Which industrial products are synthesized from microbes?
A. Antibiotics
B. Fermented beverages
C. Enzymes and chemicals
D. Bioactive molecules
A, C, D
A, B, C, D
A, C
A, B, C
The large vessels for growing microbes on an industrial scale are called:
Petri dish
Digestors
Biogas vessel
Fermentors
Which of the following organisms is used in the production of beverages?
Penicillium notatum
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Aspergillus niger
Clostridium butylicum
The gas responsible for puffing-up appearance of dough comes from:
Fermentation
Aerobic respiration
Photosynthesis
Photorespiration
Which of the following antibiotics was discovered first?
Streptomycin
Neomycin
Erythromycin
Penicillin
Acetic acid is produced by a:
Fungus
Bacterium
Yeast
Virus
Citric acid is produced by:
Acetobacter aceti (a bacterium)
Yeast (a fungus)
Aspergillus niger (a fungus)
Streptococcus (a bacterium)
Which of the following bacteria has a role in removing clots from the blood vessels?
Bacillus thuringiensis
Streptococcus
Lactobacillus
Statins used for lowering blood-cholesterol level are extracted from:
Algae
Bacteria
The bioactive molecule cyclosporin A is used in:
Whooping cough
Diphtheria
Leprosy
Organ-transplant patients
Cyclosporin A is produced from:
Trichoderma polysporum (a fungus)
Bacillus (a bacterium)
Aspergillus (a fungus)
All of these
The primary treatment of sewage involves:
Digestion
Decomposition
Sedimentation and filtration
None of these
The amount of oxygen required by the microbes in the decomposition of organic matter is called:
Chemical oxygen demand
Biochemical oxygen demand
Total oxygen demand
Dissolve oxygen
The mixture of gases released during anaerobic digestion of sludge is called:
Methane
Carbon dioxide
Biogas
Flammable gases
Biogas contains:
CO2
H2S
CH4
The symbiotic association between fungi and roots of higher plants is called:
Lichen
Mycorrhiza
Biofertilizer
BOD
The organisms which are used to enrich the nutrient quality of the soil are called:
Biofertilizers
Methanogens
Which of the following serve as biofertilizer in paddy fields?
Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae)
Fungi
The solids which settle after primary treatment of sewage are called:
Primary sludge
Activated sludge
Flocs
Total solids
Given below are three statements (A-B) each with one or more blanks. Select the option which correctly fills the blanks in the statements Statements:
A. Bioactive molecule, ________ is used as immunosuppressive agent in organ transplant patients, It is produced by the fungus ________.
B. Primary treatment of sewage involves physical removal of small and large particles through ________. Options:
A - Antibiotic, Trichoderma polysporum; B - filtration and sedimentation
A - Cyclosporin A, Trichoderma polysporum; B - filtration and sedimentation
A - Cyclosporin A, Trichoderma polysporum; B - Centrifugation and sedimentation
A - Antibiotic, Trichoderma polysporum; B - Centrifugation and sedimentation
Given below are three statements (A-B) each with one or more blanks. Select the option which correctly fill the blanks in the statements Statements:
A. Microbes consume the major part of the organic matter in the effluent and reduce _________ of sewage.
B. Certain bacteria which grow anaerobically on cellulosic material, produce large amount of methane along with CO2 and H2. The bacteria are commonly called as _________ and one such common bacterium is _________. Options:
A - CO2 demand; B - methanogens, Methanobacterium
A - Carbon; B - methanogens, Methanobacterium
A - biochemical oxygen demand; B - methanogens, Methanobacterium
A - biochemical oxygen demand; B - Methylokorus infemorum
The below diagram shows a typical biogas plant. Which of the following four option, products labelled as A are correctly identified:
A - Sludge; B - Methane, Oxygen; C - Dung, water
A - Sludge; B - Methane, Carbon dioxide; C - Dung, water
A - Sludge; B - Ethylin, Carbon dioxide; C - Dung, water
A - Sludge; B - Methane, Carbon dioxide; C - Sewage
Match the Column-I with Column-II:
Column-I
Column-II
A.
The stage in which physical treatment of sewage is done.
I.
Anaerobic digestion of activated sludge and production of biogas
B.
The stage in which biological treatment of sewage is done.
II.
C.
The names of sediment and supernatant in primary treatment.
III.
Aeration tanks
D.
_______ is carried to aeration tanks from primary settling.
IV.
Primary effluent
E.
Site of flocs growth.
V.
Primary sludge, effluent
F.
Name of the sediment of secondary settling.
VI.
Secondary treatment
G.
The function of sludge digester.
VII.
Primary treatment
I - G, II - F, III - E, IV - D, V - C, VI - B, VII - A
I - A, II - C, III - E, IV - G, V - B, VI - D, VII - F
I - A, II - B, III - C, IV - D, V - E, VI - F, VII - G
I - G, II - F, III - A, IV - B, V - C, VI - D, VII - E
Enzyme which has the fibrinolytic effect is:
Protease
Amylase
Lipase
Streptokinase
Streptomyces
Nitrogen fixation
Rhizobium
Source of antibiotics
Nitrosomonas
Vinegar synthesis
Acetobacter
Nitrification
Which of the combinations is correct?
I
II
III
IV
(1)
B
A
D
C
(2)
(3)
(4)
Microbial biocontrol agent
Organic wastes
Methanobacterium
Saccharomyces
Trichoderma
Cyanobacteria
Nostoc
Statins
Ethanol
Blood-cholesterol lowering agent
Dung
Insect-resistant plant
Bt-cotton
Following is the sewage treatment. In which of the following options, correct word for all the four numbers (1, 2, 3 and 4) are indicated:
1 - Large aeration tanks; 2 - Chemically agitation; 3 - High; 4 - Anaerobic
1 - Large aeration tanks; 2 - Mechanically agitation; 3 - Low; 4 - Anaerobic
1 - Large aeration tanks; 2 - Mechanically agitation; 3 - Low; 4 - Aerobic
1 - Large aeration tanks; 2 - Mechanically agitation; 3 - High; 4 - Anaerobic
Following is the curd formation from milk. In which of the following options, correct word for all the two numbers (1 and 2) are indicated:
1 - Lactic acid; 2 - Increased vitamin B1
1 - Lactic acid; 2 - Increased vitamin B2
1 - Lactic acid; 2 - Increased vitamin B12
1 - Lactic acid; 2 - Increased vitamin C
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