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CBSE Questions for Class 12 Medical Chemistry Aldehydes, Ketones And Carboxylic Acids Quiz 1 - MCQExams.com
CBSE
Class 12 Medical Chemistry
Aldehydes, Ketones And Carboxylic Acids
Quiz 1
Which of the following carboxylic acid is most acidic in character -
Report Question
0%
o-methyl benzoic acid
0%
m-methyl benzoic acid
0%
p-methyl benzoic acid
0%
Benzoic acid
Explanation
Acidity
∝
1
+
I
Methyl group shows +I effect. Hence, Benzoic acid is the most acidic one.
Option D is correct.
The IUPAC name of the compound is :
Report Question
0%
2-ethenyl-3-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene
0%
2,5-dimethylhepta-2,6-dienoic acid
0%
2,6-dimethylhepta-2,5-dienoic acid
0%
2,3-dimethylepoxyethane
Which of the following forms a stable hydrate
Report Question
0%
C
H
3
C
O
C
H
3
0%
C
H
3
C
H
O
0%
C
l
3
C
C
H
O
0%
H
C
H
O
C
H
3
C
O
O
H
L
i
A
l
H
4
→
X
C
u
/
300
o
C
→
Y
d
i
l
.
N
a
O
H
→
Z
in the above reaction
Z
is
Report Question
0%
Acetal
0%
Ketal
0%
Aldol
0%
Acid
1-butyne reacts with cold alkaline
K
M
n
O
4
to produce
Report Question
0%
C
H
3
C
H
2
C
H
2
C
O
O
H
0%
C
H
3
C
H
2
C
O
O
H
0%
C
H
3
C
H
2
C
O
O
H
+
C
O
2
0%
C
H
3
C
H
2
C
O
O
H
+
H
C
O
O
H
Explanation
Terminal alkynes on oxidation give a mixture of
C
O
2
and a carboxylic acid with one
C
−
atom less than that of the starting alkyne.
C
H
3
−
C
H
2
−
C
≡
C
H
a
l
k
.
K
M
n
O
4
→
C
H
3
−
C
H
2
−
C
O
O
H
+
C
O
2
Vinegar is present in acetic acid. Curd contains ____ acid.
Report Question
0%
lactic acid
0%
tartaric acid
0%
citric acid
0%
none of these
Explanation
The acid present in curd is lactic acid. It increases the acidity which causes the milk to tangle into solid masses or curds.
The number of carbon atoms in the principle chain of the given compound are :
Report Question
0%
7
0%
5
0%
4
0%
6
Citric acid is present in lemon. Apple contains:
Report Question
0%
lactic acid
0%
malic acid
0%
tartaric acid
0%
oxalic acid
Explanation
Malic acid is a naturally occurring substance and is largely responsible for the sour taste found in apples.
To get DDT , chlorobenzene has to react with which of the following compounds in the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid
Report Question
0%
Trichloroethane
0%
Dichloroacetone
0%
Dichloroacetaldehyde
0%
Trichloroacetaldehyde
Explanation
trichloroacetaldehyde reacts with chlorobenzene in the presence of conc.
H
2
S
O
4
to produce DDT.
Hence option D is correct
The correct structure representation of carboxylate ion is
Report Question
0%
0%
0%
0%
Explanation
The correct structural representation of carboxylate ion is
R
C
O
O
−
Hence, Option "A" is the correct answer.
Compounds formed during formation of product B and the final product B is:
Report Question
0%
0%
0%
0%
Arrange the following compounds in increasing order of their reactivity in nucleophilic addition reactions.
Ethanal, Propanal, Propanone, Butanone
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0%
Butanone < Propanone < Propanal < Ethanal
0%
Propanone < Butanone < Ethanal > Propanal
0%
Propanal < Ethanal < Propanone < Butanone
0%
Ethanal < Propanal < Propanone < Butanone
Explanation
In nucleophilic reaction, less steric reactant is preferred.
