Theory of inheritance of acquired characters was given by 

  • Wallace

  • Lamarck

  • Darwin

  • De Vries

In the case of peppered moth (Biston betularia), the black-coloured form became dominant over the light-coloured form in England during industrial revolution. This is an example of

  • natural selection whereby the darker forms were selected

  • appearance of the darker coloured individuals due to very poor sunlight

  • protective mimicry

  • inheritance of darker colour character acquired due to the darker environment

The first organisms were 

  • chemoautotrophs

  • chemoheterotrophs

  • autotrophs

  • eukaryotes

What was the most significant trend in the evolution of modern man (Homo sapiens) from his ancestors?

  • Shortening of jaws

  • Binocular vision

  • Increasing brain capacity

  • Upright posture

Origin of species' was written by 

  • Oparin

  • Weismann

  • Lamarck

  • Darwin

Which of the following is the most important precondition for speciation to occur?

  • Reproductive isolation

  • A crash of the population size

  • Adaptive radiation

  • Random mating

The ultimate source of allelic variations is:

  • Genetic recombinations 

  • Mutation 

  • Genetic drift 

  • Natural selection 

If a new allele suddenly becomes very abundant in a population, most likely it is:

  • mutating rapidly

  • flowing with emigrants

  • strongly selected for

  • a product of assortative mating

Genetic drift occurs when a few individuals of a species colonize an island. This phenomenon is :

  • the bottleneck effect

  • the founder effect

  • assortative mating

  • random mating 

The unit of evolution is now known to be the:

  • individual
  • family
  • population
  • species

The struggle for existence is a consequence of:

 

  • Each organism leaving more organisms than needed to replace itself

  • Innate competitive tendencies

  • The inevitable difficulty of coping with climatic conditions

  • Territories and dominance hierarchies

Darwin believed that a giraffe has a long neck because:

  • a creator designed it that way

  • catastrophes eliminated short neck forms

  • its ancestors stretched their necks to get food

  • ancestral giraffes with longer necks got more food and left more surviving off-springs.

In a sympatric speciation, there is:

  • geographical isolation between groups of population

  • no geographical isolation between groups of population
  • reproductive isolation of a subpopulation in the midst of the parent population 
  • geographical isolation bout no reporoductive isolation

In modern terms, selection refers to :

  • Inheritance of dominant characters

  • differential reproduction 
  • a decrease in allele frequency in a population
  • differences in the contribution of various genotypes to the next generation 

In genetic drift, the term "genetic bottleneck" means:

  • reduction in allele frequencies or richness

  • random change in allele frequency by chance alone

  • sudden increase in the number of individuals

  • reproductive isolation of the population

De Vries based his "Mutation Theory" on his observation on:

  • Pisum sativum

  • Drosophila melanogaster

  • Oenothera lamarckiana

  • Caenorhabditis elegans

The control apparatus of the Urey and Miller experiment was devoid of:

  • a provision for evaporation 

  • an arrangement for circulation

  • a source of energy

  •  an arrangement for condensation

The formation of a new species through change in a single lineage is known as:

  • Anagenesis, or phyletic evolution

  • Cladogenesis, or divergent evolution

  • Convergent evolution

  • Allopatry

Which of the following organisms alive today is likely to be most similar to the first life forms that evolved on the earth?

 

  • Methane producing bacteria

  • Cyanobacteria

  • Unicellular algae

  • Diatoms

Darwin finches on the Galapagos Islands are an excellent example of:

  • Disruptive selection

  • Inheritance of acquired characters

  • Adaptive radiation

  • Convergent evolution

The presence of the monotremes and marsupials in the Australian continent can be explained by:

  •   Convergent evolution

  •   Adaptive radiation

  •   Punctuated equilibrium

  •   Gene flow 

The similarities between the eyes of an octopus and of a mammal are a result of:

  • Convergent evolution

  • Divergent evolution

  • Saltation

  • Retrograde evolution

Which of the following would lead to deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

 

  • Random mating

  • Lack of mutations

  • No gene flow or gene migration

  • Natural selection

The now extinct reptile group that evolved into mammals was:

 

  • Therapsids

  • Dinosaurs

  • Thecodants

  • Sauropsids

Most fossils are found in:

  • Granite

  • Sedimentary rocks

  • Lava flows

  • Black soil

Darwin believed that certain parts of the body get larger and more complex through the generations because they :

  • are used more extensively than other parts 

  • contribute to greater reproductive success

  • are pre-determined to do so 

  • are most similar to God's perfection 

The wings of a bird and that of an insect are:

  • Analogous structures

  • Homologous structure

  • Vestigial structures

  • Useless structures

Directional selection favours:

 

  • Both extremes of a trait

  • Intermediate form of a trait

  • Environmental differences

  • One extreme form over the other extreme form and over intermediate forms of the trait

Most often the factor that initiates the speciation of two populations is:

  • Geographic isolation

  • Inability of the gametes to fuse

  • Different courtship behaviours

  • Different copulatory organs

The oldest fossils resemble:

  • Amoeba

  • Red algae

  •  Heterotrophic bacteria

  • Autotrophic bacteria

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Practice Zoology Quiz Questions and Answers