Overview Of India - Class 8 General Knowledge - Extra Questions

Who is a literate person, according to the Census of $$2001$$? Why is it essential to raise the level of literacy?

According to the Census of $$2001$$, a person aged $$7$$ years and above, who can read and write with understanding in any language, is treated as literate.
(i) Literacy is a very important quality of population. Obviously, only an informed and educated citizen can make intelligent choices and undertake research and development projects.
(ii) Low levels of literacy are a serious obstacle for economic improvement. It is a good sign that there has been a steady improvement in the literacy level in Inida.
(iii) The literacy rate in the country as per the Census of $$2001$$ is $$64.84$$ per cent; $$75.26$$ per cent for males and $$53.67$$ per cent for females.


What do you mean by population density? Give a brief assessment of India's population distribution by density.

(i) By population density, we mean the number of persons per unit area. India is one of the most densely populated countries of the world.
(ii) The population density of India in the year $$2001$$ was $$304$$ persons per sq. km. Densities vary from $$904$$ persons per sq. km in West Bengal to only $$13$$ persons per sq. km in Arunachal Pradesh.
(iii) Rugged terrain and unfavourable climate conditions are primarily responsible for sparse population in some parts of the country.
(iv) Assam and most of the peninsular states have moderate population densities. Hilly dissected and rocky nature of the terrain, moderate to low rainfall, shallow and less fertile soil have influenced population densities in these areas.
(v) The Northern plains and Kerala in the south have very high population densities because of the flat plains with fertile soils and abundant rainfall.


Who are adolescent? Why do they need more attention?

Adolescents are those who come in the age-group of $$10$$ to $$19$$ years. They constitute one-fifth of the total population of India. They need more attention because of the following reasons:
(i) They are the most important resource for the future.
(ii) Nutirtion requirements of adolescents are higher than those of a normal child or adult.
(iii) Poor nutrition can lead to deficiency and stunted growth. But the diet available for the Indian adolescents is inadequate in all nutrients. A large number of adolescent grils suffer from anemia.


Study the Graph and answer the following questions.
(a) In which year did our country cross the 200 million tonnes per year mark in foodgrain production?
(b) In which decade did India experience the highest decadal increase in foodgrain production?
(c) Is production increase consistent in India since 2000-01? 

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(a) In the year 2003-04.
(b) In decade 1990-2000.
(c) No, the production increase is not consistent in India since 2000-01. In 2002-03 the production declined sharply.


Write about military imperialism.

Military Imperialism: The USA's invasion against Iraq with its military power, forced it to have another sort of government favorable to the USA. This is called military imperialism


What is a Factory under Factory Act, 1948?

"Factory" means any premises including the precincts
thereof-
(i)  wherein ten or more workers are working, or were working on any day of preceding twelve months, and in any part of which a manufacturing process is being carried on with the aid of power, or is ordinarily so carried on, or

(ii) whereon twenty or more workers are working, or were working on any day of the preceding twelve months, and in any part of which a manufacturing process is being carried on without the aid of power, or is ordinarily so carried on,- but does not include a mine subject to the operation of
3*[the Mines Act, 1952 (35 of 1952),] or 4*[a mobile unit belonging to the armed forces of the Union, a railway running shed or a hotel, restaurant or eating place].


Put these cities in a proper sequencing 
Srinagar ....... Bangalore ....... Mumbai ......... Bhopal ...... Delhi

Srinagar ....... Delhi....... Mumbai......... Bhopal....... Bangalore


Capital of Gujarat is ________.

Gandhinagar.
The capital city of Gujarat is Gandhinagar.


Explain the following bar graph showing India's population and population growth rates during $$1951-2001$$.
The Magnitude and Rate of India's Population Growth
YearTotal Population
(in millions)		Absolute Increase in the Decade
(in millions)		Annual Growth Rate $$(\%)$$
$$1951$$$$361.0$$$$42.43$$$$1.25$$
$$1961$$$$439.2$$$$78.15$$$$1.96$$
$$1971$$$$548.2$$$$108.92$$$$2.20$$
$$1981$$$$683.3$$$$135.17$$$$2.22$$
$$1991$$$$846.4$$$$163.09$$$$2.14$$
$$2001$$$$1028.7$$$$182.32$$$$1.93$$

(i) The above bar graph reveals that from $$1951$$ to $$1981$$, the annual rate of population growth was steadily increasing which explains the rapid increase in population from $$361$$ million in $$1951$$ to $$683$$ million in $$1981$$.
(ii) Since $$1981$$ however, the rate of growth started declining gradually. During the period, birth rates declined rapidly.
(iii) Still $$182$$ million people were added to the total population in the $$1990$$s alone. In the year $$2001$$ India's population became $$1028$$ million.


Describe the three broad categories of the population of a nation.

The population of a nation is generally grouped into the following three categories.
(i) Children(generally below $$15$$ years): The group of population that comes under this category is economically unproductive and needs to be provided with food, clothing, education and medical care.
(ii) Working Age($$15-59$$ years): They are economically productive and biologically reproductive. They comprise the working population.
(iii) Aged( above $$59$$ years): They can be economically productive though they may have retired. They may be working voluntarily but they are not available for empolyment through recruitment.


What were the reasons that made the conditions of the Russian peasants so deplorable?

Stalin forced the peasants of Russia to cultivate in collective farms known as Kalkhoz. The bulk of land and implements were transferred to the ownership of collective farms. Peasants worked on the land, and the Kalkhoz profit was shared. Some peasants tried to resist but they could not get success. As a result, their condition became deplorable.


What does the $$2001$$ census data reveal?

(i) The $$2001$$ census data reveals that India's population is $$1,028$$ million, which accounts for $$16.7$$ per cent of the world's population. These $$1.02$$ billion people are unevenly distributed over country's vast area.
(ii) Uttar Pradesh with a population size of $$166$$ million people is the most populous state of India. Uttar Pradesh accounts for about $$16$$ per cent of the country's population. On the other hand, the Himalayan state Sikkim has a population of just about $$0.5$$ million and Lakshadweep has only $$60$$ thousand people.
(iii) Almost half of india's population lives in just five states Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Bihar, West Bengal and Andhra Pradesh. 


Why is November 26 celebrated as Constitution Day in India?

The Constitution of India was prepared by Drafting committee, Constituent Assembly and it adopted the Constitution on 26 November,1949. Some of the Provisions came into force on that day while other came into force on 26 January,1950 when the Constitution came into force. The 26 November is celebrated as National Law Day (now Constitution Day) every year in the memory of making of Constitution. The first proposal to celebrate law day was put in 1979.


Answer the following questions in six sentence each:
" The relationship between India and China now days is strained". Substantiate.

— China annexed Tibet against Indian will
 — Indo-China War in 1962
 — Chinas’ claim over Arunachal Pradesh
 — Maoists’ terrorism
 — No International border
 — Line of actual control
 — Nuclear threat
 — Foreign trade challenges
 — Military advancement in border
— Water dispute. 


How did she contribute to the nation and woman's rights?
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She protested against the Constitution and the Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen as women were excluded from basic rights that each human being was entitled to.
In 1791, she wrote a Declaration of the Rights of Woman and Citizen, which she addressed to the Queen and to the members of the National Assembly, demanding that they act upon it.


Class 8 General Knowledge Extra Questions