Which of the following causes an increase in sodium reabsorption in distal convoluted
tubule?
Increase in aldosterone levels
Increase in antidiuretic hormone levels
Decrease in aldosterone levels
Decrease in antidiuretic hormone levels
Which one of the following is not a part of a renal pyramid?
Convoluted tubules
Collecting ducts
Loops Henle
Peritubular capillaries
Uricotelic mode of passing out nitrogenous wastes is found in
birds and annelids
amphibians and reptiles
insects and amphibians
reptiles and birds
Which one of the following statements is correct with respect to kidney function
regulation?
suppresseed
Exposure to cold temperature stimulates ADH release
An increase in glomerular blood flow stimulates formation of angiotensin II
During summer when body loses lot of water by evaporation, the release of ADH is
When someone drinks lot of water ADH release is suppressed
Which one of the following statements in regard to excretion by the human kidneys is
correct?
Descending limb of loop of Henle is impermeable to water
Distal convoluted tubule is incapable of reabsorbing HCO3
Nearly 99 per cent of the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed by the renal tubules
Ascending limb of loop of Henle is impermeable to electrolytes
The principal nitrogenous excretory compound in humans is synthesised.
in kidneys but eliminated mostly through liver
in kidneys as well as eliminated by kidneys
in liver and also eliminated by the same through bile
in the liver, but eliminated mostly through kidneys
Uric acid is the chief nitrogenous component of the excretory products of
man
earthworm
cockroach
frog
Which one of the following pair of items correctly belongs to the category of organs
mentioned against it?
Analogous organs - Thorn of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita
Vestigial organs - Nictitating membrane and blind spot in human eye
Excretory organs - Nephridia of earthworm and Malpighian tubules of cockroach
Homologous organs - Wings of honey bee and wings of crow
A person who is on a long hunger strike and is surviving only on water, will have:
More sodium in his urine
Less amino acids in his urine
More glucose in his blood
Less urea in his urine
Angiotensinogen is a protein produced and secreted by:
Macula densa cells
Endothelial cells (cells lining the blood vessels)
Liver cells
Juxtaglomerular (JG) cells
Excretion in tadpole is
ammonotelic
ureotelic
urecotelic
none of these
In the presence of vasopressin, the greatest fraction of filtered water is absorbed in
Loop of Henle
Proximal convoluted tubule
distal convoluted tubule
collecting tubule
Trimethylamine oxide is an excretory product in
fresh water teleosts
marine teleosts
marine invertebrate
none of these.
Which of the following are uricotelic animals?
Rohu and frog
Camel and frog
Lizard and crow
Earthworm and eagle
A person passes much urine and drinks much water but his blood glucose level is normal.
This condition may be the result of:
A reduction in insulin secretion from pancreas
A reduction in vasopressin secretion from posterior pituitary.
A fall in the glucose concentration in urine
An increase in secretion of glucagon
Which one of the following statements is correct with respect to salt water balance inside the body of living organisms?
Salmon fish excretes lot of stored salt through gill membrane when in fresh water.
Paramecium discharges concentrated salt solution by contractile vacuoles.
The body fluids of fresh water animals are generally hypotonic to surrounding water.
Which one of the following is correct regarding the excretion?
Large amount of water from renal filtrate is reabsorbed in DCT and a less amount is reabsorbed by PCT.
The descending limb of loop of Henle is completely impermeable to salts.
Malpighian corpuscle is found in medulla region of kidney
The colour of urine is pale yellow and is slightly alkaline in nature.
Which of the following is true for excretion in humans?
Glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed in PCT by simple diffusion.
DCT is permeable to water.
On average, 25-30 gm of urea is excreted out per day.
Maximum reabsorption occurs in the loop of Henle.
Refer the given figure of nephron.
Identify A, B, C and D and select the correct option regarding them
Which part of the nephrons is impermeable to water?
When kidney of a person is damaged, he/she invariably suffers fom anaemia because
RBCs pass through the glomerulus
Sufficient erythropoietin is not produced
haemoglobin is not synthesised sufficiently
Iron and viatmin B-12 are not able to bind to haemoglobin.
Which of the following process of urine formation takes place all along the renal tubule and collecting duct?
Ultrafiltration and tubular reabsorption
Ultrafiltration and tubular secretion
Tubular reabsorption and secretion
Anti-current mechanism and reabsorption
In man, in which part of the uriniferous tubule reabsorpton of glucose occurs?
Henle's loop
Distal convoluted tubule
What is true of urea biosynthesis?
Uric acid is starting point
Urea is synthesised in lysosomes
Urea cycle enzymes are located inside mitochondria
Urea is synthesised in kidney
Assertion : Ammonia should be eliminated from the body as rapidly as it is formed.
Reason : Ammonia is insoluble in water.
Renin
Stimulates the glomerular blood flow
Suppresses the GFR
As such no effect over GFR
Plays role in counter current
Accumulation of urea in the blood is known as
Uremia
Urosis
Uricosis
Urasis
Assertion : Urinary bladder and ureters are lined by transitional epithelium.
Reason : Ureters carry the urine to urinary bladder where it is stored temporarily.
Assertion : In vertebrates, the liver is also referred as an accessory excretory organ.
Reason : Liver helps kidneys in the secretion of urine.
Assertion : Sharks are said to be ammonotelic animals.
Reason : Sharks can retain considerable amounts of ammonia in their blood.
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