The effect of CO2 Concentration on dissocation of oxyhaemoglobin is called
Bohr’s effect
Root effect
Haldane effect
None of these
The effect of pH on dislocation of oxyhemoglobin is called
Hb cannot take up O2 beyond a saturation level of
100%
97%
64%
93%
The red coloured, Fe Containing pigment present in the Erythrocytes is
Haemoglobin
Myoglobin
Globin
Albumin
Pneumotaxic centre which can moderate the functions of the respiratory rhythm centre is present at:
Pons region of brain
Thalamus
Spinal cord
Right cerebral hemisphere
The following statements refer to gas carriage by the blood. Choose the correct statement:
After leaving the lungs, each litre of blood contains about 20 ml of oxygen.
Haemoglobin is half saturated with oxygen when the PO2 is about 30 mm Hg
As the PCO2 rises, the affinity of haemoglobin for oxygen is increased.
Each litre of arterial blood contains about 50 mL of carbon dioxide
Which of the following factors are favourable for the shifting of Oxyhaemoglobin dissociation Curve to the left side
High pO2
Low pCO2
less H+ Concentration
All of these
The red coloured, Fe Containing pigment present in the Human Body is
Both A and B
How many heme group are present in Hb molecule
1
3
2
4
The binding of Hb with Carbon dioxide forms
Methamoglobin
Carbamino-haemoglobin
Oxyhaemoglobin
none of these
What keeps the lungs inflated even during expiration?
The smooth muscles of the lung
The diaphragm and the intercostal muscles alone
The visceral pleurae and the changing volume of the lungs
Surface tension from pleural fluid and negative pressure in the pleural cavity
Oxygen is mainly transported as oxyhaemoglobin in the blood. Identify the correct statement regarding oxygen transport in blood:
During normal activity, a molecule of hemoglobin returning to the lungs carries one molecule of O2
During conditions of acidosis, hemoglobin is able to carry oxygen more efficiently.
Increased BPG levels in the red blood cells enhance oxygen-carrying capacity.
A 50% oxygen saturation level of blood returning to the lungs might indicate an activity level higher than normal.
During normal respiration, the ventral respiratory group located in the medulla oblongata:
Establishes the basic respiratory rhythm
Controls the switch off point of inspiration
Remains inactive
Excites chemosensitive zone neurons
When under certain conditions, the P50 value of haemoglobin rises, the affinity of the pigment of combining with O2 will
Remain same
Rise
Fall
First rise and then fall
In human beings, oblique fissures are associated with :
Right lung
Left lung
Both lungs
None of the above
Hemoglobin that is bonded to carbon monoxide and therefore cannot transport oxygen, is called
carboxyhemoglobin
methemoglobin
reduced hemoglobin
carbaminohemoglobin
Which of the following does not shift the oxy-haemoglobin dissociation curve to the right?
increased pH
increased carbon dioxide
increased temperature
increased 2,3 -DPG
Which of the following is entirely made of cartilage?
Nasal septum
Larynx
Glottis
Trachea
Trachea divides into two right and left primary bronchi at the level of:
Seventh cervical vertebra
Third thoracic vertebra
Fifth thoracic vertebra
Seventh thoracic vertebra
Contraction of diaphragm:
Increases the volume of the thoracic chamber in the antero-posterior axis
Increases the volume of the thoracic chamber in the dorso-ventral axis
Decreases the volume of the thoracic chamber in the antero-posterior axis
Decreases the volume of the thoracic chamber in the dorso-ventral axis
Volume of air that will remain in the lungs after a normal expiration is about:
1200 ml
2300 ml
4600 ml
5800 ml
The partial pressure of oxygen is equal in
Atmospheric air and Alveoli
Alveoli and Oxygenated blood
Alveoli and Deoxygenated blood
Deoxygenated blood and Tissues
The solubility of carbon dioxide is about _____ times higher than that of oxygen across the respiratory membrane.
20-25
25-50
125-150
200-250
What amount of carbon dioxide is delivered by every 100 ml of deoxygenated blood to the alveoli?
4 ml
5 ml
15 ml
20 ml
A center that moderates the functions of the respiratory rhythm center is located in:
Dorsal medulla oblongata
Ventral medulla oblongata
Pons Varolii
Pre central gyrus of the cerebrum
Premature infants may develop respiratory distress and can land up in respiratory failure sometimes needing an intensive care for such infants. This may be due to:
the sudden change from the uterine environment to the air
the incomplete development of the lung surface
inadequate production of surfactant
mutations in the genes involved in lung formation
Study the spirograph and identify the correctly matched volumes from the codes given:
TV IRV ERV RV VITAL CAPACITY
Fibrous connective tissue builds up in the lungs causing them not to inflate properly, and actually deflating them is called:
chronic bronchitis
emphysema
pulmonary fibrosis
asthma
The C-shaped cartilaginous rings around the trachea are open posteriorly to:
allow for expansion of the esophagus during swallowing
allow the vocal cords to relax
prevent food from entering the nasal cavity during swallowing
prevent food from entering the trachea
The trachea is lined with
ciliated simple squamous epithelium
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