Sectors Of The Indian Economy - Class 10 Economics - Extra Questions

For each of the sectors that we came across in this chapter why should one focus on employment and GDP? Could there be other issues which should be examined? Discuss.

i)For each of the sectors that we came across in this chapter, one should focus on employment and GDP because these determine the development of a country in terms of its economic growth.
ii) A focus on employment and GDP helps determine two important things- per capita income and productivity.
iii) Hence, in each of the three sectors, employment rate and status, as well as its contribution to the GDP, help us understand how that particular sector is functioning and what needs to be done for its further growth.
iv) Other issues which should be examined are as follows:
Poverty,
Health-care facilities,
Education,
Food production, and
Advancement of technology etc.


What was tertiary sector's contribution to the GDP in the year 2010-11?

Tertiary sector contributed 50-60 par cent to the Gross Domestic Product in India in the financial year 2010-11.


Which sector of economy in India bears most of the workforce?

More than half of the workers in the country are working in the primary sector, mainly in agriculture producing only a quarter of the GDP. There are more people in agriculture than necessary.



There are some activities which government has to do, not everything can be done by private sector. Explain.

There are some activities, which the government has to support. The private sector may not continue their production or business unless government encourages it. For example, selling electricity at the cost of generation may push up the costs of production of goods in many industries. Many units, especially small-scale units, might have to shutdown. Government here steps in by producing and supplying electricity at rates which these industries can afford. Government has to bear part of the cost.


Greater the development of the primary and secondary sectors, more would be the demand for services. Discuss

The development of agriculture and industry leads to the development of services such as transport, trade, storage. Greater the development of the primary and secondary sectors, more would be the demand for such services. as income levels rise, certain sections of people start demanding many more services like eating out, tourism, shopping, private hospitals, private schools, professional training etc.


Workers in the agricultural sector are underemployed. Explain

Underemployment is a situation where people are apparently working but all of them are made to work less than their potential. This kind of underemployment is hidden in contrast to someone who does not have a job and is clearly visible as unemployed. Hence, it is also called disguised unemployment
There are lakhs of small and marginal farmers in India. This means that even if we remove a lot of people from agricultural sector and provide them with proper work else where, agricultural production will not suffer. The incomes of the people who take up other work would increase the total family income.


Which was the largest producing sector in  2003?  What was its contribution to the  GDP?
1953281_c9c09caa04374cb6ac8eaac1fcd5eb71.png

The tertiary sector was the largest producing sector in  2003  as its contribution to  GDP  was around  51%.


What was the main reason for the highest increase in  GDP  in this sector in comparison to other sectors?
1953282_478bf8cb48f2416f94b3fc3b93af997b.png

The main reason for the highest increase in  GDP  in the tertiary sector was that due to economic development, the income of people increased.  It results in more demand for services like tourism,  shipping,  private schools, and hospitals, etc.


The following table gives the GDP in Rupees (Crores) by the three sectors:
YearPrimarySecondaryTertiary
200052,00048,5001,33,500
20138,00,50010,74,00038,68,000
(i) Calculate the share of the three sectors in GDP for 2000 and 2013.
(ii) Show the data as a bar diagram similar to Graph 2 in the chapter.
(iii) What conclusions can we draw from the bar graph?

(i) In 2000,
primary sector = 22.22%, secondary sector = 20.73%, tertiary sector = 57.04%

In 2013,
primary sector = 13.94%, secondary sector = 18.70%, tertiary sector = 67.36%.

(ii) Given in figure.

(iii) We can draw the conclusion that the share of the tertiary sector in the GDP has increased by 10%, while that of the primary sector has almost halved. The secondary sector has grown by about 2% in the last 13 years.
2131522_2017300_ans_649fd3087586422cbed34acc1e967335.PNG


When we produce a good by exploiting natural resources, it is an activity of the primary sector. Why?

This is because it forms the base for all other products that we subsequently make. Since most of the natural products we get are from agriculture, dairy, fishing, forestry, this sector is also called agriculture and related sector. 
Take, for example, the cultivation of cotton. It takes place within a crop season. For the growth of the cotton plant, we  depend mainly, but not entirely, on natural factors like rainfall, sunshine and climate. The product of this activity, cotton, is a natural product. Similarly, in the case of an activity like dairy, we are dependent on the biological process of the animals and availability of fodder etc. The product here, milk, also is a natural product. Similarly, minerals and ores are also natural products.


Which was the largest producing sector in  1973? Give one reason.
1953280_82ad26149ccf4800af6e772ba9d57d84.png

The primary sector was the largest producing sector in 1973 because the primary sector had a 45% share in  GDP  because the majority of the population was involved in agriculture due to lack of economic development.


The table above shows the estimated number of workers in India in the organized and unorganized sectors. Read the table carefully. Fill in the missing data and answer the questions that follow.
(i) Which is the most important sector that provides the most jobs to the people?
(ii) What is the number of persons engaged in the unorganized sector?
(iii) Why is the unorganized sector more important?  Give one reason.
(iv) Which is  the  most  important  organised  sector?  Give  one  reason.

1953283_179503938e79404facbf36c7c186eb9b.png

(i) The primary sector is the most important sector that provides the most jobs to the people.
(ii) The number of people engaged in the unorganized sector is  370  million.
(iii) Unorganised sector is more important because it provides employment to a  far greater number of people, especially from lower strata of society,  when compared to those employed by the organized sector. 
(iv) Tertiary sector is the most important organized sector because it employs more people when compared to primary and secondary sectors.  In addition,  it is the backbone that further boosts the growth of primary and secondary sectors. For example, infrastructure and communication help in a smooth flow of goods and services across the country.


The following table gives the GDP in Rs. (crores) by three sectors. read the table carefully and answer the question:
YearPrimarySecondaryTertiary
1950800001900039000
2000314000280000555000

In 1950, the share of primary sector was the highest i.e., 80000 followed by tertiary sector i.e., 39000 and then secondary at 19000.
In 2008 the share of tertiary sector have shown a great hike i.e., 55000 followed by primary at 314000 and then secondary sector at 280000. All the sectors GDP has shown a great hike. as dependence on primary sector is reducing and also New economic policy has shown a great positive impact on Indian economy


What is Gross Domestic Product (GDP)? How is it measured?

The value of the final goods and services produced in each sector during a particular year provides the total production of the sector for that year. Thus, GDP is the sum value of the final goods and services of the three sectors (Primary, Secondary and Tertiary) produced within a country during a particular year. In India, the task of measuring GDP is undertaken by a Central Government Ministry. This ministry, with the help of various government departments of all the Indian states and union territories, collects information relating to total volume of goods and services and their prices and then estimates the GDP.


Calculate the share of the three sectors in GDP for 1950 and 2000

Shares of sectors in GDP for 1950

Total GDP of all the sectors is

80000+19000+39000=138000 Cr

 Share of primary sector=80000/138000*100=57.97%

Share of secondary sector=19000/138000*100=13.76%

Share of tertiary sector=39000/138000*100=28.26%

 

 Shares of sectors in GDP for 2000

Total GDP of all the sectors is

3, 14,000+2, 80,000+5, 55,000=1149000 cr

 Share of primary sector=3, 14,000/1149000*100=27.33%

Share of secondary sector=2, 80,000/1149000*100=24.36%

Share of tertiary sector=5, 55,000/1149000*100=48.30%



Class 10 Economics Extra Questions