Explanation
Step - 1: Formation
√2 = pq
Here p and q are coprime numbers and q≠0
On squaring both the sides we get,
⇒ 2 = (pq)2
⇒ 2q2 = p2……………………………..(1)
⇒p22=q
Step - 2: Calculation
So 2 divides p and p is multiple of 2
⇒p = 2m
⇒p2=4m2..........................(2)
From equation (1) and (2), we get
⇒2q2=4m2
⇒q2=2m2
q2is amultiple of 2
So, q is multiple of 2
Hence, p, q have a common factor 2. This contradicts our assumption that they are co-primes.
Therefore, p/q is not a rational number
√2 is an irrational number.
Hence, the correct answer is option B.
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