Digestion And Absorption - Class 11 Medical Biology - Extra Questions

State in brief the function of digestive enzymes.



What are Villi ? Mention their functions.



What is the role of saliva in the digestion of food?



At which sites do the proteases act in the small intestine?



Mention the digestive glands associated with alimentary canal in man. Which of them produces maximum enzymes and what is their secretion called?



Mention any two structural features of the small intestine which add to its absorptive capacity.



Explain the process of digestion in the small intestine of man.



While returning from school, Boojho ate chaat from a street hawker. When he reached home, he felt ill and complained of stomach ache . What could be the reason? 



Fill in the blanks with appropriate words.
Small intestine in an adult person is.......... meters long and.......... cm in diameter.



Very short answer type.
Name the location of
crypts of Lieberkuhn



Fill in the blanks with appropriate words.
The major enzyme for digestion of proteins present in the stomach is..........



Villi present on the inner lining of the intestinal wall...



Explain the role of villi in absorption



The conversion of the absorbed digested food into body material is___________.



Name the cells found in the salivary gland.



In which part of the alimentary canal, digestion of glucose starts?



Give the term used for the opening of the stomach into intestine ______________.



What is meant by digestion?



Mention any two ways in which digested food is utilized by the body.



 Large intestine is divided into how many parts?



What is the main cause of fatty liver disease? 



What are finger-like projections of the intestinal wall called?



In which part of alimentary canal does absorption of water, simple sugars and alcohol takes place? 



'Water does not provide nutrients, yet it is an important component of food.' Explain.



State the role of digestive enzymes.



Explain the role of pancreatic juice in digestion.



What makes the movement of the food bolus in the oesophagus easy?



In which part of the digestive system is water absorbed?



Where is digested food absorbed into blood in human body?



What substance is mixed with food in the mouth during chewing?



If villis are absent in small intestine, what will happen?



Fat is digested by which enzyme? 



Define the following terms:
Assimilation 



Name the enzyme which digests:
Sucrose in the ileum 



Name any three glands associated with digestion in humans. Write the names of enzymes secreted by them.



Give the functions of Lacteal?



Why are villi present in the intestine and not in the stomach?



Why does a bread piece taste sweeter, when you chew it?



Short / Long answer type questions.
 How are the nutrients absorbed in the small intestine?



Name three accessory digestive organs in human.



(a) Explain briefly the role of enzymes in the process of digestion in human beings.
(b) In view of road safety what is the permissible level of alcohol in $$100ml$$ of human blood, legally?



Very short answer type.
Which peritoncal extension binds the small intestine to the posterior abdominal wall ?



(a) What product is released after the first step of glucose breakdown? Where does it take place?
(b) How are the small intestines designed to perform absorption of food? 



A person has sour taste in mouth and heart burn.
(a) What is he suffering from?
(b) Why does it happen?
(c) What substance is used as remedy?



Write names of different parts of human digestive system and explain functions of any three parts.



Which one has high pH value?
(i) Blood or distilled water
(ii) Gastric juice or lemon juice



Draw the diagram of villi in small intestine and label its parts.



Distinguish between renin and rennin.



Mumps is caused by .......... virus.



Write names and functions of enzymes present in gastric juice of human.



Where are villi? What is their location and function?



Why intestinal mucosa has microvilli?



Very short answer type.
Mark the odd one in each series
maltase, lactase, sucrase, aminopeptidase



What are the basic layers of the wall of alimentary canal?



Describe the following processes in the body
(a) Coagulation of milk in the alimentary canal. (b) Digestion of fats in the intestine. (c) Digestion of starch in the alimentary canal. (d) Role of bile salts in the digestion and absorption of fats.



What are plicae circulares? Give their location and function.



How are polysaccharides and disaccharides digested?



Mention the processes the food undergoes in the buccal cavity.



Very short answer type.
Name the protozoan which inhabits the intestine of termites.



Fill in the blanks with appropriate words.
Bile consists of.......... , which aid digestion and absorption of..........



Very short answer type.
Mention the most significant function/role of rennin



Very short answer type.
Name two enzymes which take part in the digestion of proteins in our body



Very short answer type.
Define the terms digestion and assimilation



Very short answer type.
Which portion of the small intestine is the longest?



Very short answer type.
Name three enzymes of small intestine, which catalyze the hydrolysis of carbohydrates



Short / Long answer type questions.
What are the four structural features that enhance the effectiveness of the small intestine for absorption and digestion?



