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CBSE Questions for Class 11 Medical Chemistry The S-Block Elements Quiz 6 - MCQExams.com
CBSE
Class 11 Medical Chemistry
The S-Block Elements
Quiz 6
What is minimum requirement (in milligram) of potassium per day for adult?
Report Question
0%
4700
0%
14700
0%
20000
0%
30000
Explanation
The minimum requirement of potassium per day for an adult is $$4700\ mg$$.
Potassium is very important in cellular biochemical reactions and energy metabolism.
Along with sodium, it regulates the water balance and the acid-base balance in the blood and tissues.
Thus, potassium is a very important mineral for our body.
Elements of Alkaline earth metals combine with carbon in an electric furnace to form carbides of type, $$MC_2$$ except :
Report Question
0%
Mg
0%
Ba
0%
Be
0%
Sr
Explanation
'Be' hs small size, relatively high electronegativity and only four orbitals vacances shell. Due to this small size it donot fom carbide because removing 'e-' from 'Be' is not easy.
The element of alkaline earth metal which shows a diagonal relationship with aluminium is:
Report Question
0%
$$Mg$$
0%
$$Ba$$
0%
$$Be$$
0%
$$Ca$$
Explanation
Option $$(C)$$ is correct.
$$Be$$ shows a diagonal relationship with aluminium.This is due to the similar value of charge/radius ratio and electronegativity. Some of the resemblances are as follows:
Unlike groups – 2 elements but like aluminium, beryllium forms covalent compounds.
The hydroxides of beryllium and aluminium are amphoteric in nature, whereas those of other elements of a group-2 are basic in nature.
The oxides of both $$Be$$ and $$Al \:i.e. \:BeO$$ and $$Al_2O_3$$ are high melting insoluble solids.
$$BeCl_2 $$ and $$AlCl_3$$ have bridged chloride polymeric structure.
Which of the following metals dissolves in $$KOH$$ with the evolution of hydrogen?
Report Question
0%
$$Ca$$
0%
$$Mg$$
0%
$$Sr$$
0%
$$Be$$
Explanation
Option $$(D)$$ is correct.
Beryllium metal dissolves readily in a dilute aqueous base solution like $$KOH$$, to form $$Be(II)$$ complexes together with hydrogen gas.
Lithium borohydride, $$LiB{H}_{4}$$, crystallizes in an orthorhombic system with four molecules per unit cell. The unit cell dimensions are $$a=6.0\mathring { A } ,b=4.4\mathring { A } ,c=7.5\mathring { A } $$. The density of crystals is
$$\left( Li=7,B=11,{ N }_{ A }=6\times { 10 }^{ 23 } \right) $$
Report Question
0%
$$0.74g/{cm}^{3}$$
0%
$$1.48g/{cm}^{3}$$
0%
$$0.37g/{cm}^{3}$$
0%
$$0.90g/{cm}^{3}$$
Which of the following chloride is covalent ?
Report Question
0%
$$BaCl_2$$
0%
$$NaCl$$
0%
$$CaCl_2$$
0%
$$BeCl_2$$
Explanation
Option $$(D)$$ is correct.
$$BeCl_2$$ is covalent in nature due to the small size and high charge density of $$Be$$, its polarizing power is maximum since $$Be^{2+}$$ ion essentially pull the electrons cloud from $$Cl^-$$, such that the electrons pair are effectively shared. This give covalent character to $$BeCl_2$$.
Halides of which alkaline earth metal is known to have chains of $$-X_2MX_2M-$$ is:
Report Question
0%
$$Mg$$
0%
$$Ba$$
0%
$$Be$$
0%
$$Ca$$
Explanation
Option $$(C)$$ is correct.
Halides of which alkaline earth metal is known to have chains of $$-X_2MX_2M-$$ is $$Be$$. All halides of $$Be$$ are covalent and electron deficient. Because of this, they are unstable. So, in order to attain stability, they polymerise to make long chains. They do this by forming coordinate bonds (dative covalent bonds) between lone pairs on halide atoms and adjacent beryllium atoms.
