The last twenty years or so have witnessed the disappearance of at least

(2) 40 species

  • 27 species

  • (3) 12 species

  • 3

  • 7 species

Which of the following is not correct regarding the extinction of species?

(2) More than 15500 species worldwide are facing the threat of extinction

  • Some groups like fishes appear to be more vulnerable to extinction

  • (4) Both  and (3)

  • Presently, 12 percent of all bird species in the world face the threat of extinction.

  • 4

Which of the following is not correct regarding vulnerability data of different groups?

(1) Birds-12 per cent

  • (4) Gymnosperms- 31 per cent

  • (2) Mammals- 23 per cent

  • (3) Amphibians- 27 per cent

  • 4

Fossil records suggest that

  • Large scale of loss of species have happened earlier even before humans appeared on Earth

  • Large scale of loss of species have happened earlier within 1000 years of human evolution

  • Large scale of loss of species have happened earlier just after humans appeared on Earth

  • Large scale of loss of species have happened within 100 years of human evolution.

Which of the following mass extinction is going on

  • 5th

  • 6th

  • 4th

  • 7th

More than …a…..was the time period during which …b….mass extinction has taken place

  • a- more than three billion years

  • a- more than 4.5 billion years

  • b- six extinctions

  • Both A and C

Sixth Extinction presently in progress is different from the previous episodes by some reasons except

  • Difference in the rates

  • Current rate is 100-1000 times faster than previous episodes

  • Human intrusions

  • Extinction of special bird species

Which of the following can be an alarming consequence of sixth extinction?

  • Nearly half of all the species on Earth can be wiped out within the next 100 years

  • Nearly one fourth of all the species on Earth can be wiped out within 200 years

  • Nearly one eighth of all the species on Earth can be wiped out within 100 years

  • Nearly one third of all the species on Earth can be wiped out within 200 years

Which of the following is not a result of loss of biodiversity?

  • Decline in plant production

  • Lowered resistance to environmental perturbations such as drought

  • Increased variability in certain ecosystem processes such as Plant Productivity

  • Decreased variability in certain ecosystem processes such as pest and disease cycle

Which of the following is not a part of Evil Quartet?

  • Habitat loss and Fragmentation

  • Dosage compensation

  • Alien Species Invasions

  • Co-extinctions

The most important cause driving animals and plants to extinction in the Evil Quartet is

  • Habitat loss and Fragmentation

  • Over-Exploitation

  • Alien Species Invasions

  • Co-extinctions

Which of the following give the most dramatic examples of habitat loss?

  • Tropical Rain forest

  • Temperate Deciduous forest

  • Temperate Evergreen forest

  • Grasslands

Once covering more than ……. of  the Earth's land surface, these rain forests now cover no more than……

  • 17,10

  • 14,6

  • 12,4

  • 7,3

Amazon Rain Forests

Which of the following is wrong?

  • Huge and called lungs of Planet

  • Harbour millions of species

  • Amazon forests were being cut and cleared for cultivation of Brassica

  • Conversion to grasslands and for raising beef cattle among the other reasons for cutting of Amazon forests

Which of the following is not correct about Fragmentation?

  • Large habitats are broken up into small fragments due to various human activities

  • Mammals and birds are affected by fragmentation as they need large territory

  • Certain animals with migratory habits are badly affected leading to population decline

  • The main reason for the cause of fragmentation is soya bean cultivation

Which of the following are the extinctions caused by over-exploitation for the last 500 years?

(1) Steller's Sea cow

  • (4) Both  and (2)

  • Passenger Pigeon

  • Dodo

  • 4

Which of the following is wrong information about consequences of Alien Species Invasions?

  • Nile Perch - Alien Species

  • Lake Victoria in East Africa - the ecosystem in which alien species was introduced

  • Cichlid fish: extincted species

  • Number of extincted species: 176

Which of the following is not an example of Alien species for our ecosystems?

  • Carrot Grass

  • Indigenous catfishes

  • Lantana

  • Eichhornia

The recent illegal introduction of the African catfish……..for aquaculture puposes is posing a threat to the indigenous catfishes of our Rivers

  • Clarius gariepinus

  • Cichlid fishes

  • Parthenium

  • Steller's Sea cow

Which of the following is not an example of Co-extinctions?

  • Plant-pollinator mutualism

  • Host-parasite extinction

  • Plant-animal species in an obligatory relationship

  • Fragmentation in Amazon Rain Forests and Species of mammals

Which of the following is not a narrowly utilitarian reasons for the conservation of Biodiversity?

  • Direct economic benefits like cereals, pulses and Fruits

  • Firewood, Fibre, construction material

  • Tannins, lubricants, dyes, resins, perfumes

  • Oxygen, Aesthetic Pleasure

How much Oxygen does Amazon Forest is estimated to produce through photosynthesis?

  • 20 per cent of the total oxygen in the Earth's atmosphere

  • 30 per cent of the total oxygen in the Earth's atmosphere

  • 40 per cent of the total oxygen in the Earth's atmosphere

  • 60 per cent of the total oxygen in the Earth's atmosphere

Which of the following is not categorized under broadly utilitarian reasons of biodiversity?

  • Oxygen

  • Pollination

  • Intangible benefits like walking through thick woods

  • Tannins, lubricants, Perfumes

More than…a…. of the drugs currently sold in the market worldwide are derived from plants and …b…...species of plants contribute to the traditional medicines used by native people around the world.

  • a- 25 per cent

  • b-12000

  • a- 30 per cent

  • a- 39 per cent

Which of the following is an intangible benefits obtained from biodiversity?

  • Aesthetic Pleasure walking through thick woods

  • Watching spring flowers in full bloom

  • Waking up to a Bulbul's song in the morning

  • All of these

Which of the following does not come under ethical argument for the conservation of biodiversity?

  • We owe to millions of plants, animal and microbe species with whom we share this planet

  • We need to realise that every species has an intrinsic value even if it is of no economic use to us

  • We have a moral duty to care for their well being and pass on our biological legacy in good order to future generations

  • They provide us aesthetic pleasures of walking through thick woods. So, to get the same uninterrupted we need to conserve

Ex situ means except

  • Off site conservation

  • Endangered plant or animal is protected

  • They are kept in more protected space than natural area

  • Saving the entire forest to save the tiger

Which of the following is not the problem regarding in situ approach that has been addressed by eminent conservationists?

  • The conflict between development and conservation

  • Unrealistic and economically not feasible to conserve all their biological wealth

  • The number of species waiting to be saved from extinction far exceeds the conservation resources available

  • Human Intrusion is the major cause of its failure

Biodiversity Hotspots

Which of the following is wrong about it?

  • Were identified for maximum protection

  • High levels of species richness

  • High degree of endemism

  • Initially 34 biodiversity hotspots were there

Biodiversity Hotspots:

Which of the following is not true?

(2) Regions of accelerated habitat loss

  • Total 34 in number

  • (3) Covers less than 2 per cent of the Earth's land area

  • 3

  • Strict protection of hotspot can reduce the on going mass extinctions by almost 25 per cent

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