Short / Long answer type questions.
If the salivary glands were unable to secrete amylase, what effect would this have on starch digestion)



Short / Long answer type questions.
Name three enzymes of small intestine, which catalyze the hydrolysis of carbohydrates



Short / Long answer type questions.
You had eaten boiled rice at lunch time. Make a list of enzymes it will be acted upon and the changes it will undergo before being absorbed in the small intestine



Short / Long answer type questions.
Is swallowing a voluntary or involuntary action?



Short / Long answer type questions.
How does the absorption of nutrients take place? Discuss the role of blood and lymph vessels



Short / Long answer type questions.
What is caecum? Describe its function.



Short / Long answer type questions.
Explain in detail the digestion of carbohydrates as the food passes through the alimentary canal.



The graph shows how the amount of digested food in the blood leaving the small intestine changed after a student ate a meal. Explain.
1087052_667971dea74f44eeabfdbeea3b283b8a.PNG



Short / Long answer type questions.
Show the digestion of carbohydrates in all parts of human digestive tract



Short / Long answer type questions.
Make a neat and labelled diagram of alimentary canal of man and explain the physiology of protein and fat digestion



Value based questions.
List the features of the small intestine which increase its surface area. Why is this an advantage to the animal concerned?



What is the benefit of not having cartilage between the trachea and oesophagus ?



With the help of a diagram, describe how food gets digested and assimilated in the human digestive system.



Match the following substances to its site of absorption in the alimentary canal



Explain the digestion in the small intestine.



Explain the physiology of digestion in stomach.



Describe the structure and functions of the various parts of the alimentary canal. 



Explain the process of digestion in detail.



Draw the diagram of lingual frenulum.



Name the organ which performs the following function in humans
(a) Absorption of digested food
(b) Absorption of water



Why do doctors advise you to have yogurt or buttermilk if you have indigestion or abdominal discomfort?



How is the small intestine designed to absorb digested food?



What is the role of HCl in our stomach?



Write a short note on digestion of carbohydrate in human body.



Name the cell organelle which has membrane bound filled with powerful digestive enzymes. Mention its one function in the cell.



What is the function of digestive enzymes?



Villi are present in the intestine and not in the stomach. Give reasons.



Describe in detail the process of the digestion in the small intestine.



Describe physiology of digestion in detail.



What happens to the food that remains undigested?



State the function of saliva.



State the function of tongue.



Differentiate between small intestine and large intestine.



Describe the process of ingestion of food



Describe the characteristics of salivary glands and gastric glands.



Describe the process of assimilation of food.



The undigested and unabsorbed substances are passed on to the large instestine. Why?



What is mucus membrane?



What is digestion? Explain the process of digestion in the mouth cavity and stomach 



Why does the action of salivary amylase stop in stomach?



Distinguish between pepsinogen and trypsinogen



The water from the digestive food is mainly absorbed by _______.




Column AColumn B
1Receptor Undigested
2Effector Nitrogenous matter

3cranial nerve excess urea
4caffeineExcess water
5RaphidesLipids 
6Oedemaoptic nerve
7Uremiacalcium oxalate
8Egestion muscle
9Excretioncoffee
10sebumsense organ



Explain why lactose is not absorbed by the small intestine



Explain human digestive system so as to explain the phenomenon of absorption, Assimilation and Egestion.



Match the column I with column II



Name different types of papillae present on the tongue of man. 



Explain the activity which you performed to know that the stomach is protected from the damage being caused by secretion of its own acid?



What is the role of enzymes in digestive system?



What is the role of lysozyme present in saliva?



Our food intake may contain many pathogens. They are controlled by our digestive system. How? 



Write the role of Villi in human digestive system.



What are final products of carbohydrates proteins and fats after their digestion?



If we were to say that "digestion begins in the mouth", how would you explain this? Write.



Give the function of Saliva in digestion.



Match the animals in Column I with their mode of feeding listen in Columa II
 Column I (Animals)Column II (Mode of feeding)
a)House flyi)Biting and chewing
b)Cockroachii)Suckling
c)Mosquitoiii)Sponging
d)Infantsiv)Sucking



The following statements describe the five steps in animal nutrition. Read each statement and give one word for each statement. Write the terms that describe each process.
a) Transportation of absorbed food to different parts of the body and its utilisation.
b) Breaking of complex food substances into simpler and soluble substances.
c) Removal of undigested and unabsorbed solid residues of food from the body.
d) Taking food into the body.
e) Transport of digested and soluble food from the intestine to blood vessels. 



Choose the odd one out from each group and give reasons.
Oesophagus, Small intestine, Large intestine, Rectum 



Write the symptoms when following organs are targeted by microbes.
Liver



Answer the following.

What causes the problem of acidity? What is its effect on the body?



Describe the functions of the stomach? 