Which of the following element has the highest melting point?
Report Question
0%
$$Ba$$
0%
$$Sr$$
0%
$$Ca$$
0%
$$Be$$
Explanation
Option $$(D)$$ is correct.
$$Be$$ has the highest melting point due to its small size and high polarisation power. When it forms a metal, it means that the bonds are very high energy relative to the atomic size which causes the atoms to be bound tightly.
This means it requires more energy (higher temperature) to break the bonds.
Which member of IIA group shows covalency?
Report Question
0%
$$Ba$$
0%
$$Be$$
0%
$$Sr$$
0%
$$Mg$$
Explanation
Option $$(B)$$ is correct.
$$Be$$ shows covalency. Due to small size,
can't ionize easily
and high charge density on $$ Be$$, its polarizing power is maximum, since $$Be^{2+}$$ essentially pull the electrons cloud with
other elements rather than lose electrons.
Halides of alkaline earth metals are ionic except:
Report Question
0%
$$Be$$
0%
$$Mg$$
0%
$$Ca$$
0%
$$Ba$$
Explanation
Option $$(A)$$ is correct.
Halides of alkaline earth metals are ionic except $$Be$$. The polarising power of beryllium is high and the polarisability of halides is also high so beryllium essentially pulls the donated electrons back so they are effectively shared.
Beryllium is a small atom and forms a +2 charge so it has a high charge density making it easier for it to pull the electrons away from the halide despite its high EN value.
Alkaline earth metals burn in nitrogen and form nitrides of type $$M_3N_2$$. which of them is volatile in nature?
Report Question
0%
$$Mg_3N_2$$
0%
$$Ba_3N_2$$
0%
$$Ca_3N_2$$
0%
$$Be_3N_2$$
Explanation
$$Be$$ is smallest and least electropositive element among alkaline earth metal. $$Be$$ when reacts with $$N$$ form weak bond hence $$B{ e }_{ 3 }{ N }_{ 2 }$$ is volatile while other metals form a strong bond and are not volatile, they are solid.
Which of the following is a covalent oxide?
Report Question
0%
$$BeO$$
0%
$$CaO$$
0%
$$SrO$$
0%
$$BaO$$
Explanation
Option $$(A)$$ is correct.
$$BeO$$ is a covalent oxide because of the small size of beryllium and electronegativity difference between $$Be$$ and $$O$$.
Carbide of which of the following elements evolve methane on treatment with water due to diagonal relationship :
Report Question
0%
$$Be_2C , Mg_2C$$
0%
$$Be_2C , Al_4C_3$$
0%
$$Al_4C_3 , Mg_2C$$
0%
$$Be_2C , Ga_4C_3$$
Explanation
'Be' and 'Al' have diagonal relationship due to similer charge/ratio.
Due to small size 'Al' and 'Be' form carbide which on hydrolysis evolve methane.
answer is (B).
$$Be$$ shows diagonal relationship with:
Report Question
0%
$$B$$
0%
$$Mg$$
0%
$$Al$$
0%
$$Ga$$
Explanation
Option $$(C)$$ is correct.
$$Be$$ shows diagonal relationship with $$Al$$. They both have nearly equal electronegativity, small size and availability of only four orbitals in the valence shell. They both form amphoteric oxides and dimeric halides.
Find correct order of polarising power between $$Al^ {+2}$$ and $$Be^{+2}$$ (both shows digonal relationship) :
Report Question
0%
$$Be^{+2} > Al^{+2}$$
0%
$$Be^{+2} < Al^{+2}$$
0%
$$Be^{+2} > > Al^{+2}$$
0%
$$Be^{+2} = Al^{+2}$$
Explanation
Option (D) is correct.
Order of polarising power between $$Al^ {+3}$$ and $$Be^{+2}$$ (both shows digonal relationship) is $$Be^{+2} = Al^{+3}$$.
