Globe Latitudes And Longitudes - Class 6 Geography - Extra Questions

The intensity of heat depends on the latitude. The heat of the sun is more in low latitudes in the high latitudes. The sun's rays fall perpendicularly over the equatorial region throughout the year while they fall in inclined direction over the polar areas. As a result, the equatorial region is much warmer than the polar region.

The difference of 2 hours is the local time difference, if we travel from Gujarat to Arunachal Pradesh.

The latitudinal value of the Tropic of Cancer is $$23\frac{1}{2}^o$$ N.

The Poles.

The mid-day sun directly faces the area between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn. So the heat received is maximum at these latitudes. These latitudes fall under the Torrid Zone.

In geography, longitude refers to the imaginary lines that bisect the globe through the North and South Poles (the ones that run vertically, as opposed to the lines of latitude that run horizontally, parallel to the equator).

(a) Torrid,  (b) Temperate, (c) Temperate, (d) Frigid, (e) Torrid. 

In India, the longitude
of 8212 E (82 30'E) is treated as the standard
meridian. The local time at this meridian is taken as
the standard time for the whole country. It is known
as the Indian Standard Time (IST). The local time of places which are on different
meridians are bound to differ. For example, it will be
difficult to prepare a time-table for trains which cross
several longitudes. In India, for instance, there will be
a difference of about 1 hour and 45 minutes in the
local times of Dwarka in Gujarat and Dibrugarh in
Assam. It is, therefore, necessary to adopt the local
time of some central meridian of a country as the
standard time for the country. 

In any sphere the circumference is lengthier at 0°. So equator is lengthiest latitude and the degree increases or move away from equator to pole the circumference of globe decreases hence latitudinal length also decreases. The length of a parallel increases as we move away from the poles towards the equator.

Latitude is an angle (defined below) which ranges from 0° at the Equator to 90° (North or South) at the poles. Lines of constant latitude, or parallels, run east–west as circles parallel to the equator. Latitude is used together with longitude to specify the precise location of features on the surface of the Earth.

Unlike parallels of latitude, all meridians are of equal
length. Thus, it was difficult to number the meridians.
Hence, all countries decided that the count should
begin from the meridian which passed through
Greenwich, where the British Royal Observatory is
located. This meridian is called the Prime Meridian.
Its value is 0 longitude and from it we count 180
eastward as well as 180 westward. The Prime Meridian
and 180 meridian divide the earth into two equal halves, the Eastern Hemisphere
and the Western Hemisphere.

The longitudes are identified with the help of degrees. Prime meridian represents the zero degrees longitude. In the Eastern Hemisphere, the longitudes are designated as degrees east (°E), e.g. 10°E, 20°E, and so on till 180°. Same is the case with the Western Hemisphere. Further, the degrees are divided into minutes and minutes into seconds.

The mid-day sun never shines overhead on any latitude beyond the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn. The angle of the suns rays goes on decreasing towards the poles. As such, the areas bounded by the Tropic of Cancer and the Arctic Circle in the Northern Hemisphere, and the Tropic of Capricorn and the Antarctic Circle in the Southern Hemisphere, have moderate temperatures. These are, therefore, called temperate zones. 

Areas lying between the Arctic Circle
and the North Pole in the Northern
Hemisphere and the Antarctic Circle and
the South Pole in the Southern
Hemisphere, are very cold. It is because
here the sun does not rise much above the horizon. Therefore, its rays are
always slanting and provide less heat.
These are, therefore, called Frigid
Zones (very cold).

• The area of subtropical high pressure is located between latitudes 25 degrees and 35 degrees north and south latitude. These high-pressure zones are called the horse-latitude. 
  
• The meteorologists believe that these subtropical high-pressure cells are dynamically produced due to the rotation of the earth.  These high-pressure cells are the key points in the distributional pattern of air pressure over the globe.
  

The equator (0°), the North Pole (90°N) and the South Pole (90° S), there

At about 30°North and South of Equator lies the area where the ascending equatorial air currents descend. This area is thus an area of high pressure. It is also called as the Horse latitude. Winds always blow from high pressure to low pressure.

23 1/2 degree S.

The Tropic of Capricorn (or the Southern Tropic) is the circle of latitude that contains the subsolar point on the December (or southern) solstice. It is thus the southernmost latitude where the Sun can be directly overhead. Its northern equivalent is the Tropic of Cancer.

The heat zones of the Earth are: the Torrid Zone, the Temperate Zones and the Frigid Zones.

The advantage of the globe is that it promotes visual accuracy. Students need to use a globe frequently if they are to form accurate mental maps. The advantage of the world map is that you can see the entire world at one time. The disadvantage is that world maps distort shape, size, distance, and direction.

• Parallels of latitudes: All of the imaginary circles parallel to the Equator are called parallels of latitudes. These circles have varying centres and all these central points lie on the same line: the axis of the earth. 
  
• Meridians of longitudes: All of the imaginary circles perpendicular to the Equator are called meridians of longitudes. These circles have the same centre, which is also the centre of the earth.
  

Heat zones are the different zones of the earth, where the sun's rays fall differently, thus causing different climate patterns. These zones are called the Torrid Zone, the two Temperate Zones, and the two Frigid Zones. The Torrid Zone is very hot since the sun shines overhead here. The Temperate Zones maintain a moderate climate, and the Frigid Zones are extremely cold. 

The North had become industrialized, so having high tariffs on foreign products meant that people had to buy domestically, i.e. from the North.

The South, on the other hand, was still agricultural. This meant they had to buy all the manufactured goods. Implementing a high tariff meant that the things they needed to buy were more expensive than before. The South also exported a lot of their crops, so having a high tariff would also mean less profit.

We use a globe when we want to study the earth as a whole.

The Standard Meridian of India passes through Mirzapur in uttar Pradesh.

The three different temperatures zones are as follows :-
(1) Torrid zone 
(2) Temperature zone
(3) Frigid zone