Draw the diagram of alimentary canal of man and label the following parts. Mouth, Oesophagus, Stomach, Intestine.



The stomach has how many parts? 



Why is small intestine in herbivores longer than in carnivores? 



Most of the digested food is absorbed in which part of alimentary canal? 



Name three parts in which small intestine can be divided. 



Which enzyme is produced by the salivary gland? 



 The enzyme ptyalin is secreted by which gland? 



How is thorough chewing of food helpful in digestion? 



What is assimilation ?



(a) Name all the digestive enzymes  present in our digestive system that convert complex carbohydrates  into glucose and fats into fatty acid and glycerol. 
(b) Explain the process of digestion of carbohydrates, fats and proteins.
(c) Why do people complain of acidity problems on consuming too much of fats and proteins? 



Briefly explain the main parts of small intestine. 



Name different types of salivary gland. 



Correct the following statements by deleting one of entries (given in bold). 
Saliva contains enzymes that digest starch/protein.



What are the main parts of alimentary canal? 



 Briefly explain the main parts in which colon of large intestine can be divided. 



Stomach is located in upper left portion of the abdominal cavity and has three major parts. Name these three parts. 



Name the following:
The three subdivisions of the small intestine



Correct the statement given below by the right option shown in the bracket against them 
Absorption of amino acids and glycerol takes place in the. (small intestine/ large intestine) 



Given below is a jumbled sequence of the different parts of the human alimentary canal. Rewrite them in the correct sequence
Stomach, Oesophagus. Large intestine, Small intestine, Pharynx 



Name the part of the alimentary canal where major absorption of digested food takes place. What are the absorbed forms of different kinds of food materials? 



Correct the statement given below by the right option shown in the bracket against them 
Dipeptides, disaccharides and glycerides are broken down into simple substances in region of small intestine. (jejunum/ duodenum) 



What are the various enzymatic types of glandular secretions in our gut helping digestion of food? What is the nature of end products obtained after complete digestion of food? 



list the organs of human alimentary canal and name the major digestive glands with their location.



Describe the enzymatic action on fats in the duodenum. 



Write the dental formula of man.



Define the following terms:
Pylorus 



For testing the action of saliva on starch the material has to be kept at a temperature of about  _____ $$^oC$$.



Mention the constituents of food if the end result of the test shows:
Ash that does not burn after continued heating. 



Name the enzyme which digests:
Protein in the duodenum



Mention the constituents of food if the end result of the test shows:
Blue green to deep red with appearance of precipitate when added to Fehling solution



What are the end-products of digestion of:
Proteins



What is emulsification? Write its importance.



What are the layers of the gastrointestinal tract? What are their functions?



Identify $$A,B,C,D$$ and $$E$$ in the given figure.
2018183_6776b6f07c9a4e1f954885cf61789d59.png



Which enzyme, present in saliva, breaks down starch?



Where & how the digested food is absorbed in human beings?



What is the difference between ingestion, digestion, absorption, and elimination?



During dysentery people feel a sense of weakness. What could be the reason?



Answer briefly:
(a) Why are villi present in the intestine and not in the stomach?
(b) How does pepsinogen change into its active form?
(c) What are the basic layers of the wall of alimentary canal?
(d) How does bile help in the digestion of fats?



What is succus entericus?



(a) Draw a labelled diagram of human alimentary canal.
(b) Explain the digestion of fat in our body. Where does this process take place?
(c) What is the role of saliva in the digestion of food?



What is the function of digestive enzyme?



Distinguish between neurotoxic venom and haemolytic venom.



Define digestion. Explain the process of digestion in buccal cavity.



Fill in the blanks with appropriate words.
In the process of digestion, carbohydrates are converted to.......... , proteins to.......... fat to.......... and .........., and nucleic acids to ..........



Fill in the blanks with appropriate words.
The three pairs of salivary glands in human mouth are ..........,.......... and..........



......... Fundamental building blocks of proteins containing an amino group $$(NH_2)$$ and a carboxyl group (COOH) at the alpha carbon atom.



Short / Long answer type questions.
Draw a labelled histological diagram of the T.S. of a mammalian duodenum



Fill in the blanks with appropriate words.
..........catalyzes the hydrolysis of peptide bonds constituted by the carboxylic groups of small neutral amino acids (alanine, glycine, serine)



Very short answer type.
How are long-chain fatty acids and monoglycerides absorbed?



Very short answer type.
Name the two nutrients which are absorbed very rapidly and almost totally from the small intestine 



Very short answer type.
Enumerate the main functions of the large intestine



Very short answer type.
Give the exact location and function of the parotid gland



Give a brief account on the process of digestion in human beings



Class 11 Medical Biology Extra Questions