Polarising power depends on the size of the cation.As the size of beryllium and aluminium are almost same , thus possess same polarising power.
$$Be$$ and $$Al$$ have following resemblance due to the diagonal relationship:
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have nearly equal electronegativity
0%
form amphoteric oxides
0%
both form dimeric halides
0%
all of the above
Explanation
Option $$(D)$$ is correct.
$$Be$$ and $$Al$$ have resemblance due to the diagonal relationship, they have nearly equal electronegativity, small size and availability of only four orbitals in the valence shell. They both form amphoteric oxides and dimeric halides.
The given property of Be and Al is similar due to diagonal relationship :
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0%
electronegativity
0%
electropositivity
0%
ionisation energy
0%
none of these
Explanation
Option $$(A)$$ is correct.
Due to diagonal relationship $$Be$$ and $$Al$$
have same value of electronegativity.
Both have almost same size and thus favour for covalent bonding,
forms covalent compounds having low melting point and soluble in organic solvent.
Compounds of ________ have a low melting point and are soluble in organic solvents.
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0%
beryllium
0%
magnesium
0%
calcium
0%
none of these
Explanation
Option $$(A)$$ is correct.
Compounds of beryllium have a low melting point and are soluble in organic solvents due to
the small size of beryllium ion and high size/charge ratio of a beryllium ion.These compounds are more covalent, stable,
stronger Lewis acids and more soluble than those of remaining group 2 cations.
Which of the following properties are common between Be and Al because of diagonal relationship?
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The carbonates of both the metals are unstable
0%
Salt of both do not impart color to the flame
0%
Both combine with nitrogen when strongly heated in an atmosphere
0%
All of these
Explanation
Option $$(D)$$ is correct.
The following properties are common between $$Be$$ and $$Al$$ because of diagonal relationship
1. The carbonates of both the metals are unstable.
2. Salt of both do not impart color to the flame.
3. Both combine with nitrogen when strongly heated in an atmosphere.
4. Both have almost same and smaller size and thus favour for covalent bonding.
5. Both these form covalent compounds having low melting point and soluble in organic solvent.
6. Both have same value of electronegativity.
7.
Both form polymeric covalent hydrides while hydrides of other alkaline earth are ionic.
Which of the following property is not shown by $$Be$$ and $$Al$$ due to the diagonal relationship?
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0%
Oxide of both are amphoteric in nature
0%
Oxides of both are non-volatile and hard
0%
Hydroxides are amphoteric in nature
0%
Both are metals
Explanation
Option $$(D)$$ is correct.
Rest all the options shows the diagonal relationship between beryllium and aluminium.
The charge/radius ratio of $$Be$$ and $$Al$$ is same because:
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0%
both belongs to the same group
0%
both belongs to same period
0%
digonal relationship
0%
none of these
Explanation
Option $$(C) $$ is correct.
The charge/radius ratio of $$Be$$ and $$Al$$ is same because of diagonal relationship and hence these two elements possess similar deforming power.
Due to diagonal relationship between $$Be$$ and $$Al$$:
Report Question
0%
both are metals
0%
both are metalloids
0%
both form polymeric covalent hydrides
0%
none of these
Explanation
Option $$(C)$$ is correct.
Due to
diagonal relationship between $$Be$$ and $$Al$$, both form polymeric covalent hydrides.
The melting points of (i) $$BeCl_2$$ (ii) $$CaCl_2$$ and (iii) $$HgCl_2$$ follows the order:
Report Question
0%
$$i < ii < iii$$
0%
$$ii < i < iii$$
0%
$$i < iii < ii$$
0%
$$iii < i < ii$$
Melting and boiling point is highest of:
Report Question
0%
$$Be$$
0%
$$Mg$$
0%
$$Ca$$
0%
$$Sr$$
Explanation
MP and BP are highest of $$Be$$ despite it are
lightest of all the alkaline earth metals.
As we go down the group melting point decreases, but for boiling point metals do not follow a consistent pattern.
Option $$(A)$$ is correct.