So answer is Butanone<Propanone<propanal<ethanal
Arrange the following carbonyl compounds in decreasing order of reactivity towards nucleophilic addition:
Report Question
0%
D < A > B > C
0%
B > C > A > D
0%
D > A < B < C
0%
D <A < B < C
Which carbonyl group of the given compound is most reactive for hydration:
Report Question
0%
3
0%
1
0%
2
0%
All have equal reactivity
What is the order of indicated bond length for the above set of molecules:
Report Question
0%
I
>
I
I
>
I
I
I
>
I
V
0%
I
I
>
I
I
I
>
I
>
I
V
0%
I
V
>
I
>
I
I
>
I
I
I
0%
I
V
>
I
I
I
>
I
I
>
I
Which of the following has longest bond length?
Report Question
0%
C
=
O
0%
N
=
O
0%
C
=
C
0%
C
=
N
Which of the following products is/are correctly mentioned in the following reaction.
Report Question
0%
H
C
H
O
N
a
O
D
→
H
C
O
O
N
a
+
C
H
3
O
D
0%
H
C
D
O
N
a
O
D
→
D
C
O
O
N
a
+
C
H
2
D
O
H
0%
H
C
D
O
N
a
O
D
→
D
C
O
O
E
t
+
D
C
H
3
O
N
a
0%
D
2
C
O
N
a
O
D
→
D
C
O
O
N
a
+
C
D
3
O
D
Explanation
Cannizzaro reaction.
The strongest of the four acids listed below is:
Report Question
0%
H
C
O
O
H
0%
C
H
3
C
O
O
H
0%
C
l
C
H
2
C
O
O
H
0%
F
C
H
2
C
O
O
H
Explanation
As the fluorine is electronegative atom stabilises the conjugate base, hence it is stronger acid.
Which is the best method for carrying out the following reaction ?
Report Question
0%
+
C
O
O
H
;
H
N
O
3
/
H
2
S
O
4
0%
C
H
3
C
l
/
A
l
C
l
3
;
H
N
O
3
/
H
2
S
O
4
;
K
M
n
O
4
/
H
+
,
h
e
a
t
0%
C
H
3
C
l
/
A
l
C
l
3
;
K
M
n
O
4
/
H
+
,
h
e
a
t
;
H
N
O
3
/
H
2
S
O
4
0%
H
N
O
3
/
H
2
S
O
4
;
C
H
3
C
l
/
A
l
C
l
3
;
K
M
n
O
4
/
H
+
,
h
e
a
t
Reaction of aldehydes and ketones with which reagent gives oxime?
Report Question
0%
N
H
2
−
N
H
2
0%
N
H
3
0%
C
6
H
5
−
N
H
−
N
H
2
0%
N
H
2
O
H
C
H
3
−
C
H
2
−
C
H
O
1
)
N
H
2
O
H
/
Δ
→
2
)
(
C
H
3
C
O
)
2
O
,
3
)
H
3
O
+
′
X
′
Then 'X' is
Report Question
0%
C
H
3
C
O
O
H
0%
C
H
3
−
C
H
2
−
C
O
O
H
0%
C
H
3
C
O
N
H
2
0%
C
H
3
C
H
2
C
H
O
Identify the combination of compounds that undergo Aldol condensation followed by dehydration to produce but-2-enal:
Report Question
0%
methanal and ethanal
0%
two moles of ethanal
0%
methanal and propanone
0%
ethanal and propanone
Which of the following statement is not true?
Report Question
0%
Aldehyde and ketone give nucleophilic addition reactions.
0%
Aldehyde and ketone give electrophilic addition reactions.
0%
Aldehyde and ketones possess a polar carbonyl group.
0%
Aldehydes and ketones having lower molar mass are soluble in water due to H-bond.
Which of the following is an example of nucleophilic addition reaction?
