Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen - Class 12 Medical Chemistry - Extra Questions

Complete the following with appropriate structure: 
$$\displaystyle 2,3-\text{dinitroaniline}\xrightarrow [ (ii)Anisole ]{ (i){ NaNO }_{ 2 }\ and\ HCl\ at\ { 5 }^{ o }C } (A)$$


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Amines are classified as primary, secondary and tertiary amine.
(a) Represent the structure of secondary and tertiary amine.
(b) How will you convert nitrobenzene to aniline?
(c) Aniline does not undergo Friedel-Crafts reaction. Why?


(b) Conversion of $$\text{nitrobenzene}$$ to $$\text{aniline}$$:
$$\text{Nitrobenzene}$$, on reduction with  $$\text{Sn/HCl}$$ gives $$\text{aniline}$$.

(c) Aniline does not undergo Friedel-Crafts reaction (alkylation and acetylation) due to salt formation with aluminum chloride, the Lewis acid, which is used as a catalyst. Due to this, the nitrogen of aniline acquires positive charge and hence acts as a strong deactivating group for further reaction.

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Why does acetylation of $$-NH_2$$ group of aniline reduce its activity ?

The electron density on nitrogen decreases with the acetylation of $$-N{H}_{2}$$ group of aniline and thus activation effect reduces.


A secondary amine consists__________ group.

secondry amine is consists imino group


Give the diazotisation reaction of aniline. Also give the chemical reaction involved in the preparation of red azo dye and light yellow azo dye.

The nitrosation of primary aromatic amines with nitrous acid (generated in situ from sodium nitrite and a strong acid, such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, or $$HBF_4$$) leads to diazonium salts.
Diazonium salts are important intermediates for the preparation of halides (Sandmeyer Reaction, Schiemann Reaction), and azo compounds.
Red Azo dye:
The naphthalen-2-ol ($$\beta$$-naphthol) is dissolved in sodium hydroxide solution and is cooled and mixed with the diazonium chloride solution.
An intense orange-red precipitate is formed.
Yellow azo dye:
The aniline is mixed with the diazonium chloride solution. An yellow colored precipitate is formed.

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Write short notes on Coupling reaction



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Write short notes on Diazotisation


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Give an example for each describe the following reactions.
Coupling reaction

The reaction of diazonium salt with phenols and aromatic amines to form azo compounds of the general formula $$ Ar - N = N - Ar$$ is called coupling reaction. The coupling with phenol takes place in mildly alkaline medium while with amines it occurs under faintly acidic condition. 
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Class 12 Medical Chemistry Extra Questions