Diagonal relationship is due to:
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0%
identical ionization potential
0%
identical electron negativity
0%
identical sizes of ions
0%
same valence shell configuration
Explanation
Option $$(C)$$ is correct.
The diagonal relationship is due to identical sizes of ions.
On moving rightward a period of the periodic table, the size of the atoms decreases,
and on moving down a group the size of the atoms increases. Similarly, on moving rightward a period,
the elements become more electronegative, whereas on moving down the group the element becomes more positive. These two factors work in opposite direction. Hence the elements that are present diagonally to each other have similar properties like atomic size, electronegativity, density, chemical properties of compounds.
The close resemblance between the properties of an element of 2nd period with those of the element of 3rd period belonging to the next group is called:
Report Question
0%
periodicity
0%
periodic trend
0%
diagonal relationship
0%
group trend
Explanation
Option $$(C)$$ is correct.
The close resemblance between the properties of an element of 2nd period with those of the element of 3rd period belonging to the next group is called diagonal relationship.
These pairs (lithium and magnesium, beryllium and aluminium, boron and silicon etc.) exhibit similar properties.
Which of the given alkaline earth metal is hardest of all alkaline earth metals?
Report Question
0%
Mg
0%
Ca
0%
Be
0%
Sr
Explanation
Option $$(C)$$ is correct.
$$Be$$ is hardest of all alkaline earth metals.
Beryllium is a hard, brittle metal with a greyish-white surface.It
has a high heat capacity (it can store heat) and heat conductivity (it can transfer heat efficiently).
Among the ions present which is maximum in a normal human body?
Report Question
0%
Potassium
0%
Sodium
0%
Iron
0%
Copper
Explanation
Option $$(A)$$ is correct.
Potassium ions is present maximum in normal human body.
Almost 99% of the mass of the human body is made up of six elements: oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorus. Only about 0.85% is composed of another five elements: potassium, sulfur, sodium, chlorine, and magnesium. Human body is composed of 0.4% potassium.
Sodium ions are found in:
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outside of cells
0%
blood plasma
0%
interstitial fluids
0%
within cell fluids
Explanation
$$\begin{array}{l}\text { Sodium ions are important ions within the body. } \\\text { They help in transmission and are found everywhere }\\\text { within and outside the cell. Though its concentration }\\\text { might vary significantly. } \\\text { Hence, All the options are correct. }\end{array}$$
Which of the following element participate in oxidation of glucose to form ATP?
Report Question
0%
Calcium
0%
Sodium
0%
Magnesium
0%
Potassium
Explanation
Option $$(D)$$ is correct.
Potassium participates in the oxidation of glucose to form ATP through ATP-sensitive potassium channel.
Which of the following ions participate in transmission of nerve signals?
Report Question
0%
Sodium
0%
Potassium
0%
Magnesium
0%
Iron
Explanation
Option $$(A),\ (B)$$ are correct.
Sodium and potassium ions participate in the transmission of nerve signals. It is done by sodium/potassium pump.The membrane of an unstimulated neuron is polarized.
Polarization is established by maintaining an excess of sodium ions on the outside and an excess of potassium ions on the inside. A certain amount of $$Na^{ +}$$ and $$K^{+}$$ is always leaking across the membrane through leakage channels, but $$Na^{ +}/K^{ +}$$ pumps in the membrane actively restore the ions to the appropriate side.
Which one of the following pairs of elements does not have diagonal relationship?
Report Question
0%
$$Li$$ and $$Mg$$
0%
$$Be$$ and $$Al$$
0%
$$B$$ and $$Si$$
0%
$$Be$$ and $$Na$$
Explanation
Option $$(D)$$ is correct.
$$Be$$ and $$Na$$ does not have diagonal relationship.
A diagonal relationship is said to exist between certain pairs of diagonally adjacent elements in the second and third periods of the periodic table. These pairs (lithium and magnesium, beryllium and aluminium, boron and silicon etc.) exhibit similar properties.
A typical $$70$$ kg man constitutes $$X$$ kg of sodium and $$Y$$ kg of potassium?