Report Question
0%
C
H
≡
C
H
+
C
l
2
→
C
H
C
l
=
C
H
C
l
0%
C
H
≡
C
H
H
C
l
,
C
H
3
C
O
O
H
→
C
H
2
=
C
H
C
l
0%
C
H
≡
C
H
N
a
N
H
2
→
C
H
≡
C
−
N
a
+
0%
C
H
≡
C
H
+
H
2
O
H
+
,
H
g
2
+
/
Δ
→
C
H
3
C
H
O
Heptanol
C
r
O
3
/
H
2
S
O
4
→
?
Report Question
0%
Heptanal
0%
Heptanoic acid
0%
Ethanal+ Proponal
0%
None of these
The systematic name of
(
C
H
3
)
2
C
H
−
C
O
O
H
Report Question
0%
2-Propanoic acid
0%
Isobutanoic acid
0%
2-Methyl propanoic acid
0%
2-Methyl butanoic acid
IUPAC name of
C
H
3
C
H
2
C
H
2
C
O
C
H
3
is
Report Question
0%
2-pentanone
0%
Pentan-2-one
0%
Pentanone-2
0%
all the above
Which one is most reactive towards nucleophilic addition reaction?
Report Question
0%
0%
0%
0%
Which of the following IUPAC name will be used to name carboxylic acid functional group?
Report Question
0%
-one
0%
-oic acid
0%
-al
0%
-ane
Explanation
The following IUPAC name will be used to name carboxylic acid functional group is -oic acid.
Hence option B is correct.
The carboxylic acid includes the functional group:
Report Question
0%
carboxyl and amine group
0%
carboxyl and amide group
0%
carboxyl and hydroxyl group
0%
carboxyl and amine functional group
Explanation
The carboxylic acid includes the functional group carboxyl and hydroxyl group
Hence option C is correct.
In the following sequence of reactions
T
o
l
u
e
n
e
K
M
n
O
4
→
A
S
O
C
l
2
→
B
H
2
/
P
d
→
B
a
S
O
4
C
; then product
C
is:
Report Question
0%
C
6
H
5
C
O
O
H
0%
C
6
H
5
C
H
3
0%
C
6
H
5
C
H
2
O
H
0%
C
6
H
5
C
H
O
Explanation
The oxidation of toluene with
K
M
n
O
4
gives benzoic acid.
Thionyl chloride converts carboxylic group to acid chloride.
Reaction with hydrogen in presence of palladium and barium sulphate gives benzaldehyde.
Option D is correct.
The IUPAC name of the following compound is :
H
3
C
−
C
H
3
|
C
H
−
O
H
|
C
H
−
C
H
2
−
C
O
O
H
Report Question
0%
2-Methyl-3-hydroxypentan-5-oic-acid
0%
4,4-Dimethyl-3-hydroxy butanoic acid
0%
3-Hydroxy-4-methylpentanoic acid
0%
4-Methyl-3- hydroxypentanoic acid
Explanation
Solution:- (C)
3
-Hydroxy-
4
-methylpetanoic acid
C
5
H
3
−
C
H
3
|
C
4
H
−
3
C
|
O
H
H
−
2
C
H
2
−
1
C
O
O
H
Pyruvic acid is obtained by:
Report Question
0%
oxidation of acetaldehyde cyanohydrin
0%
oxidation of formaldehyde cyanohydrin
0%
oxidation of acetone cyanohydrin
0%
None of the above
Explanation
Acetaldehyde with HCN gives acetaldehyde cyanohydrin
C
H
3
C
H
O
+
H
C
N
⟶
C
H
3
C
H
(
C
N
)
−
O
H
on oxidation it gives,
C
H
3
C
H
(
C
N
)
−
O
H
⟶
C
H
3
C
H
(
O
H
)
−
C
O
O
H
C
H
3
C
H
(
O
H
)
−
C
O
O
H
⟶
C
H
3
C
(
C
O
O
H
)
=
O
gives pyruvic acid.
