciousness, and local anesthetics , which cause a reversible loss of sensation for a limited region of the body while maintaining consciousness. Combinations of anesthetics are sometimes used for their synergistic and additive therapeutic effects. Adverse effects, however, may also be increased.
$$NaCl$$ is used as a food preservative and in freezing mixtures.
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True
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False
Explanation
Bacteria cannot survive in salt conditions as water is completely extracted by salt due to its hygroscopic nature.
Therefore, $$NaCl$$ is used as a food- preservatives and in freezing mixtures.
So the given statement is true.
State whether True or False.
Calcium hydroxide is used for making soap.
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True
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False
Explanation
Soap is prepared by a process called saponification in which triglycerides on reaction with sodium hydroxide produce sodium or potassium salts of fatty acids.
Only sodium or potassium hydroxide is used for making soap. Hence the correct option is B.
Soap form lathers in hard water, but a detergent does not.
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True
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False
Explanation
Soap is less effective in hard water. Since it reacts to form a calcium or magnesium salt of the organic acid. In the soap and forms a grayish soap scum with no lather.
Detergents on the other hand, lather in both hard and soft water.
So, the above statement is false.
Antipyretics are used for the treatment of:
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allergies
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fever
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diarrhoea
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pain
Explanation
Antipyretics are used to reduce the body temperature. Antihistamines are used to treat allergies.
Anthrax can be used as :
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Pesticides
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Insecticides
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Germ bombs
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All
Explanation
It has come to knowledge that some countries may be preparing germ bombs which when exploded may simply release disease germs such as anthrax bacteria which may take epidemic shape and cause widespread death generation after generation.
Milk of magnesia is used as:
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antichlor
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antacid
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antiseptic
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food preservative
Explanation
Milk of magnesia consists of Magnesium hydroxide.
Antacid is a substance which neutralizes stomach acidity and used to relieve heatburn, indigestion. So, we use bases like Magnesium hydroxide or Sodium Carbonate.
Antacids are ______.
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drugs or other compounds that inhibits the physiological effects of histamine, used especially in the treatment of allergies.
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(of a drug) used to relieve pain.
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medicinal drugs taken to reduce tension or anxiety.
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(chiefly of a medicine) used to prevent or correct acidity, especially in the stomach.
Explanation
Antacid are drugs or medicines used to
prevent or correct acidity, especially in the stomach.
Examples are Cimetidine, Ranitidine, etc.
__________ are a class of chemical compounds used for the treatment of stress, and mild or even severe mental diseases.
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Tranquilizers
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Antiseptics
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Analgesics
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None of above
Explanation
Tranquilizers
are a class of chemical compounds used for the treatment of stress, and mild or even severe mental diseases.
Analgesics
are reduce or abolish pain without causing impairment ofconsciousness, mental confusion, incoordination or paralysis or someother disturbances of nervous system.
Antiseptics
are anti-microbials applied to the living tissues such as wounds, cuts, ulcers and diseased skin surfaces.
Which destroy antigens?
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Insulin
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Antibodies
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Chromoprotein
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Phosphoprotein
Explanation
Antibodies destroy the antigen which is then engulfed and digested by macrophages white blood cells and also produced chemicals called anti toxins which destroy the toxins.
Which of the following enhances lathering property of soap?
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Sodium carbonate
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Sodium rosinate
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Sodium stearate
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Trisodium phosphate
Explanation
Sodium rosinate enhances the lathering property of soap.
Lather is caused by increasing the surface tension of water (and then stirring it up). The increased surface tension is also one of the mechanisms that soap uses to clean things.
_______ is a substance which neutralizes stomach acidity, which in turn relieves heartburn, indigestion or stomach upset.
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Antibiotic
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Antacid
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Disinfectant
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Anti-fertility drug
Explanation
An antacid (derived from the word "anti-acid") is a substance which neutralizes stomach acidity, which in turn relieves heartburn, indigestion or stomach upset.
Histamine and cimetidine are examples of antacids.
Which of the following does not come under antimicrobial?
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Antibiotic
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Tranquilizer
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Disinfectant
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Antiseptic
Explanation
An antimicrobial tends to destroy/prevent development or inhibit the pathogenic action of microbes such as bacteria, fungi, virus, or other parasites selectively. Antimicrobial are classified as :
1. Antiseptics are applied to the living tissues such as wounds, cuts,ulcers and diseased skin surfaces.
2. Disinfectants are applied to inanimate objects such as floors, drainage system, instruments, etc.
3. Antibiotics are used as drugs to treat infections because of their low toxicity for humans and animals.
Drugs, which on interaction with macromolecular targets produce a biological response which is therapeutic and useful, are called:
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medicines
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super drugs
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enzymes
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proteins
Explanation
Drugs are chemicals of low molecular masses $$(\approx100 - 500u)$$. These interact with macromolecular targets and produce a biological response. When the biological response is therapeutic and useful, these chemicals are called medicines
.
Which class of drugs are used to relieve stress?
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Antihistamine
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Antidepressant
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Antacid
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Disinfectant
Explanation
Anti depressant is used to alleviate depression.
Antacid is used
preventing or correcting acidity, especially in the stomach.
Disinfectant is
a chemical liquid that destroys bacteria.
Anti histamine is
a drug or other compound that inhibits the physiological effects of histamine, used especially in the treatment of allergies.
Most commonly used antacids are:
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weak bases
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strong bases
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weak acids
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strong acids
Explanation
Most commonly used antacids are weak bases.
Examples of antacid includes sodium bicarbonate, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium carbonate and aluminium hydroxide. An antacid is the substance which neutralizes the acid and raise the pH to an appropriate level in stomach. They should not be caustic like strong bases.