Report Question
0%
$$x=90,\ y=70$$
0%
$$x=90,\ y=170$$
0%
$$x=70,\ y=90$$
0%
$$x=170,\ y=90$$
Explanation
Option $$(B)$$ is correct.
A typical 70 $$kg$$ man constitutes 90
$$kg$$
of sodium and 170
$$kg$$
of potassium.
$$Li$$ and $$Mg$$ resembles each other because
Report Question
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both are s-block elements
0%
both are metals
0%
both have almost same periodic properties
0%
they have same electronic configuration
Explanation
Due to its small size, lithium differs from other alkali metals but resembles with Mg as its size and other periodic properties are closer to Mg. Its resemblance with Mg is known as diagonal relationship.
Correct relation for the size of $$Li$$ and $$Mg$$ is:
Report Question
0%
$$Mg>>Li$$
0%
$$Mg>Li$$
0%
$$Mg=Li$$
0%
$$Mg<Li$$
Explanation
Size of Mg is less than that of Li because of the $$Z_{eff}$$ of Mg. As the protons are added, electrons are attracted with a greater strength towards the core, making the radius of Mg smaller.
Which metal plays an important role in neuromuscular functions, interneuronal transmissions, cell membrane integrity and blood coagulation?
Report Question
0%
Be
0%
Mg
0%
Ca
0%
Ba
Explanation
Calcium plays an important role in neuromuscular functions, interneuronal transmissions, cell membrane integrity and blood coagulation.
Which element has highest concentration in RBC?
Report Question
0%
Iron
0%
Potassium
0%
Sodium
0%
Copper
Explanation
RBCs contain hemoglobin which is red in colour due to presence of Iron
Among the following compound, the thermal stability is least in:
Report Question
0%
$${K}_{2}C{O}_{3}$$
0%
$${Na}_{2}C{O}_{3}$$
0%
$$BaC{O}_{3}$$
0%
$${Li}_{2}C{O}_{3}$$
Explanation
Lithium carbonate $$\displaystyle Li_2CO_3$$ is least thermally stable.
Replacement of the larger carbonate ion by a smaller oxide ion leads to increased lattice energy thus favors decomposition. Also, strong polarizing action of small $$\displaystyle Li^+$$ ion distorts the electron cloud on the nearby oxygen atom of the large carbonate ion to such an extent that the C-O bond gets weakened and Li-O bond becomes stronger which ultimately leads to the decomposition of carbonate to oxide and carbon dioxide.
$$\displaystyle Li_2CO_3 \xrightarrow {\Delta} Li_2O+ CO_2$$
The property of the alkaline earth metals which increases with their atomic number is:
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0%
ionisation energy
0%
electronegativity
0%
solubility of their hydroxides in water
0%
solubility of their sulphates in water
Explanation
Ionization energy decreases as the atomic number increases. It is because of an increase in atomic size due to addition of new shells and an increase in the magnitude of screening effect of the electrons in inner shells.
The electronegativities decreases as the atomic number increases.
The solubility of the alkaline earth metal hydroxides increases with increase in atomic number due to the decrease in lattice energy on moving down the group.
Hence, option $$C$$ is correct.
$$Ca^{2+} $$ is isoelectronic with
Report Question
0%
$$Na$$
0%
$$Mg^{2+} $$
0%
$$Ba^{2+} $$
0%
$$Ar$$
Explanation
Answer is option (D)$$Ar$$
Atomic no. of $$ Ca = 20 $$
$$ Ca^{2+} = 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 , Ar = 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 $$
An alkaline earth metal:
Report Question
0%
potassium
0%
calcium
0%
lead
0%
copper
Explanation
Explanation:
Alkaline earth metals are present in a group $$2$$ in the modern periodic table.
They have a common oxidation state $$+2$$,
Beryllium $$(Be)$$, Magnesium $$(Mg)$$, Calcium $$(Ca)$$, Strontium $$(Sr)$$, Barium $$(Ba)$$, and Radium $$(Ra)$$ belongs to alkaline earth metals.