(
1
)
C
6
H
5
−
O
|
|
C
−
C
6
H
5
(
2
)
C
6
H
5
−
C
H
O
(
3
)
p
−
C
H
3
−
C
6
H
4
−
C
H
O
(
4
)
p
−
C
H
3
O
−
C
6
H
4
−
C
H
O
Correct order for nucleophilic addition reaction.
Report Question
0%
2
>
1
>
3
>
4
0%
4
>
3
>
2
>
1
0%
2
>
3
>
4
>
1
0%
4
>
2
>
3
>
1
Explanation
Reactivity of carbonyl compounds towards nucleophilic addition reaction depends on the presence of substituted group. Aldehydes are more reactive than ketone for nucleophilic addition reaction.
Electron withdrawing
(
−
I
,
−
M
)
group increased reactivity towards nucleophilic addition reaction.
As the
−
O
C
H
3
and
C
H
3
groups shows
+
R
and
+
I
effect hence the reactivity decreases.
Thus the correct order is-
2
>
3
>
4
>
1
Find the product of the given reaction:
Report Question
0%
0%
0%
0%
(i)
F
3
C
−
C
O
O
H
(ii)
C
H
3
C
O
O
H
(iii)
C
6
H
5
C
O
O
H
(iv)
C
H
3
C
H
2
C
O
O
H
Correct order of
p
K
a
value is?
Report Question
0%
1
>
3
>
2
>
4
0%
4
>
2
>
3
>
1
0%
4
>
3
>
2
>
1
0%
1
>
2
>
4
>
3
Explanation
Solution:- (B)
4
>
2
>
3
>
1
As we know that stronger the acid, lower the value of p{K}_{a}$$.
Hence the correct order of
p
K
a
value is-
4
>
2
>
3
>
1
The carbonyl carbon is:
Report Question
0%
electrophilic
0%
nucleophilic
0%
amphoteric
0%
lewis base
Explanation
The carbon-oxygen double bond is polarised due to higher electronegativity of oxygen relative to carbon. Hence, the carbonyl carbon is an electrophilic (lewis acid) and carbonyl oxygen is, a nucleophilic (lewis base) centre.
Which of the following is the functional group for carboxylic acids?
Report Question
0%
0%
0%
-OH
0%
Ethanoic acid is obtained by the ..... of ethanol.
Report Question
0%
Combustion
0%
Oxidation
0%
Reduction
0%
Subsitution
Explanation
Alcohols get oxidised to carboxylic acids with the help of alkaline
K
M
n
O
4
or acidified
K
2
C
r
2
O
7
.
C
2
H
5
O
H
A
l
k
.
K
M
n
O
4
or Acidic
K
2
C
r
2
O
7
C
H
3
C
O
O
H
Ethanoic acid is obtained by the oxidation of ethanol.
The acid present in curd/sour milk is:
Report Question
0%
acetic acid
0%
formic acid
0%
lactic acid
0%
hydrochloric acid
Explanation
Curd forms due to the chemical reaction between lactic acid bacteria and milk protein casein.
During fermentation, the bacteria produce ATP from lactose. Lactic acid is the byproduct of ATP production during curdling.
Hence, option C is correct.
H
C
H
O
R
e
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
→
A
P
a
n
d
I
2
→
B
K
C
N
→
C
H
y
d
r
o
l
y
s
i
s
→
D
What is
D
?
Report Question
0%
Acetic acid
0%
Ethylamine
0%
Acetamide
0%
None of these
Explanation
H
C
H
O
m
e
t
h
a
n
a
l
R
e
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
→
C
H
3
O
H
m
e
t
h
a
n
o
l
(
A
)
P
+
I
2
→
C
H
3
I
m
e
t
h
y
l
i
o
d
i
d
e
(
B
)
K
C
N
→
C
H
3
C
N
m
e
t
h
y
l
c
y
a
n
i
d
e
(
C
)
H
y
d
r
o
l
y
s
i
s
→
C
H
3
C
O
O
H
a
c
e
t
i
c
a
c
i
d
(
D
)
Lower aldehyde and ketones attributed to the formation of ______bonding with water molecules.