Which of these was the largest selling antacid?
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Cimetidine
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Zantac
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Sulpha
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none of these
Explanation
Cimetidine (also called Tegamet) was the largest selling antacid.
It prevent the interaction between histamine and the receptors in the stomach wall, releasing less amount of acid.
A chemical substance which cures some disease, is safe to use, and has negligible toxicity, is known as:
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medicine
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drug
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antiseptic
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antipyretic
Explanation
A medicine is the substance which cures the disease, is safe to use, has negligible toxicity and doesn't cause addiction. Also, chemical substances of natural or synthetic origin which are used for curing disease and reducing suffering from pain are medicines.
Which of the following cannot be used as an antacid?
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Rantidine
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Cimetidine
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Metal hydroxides
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None of the above
Explanation
Antacid is a drug
(or medicine) preventing or correcting acidity, especially in the stomach.
To neutralize the acid in stomach, antacid should be basic in nature.
All three can be used as antacids since they are basic in nature.
What is an antacid?
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The substance which neutralizes the acid and raises the pH to an appropriate level in stomach.
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The substance which neutralizes the acid and lowers the pH to an appropriate level in stomach.
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The substance which neutralizes the base and raises the pH to an appropriate level in stomach.
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none of these
Explanation
An antacid is the substance which neutralizes the acid and raises the pH to an appropriate level in stomach. In other words, antacid is a base which neutralizes excess of acid in the stomach. Examples of antacid include sodium bicarbonate, magnesium hydroxide and aluminium hydroxide. They control the symptoms and not the cause.
Detergents are:
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ammonium or sulphonate salts of long chain carboxylic acids
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ammonium or sodium salts of long chain carboxylic acids
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ammonium or calcium salts of long chain carboxylic acids
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ammonium or magnesium salts of long chain carboxylic acids
Explanation
Detergents are ammonium or sulphonate salts of long chain corboxylic acids. It is a surfactant or mixture of surfactants with cleansing properties similar to soap, but more soluble in hard water.
The main function of an antacid is:
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to neutralize body acid.
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to neutralize body base.
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both a and b
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none of these
Explanation
Antacid is a chemical substance which removes excess acid and raises the pH to an appropriate level in stomach, preventing heatburn and upset stomach,
Name the new antacid which prevents formation of acid in stomach.
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Omeprazole
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Pantaprazole
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Hemoprazole
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none of these
Explanation
Omeprazole is the recently developed antacid which is used to prevent the formation of acid in the stomach.
Sulphaguanidine is used for the treatment of which disease?
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Bacillary Dysentery
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Pneumonia
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Urinary infection
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Brain disorder
Explanation
Sulphaguanidine, an antibiotic, is used for the treatment of Bacillary Dysentery.
Acetylsaliylic acid is a pain killer and is commonly known as:
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Paracetamol
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Ibuprofen
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Aspirin
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Penicillin
Explanation
Acetylsaliylic acid is a pain killer and is commonly known as Aspirin.
Hence, option (C) is the correct answer.
Smudge in certain colored varieties of onions is prevented by.
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Fumeric acid
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Ferulic acid
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Chlorogenic acid
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Protocateuchuic acid
Explanation
(A) Fumeric Acid
Smudge is common disease in onins.
A lot of controversy has been generated over the use of 'BVO' in soft drinks on the ground that it is carcinogenic (cancer-causing). What is 'BVO'?
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Brominated vegetable oil
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Basic vitamin overdose
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B-complex vitamin overdoes
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Bakery vanilla odour
Explanation
BVO stands for brominated vegetable oil which is a food additive sometimes used to keep citrus flavoring from separating out in some sodas and sports drinks.
It is a complex mixture of plant derived triglycerides that have been reacted to contain atoms of the elements bromines bounded to the molecules.
Phenobarbitone is a sleep-inducing drug. It is also used in making:
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acetylene
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soap
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alcohol
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urea
Explanation
Phenobarbital belongs to the class of medications called barbiturates. It is used to treat insomnia (difficulty sleeping) and as a sedative to relieve the symptoms of anxiety or tension. It is also used in making urea which serves an important role in the metabolism of nitrogen-containing compounds by animals and is the main nitrogen-containing substance in the urine of mammals. It also used for the control of certain types of seizures. It works by slowing down the brain and nervous system.
The chemical substances used to bring down body temperature in a high fever are known as:
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analgesics
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antipyretics
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antihistamines
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tranquilizers
Explanation
Antipyretics lower the body temperature in fever.
Which of the following is scientific explanation of depression?
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An increased level of sugar in the blood leads to depression.
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Low levels of noradrenaline, a neurotransmitter in the blood lead to depression.
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Release of extra gastric juice in the stomach lead to depression.
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Sleep incducing drugs lead to depression.
Explanation
Noradrenaline is a neurotransmitter that plays a role in mood swings. Low levels of noradrenaline lower the signal-sending activity and make the person suffers from depression.
The drugs which are given to the patients suffering from anxiety and mental tension are known as:
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tranquilizers
0%
analgesics
0%
antimicrobials
0%
antibiotics
Explanation
Tranquilizers is a neurologically active drug. This
affects the message transfer mechanism from nerve to receptor.
Tranquilizers are a class of chemical compounds used for the
treatment of stress, and mild or even severe mental diseases. These
relieve anxiety, stress, irritability or excitement by inducing a sense
of well-being. They form an essential component of sleeping pills.
The use of chemicals for treatment of diseases is called:
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chemotherapy
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physiotherapy
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antiotherpy
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polytherapy
Explanation
Chemotherapy is the science in which chemicals are used for the treatment of diseases.
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