Explanation for Incorrect Answer:
Potassium is a group $$I$$ element.
Lead and Copper are $$d$$ block elements.
Correct Option : $$B$$
Which element is present in blood plasma in larger quantity?
Report Question
0%
Sodium
0%
Potassium
0%
Iron
0%
Copper
Explanation
Option
$$ (A) $$
is correct.
Sodium is present in blood plasma in larger quantity. It is present in extracellular fluid and interstitial fluids.
Hence, even though sodium diffuses into the cell due to the concentration gradient, there is a sodium pump which pushes it back again.
Which of the following will be sparingly soluble in water?
Report Question
0%
$$Ca_3(PO_4)_2$$
0%
$$CaF_2$$
0%
$$Mg_3(PO_4)2$$
0%
$$NaF$$
Explanation
Fluorides and phosphates of $$Li$$ and $$Mg$$ are sparingly soluble in water whereas those of other alkali metals are soluble in water.
Itching causing ______ crystals are found in colocasia leaves.
Report Question
0%
calcium carbonate
0%
calcium oxalate
0%
calcium sulphate
0%
calcium chloride
Explanation
Itching causing calcium oxalate crystals are found in colocasia leaves. Some varieties of raw or uncooked taro contain tiny crystals of a substance called calcium oxalate which causes itching. If taro is properly cooked, itching can be avoided.
Which of the following elements will form a compound with oxygen in which one atom of the element is combined with one atom of oxygen to form an oxide of formula MO?
Report Question
0%
Be
0%
Ne
0%
Al
0%
Cl
Explanation
Be forms $$BeO$$,Al forms $$Al_2O_3$$, Cl forms $$Cl_2O_7$$, $$Cl_2O$$, $$ClO_2$$ etc.while Ne does not react with oxygen as it is a noble gas. Thus Be is the element which forms oxide of MO type with oxygen.
Which among the following is completely soluble in water?
Report Question
0%
$$NaF$$
0%
$$MgF$$
0%
$$LiF$$
0%
$$Mg_3(PO_4)_2$$
Explanation
Fluorides and phosphates of $$Li$$ and $$Mg$$ are sparingly soluble in water whereas those of other alkali metals are soluble in water.
Fluorides and phosphates of alkali metals are:
Report Question
0%
completely soluble in water
0%
sparingly soluble in water
0%
completely soluble in water except $$Li$$ and $$Mg$$
0%
completely insoluble in water except $$Li$$ and $$Mg$$
Explanation
Fluorides, phosphates of $$Li$$ and $$Mg$$ are sparingly soluble in water whereas those of other alkali metals are soluble in water.
Lithium and magnesium combines with carbon on heating to form:
Report Question
0%
carbonates
0%
carbides
0%
bicarbonates
0%
no such combination takes place
Explanation
Both $$Li$$ and $$Mg$$ combine with carbon on heating to form carbides.
$$2Li + 2C \longrightarrow Li_2C_2$$
$$Mg + 2C \longrightarrow MgC_2$$
A metal carbonate,$$M_xCO_3$$, is heated in a closed container and the product is passed through lime water and lime water turns milky.The metal $$M$$ can be:
Report Question
0%
$$Ba$$
0%
$$Mg$$
0%
$$Na$$
0%
$$K$$
Explanation
Carbonates of $$Li$$ and $$Mg$$ decompose on heating and liberate $$CO_2$$
Carbonates of other alkali metals are stable towards heat and decomposed only by fusion. $$CO_2$$ turns lime water milky.
Which of the following will produce $$CO_2$$ on heating?
Report Question
0%
$$BaCO_3$$
0%
$$Na_2CO_3$$
0%
$$MgCO_3$$
0%
$$CaCO_3$$
Explanation
Carbonates of $$Li$$, $$Ca$$ $$Mg$$ decompose on heating and liberate $$CO_2$$.
Carbonates of other alkali metals are stable towards heat and decomposed only by fusion.
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