Report Question
0%
Sigma bonding
0%
pii bonding
0%
Covalent bonding
0%
Hydrogen bonding
Explanation
Lower members of aldehydes and ketones are misible with water because they form hydrogen bonds with water. The carbonyl carbon is electrophillic (lewis acid) and carbonyl oxygen is nuceophillic (lewis base). The dipole movement of carbonyl compounds is due to the highly polar character of the carbonyl group.
Which of the following is the functional group for carboxylic acids?
Report Question
0%
0%
0%
0%
Explanation
The carboxyl functional group that caracterizes the carboxylic acid is unusual in that it is composed of two functional group : (1) the carboxyl group and (2) of a hydroxyl group bonded to a carbonyl group . It is often written in condensed form as
–
C
O
2
H
or
–
C
O
O
H
.
Ketones reacts with Mg - Hg over water and give:
Report Question
0%
Alcohols
0%
pinacolones
0%
pinacols
0%
none of these
Explanation
Ketones reacts with Mg-Hg over water gives pinacols.
Hence, option C is correct.
Which has a smell of oil of winter green?
Report Question
0%
Ethyl salicylate
0%
Methyl salicylate
0%
Benzaldehyde
0%
Phenyl salicylate
Explanation
Methyl salicylate (oil of wintergreen or wintergreen oil) is an organic compound with the formula
C
6
H
4
(
O
H
)
(
C
O
2
C
H
3
)
.
It is produced by many species of plants, particularly wintergreens. It is also produced synthetically, used as a fragrance, in foods and beverages, and in liniments.
In cold region during winter ______ freezes at room temperature itself and looks ice.
Report Question
0%
Palmitic acid
0%
Linoleic acid
0%
Oleic acid
0%
Ethanoic acid
Explanation
Ethanoic Acid
freezes during
winters
and forms a glacier like appearance; therefore it is also sometimes referred to as glacial
acetic acid
and is a very common laboratory chemical.
The IUPAC name of the given compound is:
Report Question
0%
4-pentanone
0%
Pentanone-2
0%
Pentan-2-one
0%
none of the above
Explanation
The correct IUPAC name is 2- Pentanone or Pentan-2-one. The parent hydrocarbon contains 5
C
atoms.
Hence the given compound is derivative of pentane. The second carbon atom has carbonyl group. Hence,
e
from pentane is replaced with
o
n
e
to obtain pentanone.
The position of carbonyl group is represented by number 2.
Option C is correct.
Functional group in saturated carboxylic acid is
:
Report Question
0%
−
C
O
O
H
0%
−
C
H
O
0%
−
O
H
0%
−
S
O
3
H
Explanation
Carboxylic acid: R- COOH
functional group is: -COOH
Hence, the correct option is
A
C
H
3
C
H
2
C
l
a
q
.
K
O
H
→
X
K
2
C
r
2
O
7
/
H
+
→
Y
Which of the following represents Y?
Report Question
0%
Ethylene
0%
Acetic acid
0%
Acetylene
0%
Acetone
Explanation
C
2
H
5
C
l
a
q
.
K
O
H
→
C
2
H
5
−
O
H
K
2
C
r
2
O
7
,
H
+
→
C
H
3
C
O
O
H
X
: Ethanol
Y
: Acetic acid
C
6
H
5
C
O
N
H
2
H
3
O
+
→
Δ
A
+
N
H
3
In this reaction,
A
is ___________.
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0%
C
6
H
6
0%
C
6
H
5
C
O
O
H
0%
C
6
H
5
N
H
2
0%
C
6
H
5
C
N
Explanation
When benzamide is hydrolyzed, it produces benzoic acid and ammonia.
The reaction is:
C
6
H
5
C
O
N
H
2
H
3
O
+
→
Δ
C
6
H
5
C
O
O
H
+
N
H
3
0:0:3
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Answered
1
Not Answered
49
Not Visited
Correct : 0
Incorrect : 0
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