Explanation
‘Iqta’ is an Arabic word denoting a sort of administrative regional unit. It is usually considered equivalent to a province. Initially, the Delhi Sultans had divided their empire into several ‘Iqtas’ or provinces or spheres of influence and put them under the charge of officers called ‘Iqtadars’. The number of Iqtas was not fixed. There was no uniformity in their administration. The statements that are correct about Iqta system are-
1) Iqta means revenue assignment of a particular area in lieu of cash salary.
2) The principle of hereditary Iqta was completely rejected by Balban.
3) Ghiyassudin Tughlaq differentiated between the allotment of the revenues within an Iqta for the personal income of the Muqta, and that for the payment of salaries to the troops placed under his charge.
Alauddin Khiliji's market control system died instantaineously with his death because it was not based on the principle of demand and supply. He implemented price control measures by setting up following types of markets in Delhi: the central grain market, plus grocery shops in every neighbourhood, the central market for manufactured commodities and imported goods,markets for slaves and animals,general markets for other commodities.The controller strictly regulated the market prices, and informed Alauddin of any violations. The government strictly punished the shopkeepers who tried to sell goods above the regulated price.
Unlike the previous rulers of the Delhi Sultanate, who had largely relied on the pre-existing administrative set-up, Alauddin Khilji undertook large-scale reforms. Some of Alauddin's land reforms were continued by his successors, like the agrarian reforms. The greatest reform of Alauddin Khilji was in the field of agrarian administration. He bought the peasant in direct relation with state, cutting out the middle man.
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