CBSE Questions for Class 9 Chemistry Structure Of The Atom Quiz 11 - MCQExams.com

One of the drawbacks of Rutherford's model was also that he did not say anything about the arrangement of electrons in an atom which made his theory incomplete. 

So, the arrangement of electrons around the nucleus is the correct answer here.

Hint: Rutherford’s alpha-particle scattering experiment proves that the space of an atom is void.

Explanation:

• Rutherford passed alpha particles in a gold wire. He observed that most of the alpha particles did not come back. From this, he has concluded that most of the space of the atom is blank or void.
• Some alpha particles got attracted by some force which is electrons. Negatively charged electrons attract the positively charged alpha particle. This proves that electrons occupy space around the nucleus.
• One out of every $$12,000$$ alpha particles appeared to rebound from some positively charged area. This proves that the center of an atom contains a positively charged nucleus.

Therefore, the correct answer is option $$D.$$

Rutherford's model described the atom as a tiny, dense, positively charged core called a nucleus, in which nearly all the mass is concentrated, around which the light, negative constituents, called electrons, circulate at some distance, much like planets revolving around the sun. It does not say anything about the arrangement of electrons in an atom.

Rutherford's model described the atom as a tiny, dense, positively charged core called a nucleus, in which nearly all the mass is concentrated, around which the light, negative constituents, called electrons, circulate at some distance, much like planets revolving around the Sun. According to the model electron’s speed will keep reducing as the electron keeps giving off energy by emitting radiation and the radius of its rotation will keep decreasing and it will soon crash into the nucleus which does not happen.

Hence, we can conclude that Rutherford's atomic model could not explain the stability of the atom as a whole.

Rutherford's model described the atom as a tiny, dense, positively charged core called a nucleus, in which nearly all the mass is concentrated, around which the light, negative constituents, called electrons, circulate at some distance, much like planets revolving around the Sun. According to the model electron’s speed will keep reducing as the electron keeps giving off energy by emitting radiation and the radius of its rotation will keep decreasing and it will soon crash into the nucleus.

The major shortcoming of Rutherford's model was that it was incomplete. It did not explain how the atom's negatively charged electrons are distributed in the space surrounding its positively charged nucleus. According to the model electron’s speed will keep reducing as the electron keeps giving off energy by emitting EM waves and the radius of its rotation will keep decreasing and it will soon crash into the nucleus. If it crashed into the nucleus, atoms wouldn’t exist which does not happen. Also, it could not explain the Hydrogen spectrum.

Hence, above all are the shortcomings of Rutherford's model.