Class 11 Medical Chemistry - Organic Chemistry Some Basic Principles And Techniques

Name the first organic compound that is prepared in laboratory?

Two inorganic substances are reacted together to obtain urea for the first time in laboratory.

Which compound did Wohler make in the laboratory first?

Wholer synthesis urea in the laboratory.

Why is denatured alcohol not used for drinking?

Denatured alcohol contains poisonous compound so it is injurious to health, therefore, it is not used for drinking. This can cause damage to the internal organs and tissues of the organism.

Write the IUPAC name of the following compound:
$${ CH }_{ 3 }-CH_2-{ \overset { \overset { { CH }_{ 3 } }{ | } }{ CH } }-{ CH }_{ 2 }-{ CH }_{ 3 }$$

Solution:-

$$\underset{\left( 3-methylpentane \right)}{C{H}_{3} - C{H}_{2} - \overset{\underset{|}{C{H}_{3}}}{CH} - C{H}_{2} - C{H}_{3}}$$

The IUPAC name of the given compound is 3-methylpentane. It contains 5 carbon atoms in long chain, hence the prefix is pent-, and the -ane postfix is due to the single bond (alkane). It is 3-methylpentane since it contains the methyl group at $${3}^{rd}$$ carbon.

How name its IUPAC NAME:
$$\left( {cc{l_3}} \right)ccl$$

1302315_1054435_ans_8b0abca009ba42e78a1caf6dab5b25dd.jpg

$$CH_3 -\overset{OH}{\overset{|}{C}H} - \overset{CHO}{\overset{|}{C}H} - CH_2- CH_3$$
What is the name of this compound?

IUPAC name: 2-ethyl -3 - hydroxy butanal.
1074099_1061176_ans_0f56036790d041fc91ed2822c23960eb.png

What is the full form of IUPAC?

International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry is the full form of IUPAC.

Write the IUPAC name of the follwoing compounds?

(a) The given compound is $$C{H}_{2} = CH-CH=C{H}_{2}$$.

Since the compound has a parent chain of $$4$$ carbon atoms containing $$2$$ double bonds at position $$C-1$$ and $$C-3$$ respectively.

The IUPAC name of the compound is $$Buta-$$1,3$4-di-ene.

(b) In second compound the phenol group $$\left( {C}_{6}{H}_{5}-OH \right)$$ contains methy group $4\left( - C{H}_{3} \right)$$ at $$C-2$$.

Hence the IUPAC name of the compound is $$2$$-methyl phenol.

1185420_1066483_ans_a12338d52b47404b8138cd9ecf2a7667.JPG

Write the IUPAC name of the given compound.

IUPAC name: $$2,4-diaminobenzoic$$ $$acid$$
1157816_1099037_ans_a290d528f0f844e8b6efc168afe76b84.png

Name the following compounds according to IUPAC system
$${ CH }_{ 3 }-\underset { \underset { { CH }_{ 3 } }{ | } }{ C } =\underset { \underset { Br }{ | } }{ C } -CH_{ 2 }OH$$

The IUPAC name for the given compound is $$2$$-bromo-$$3$$-methylbut-$$2$$-en-$$1$$-ol.

$$2$$-bromo is for the bromine group attached at $$C-2$$, $$3$$-methyl is for the methyl group attached at $$C-3$$, but-$$2$$-en is for the long chain of $$4$$ carbon atoms with double bond at $$C-2$$ and $$1$$-ol is for the alcohol group attached at $$C-1$$.

Hence the IUPAC name for the given compound is $$2$$-bromo-$$3$$-methylbut-$$2$$-en-$$1$$-ol.

Give $$ IUPAC $$ name of $$ CH_2=CH-CH=CH_2 $$

$$\overset {4}{C}H_2=\overset {3}{C}H-\overset {2}{C}H=\overset {1}{C}H_2$$

$$Buta-1,3-diene$$

IUPAC name of this compound is:

$$Br−CH_2−CH=CH−CH_3$$

The given compound is-

$$Br-C{H}_{2}-CH=CH-C{H}_{3}$$

As the given compound contains one bromide group $$\left( -Br \right)$$ at $$C-1$$ while a double bond at $$C-2$$. Hence the IUPAC name of the compound is $$1$$-Bromobut-$$2$$-ene.

Name the functional group present in $$C{ H }_{ 3 }CHO$$ .

This is a carbonyl compound. It has aldehyde group i.e. CHO

Write the IUPAC name of the compound.

In the given compound, the parent chain contain three carbon atom.

The second carbon atom in the chain is carbonyl carbon atom.

The $$-OH$$ group is attached to the carbon number 1 and 3.

Thus, the IUPAC name of the compound $$1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-one$$

Write the IUPAC name of the given compound.

$$CH_{3}CH_{2}CH_{2}CH_{2}CH_{3}$$

The given compound is :

$$CH_{3}-CH_{2}-CH_{2}-CH_{2}-CH_{3}$$

Its IUPAC name is pentane.

Name the compound
$$CH_3 - CH = CH_2$$

$$\overset{3}{C}H_3-\overset{2}{C}H=\overset{1}{C}H_2$$

IUPAC name is Propane.

Number of carbon=3

One double bond is present so it is an alkene.

Name the functional group present in $$C_2H_5OH$$.

The functioal group present in $$C_{2}H_{5}-OH$$ is alcohol.

Here $$-OH$$ group is alcohol group.

The given compound is ethanol.

Name the functional group present in $$HCOOH$$.

The functional group present in $$H-COOH$$ is carboxylic acid.

The given compound is Formic acid.

Here $$-COOH$$ is carboxylic acid group.

Name the compound.
$$CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-CH_2-CH_2-CH_2-CH_2-CH_3$$

The given compound is :

$$CH_{3}-CH_{2}-CH_{2}-CH_{2}-CH_{2}-CH_{2}-CH_{2}-CH_{3}$$

IUPAC Name : Octane

Name of the following compound.
$$H_2C = CH - CH_2 - CH_{2} - CH_3 $$

The given compound is :

$$H_{2}C=CH-CH_{2}-CH_{2}-CH_{3}$$

Its IUPAC name is pentene.

Name the functional group present in $$CH_3COCH_3$$

The functional group present in $${ H }_{ 3 }C-C-C{ H }_{ 3 }\\ \quad \quad \quad \parallel \\ \quad \quad \quad O$$ in the ketone $$(-C-)\\ \quad \parallel \\ \quad O$$.

Write the IUPAC name of the following:
$${ CH }_{ 3 }-CH=C=CH-{ CH }_{ 3 }$$

Solution:-

Since the compound contains a long chain of $$5$$ carbon atoms and has $$2$$ double bonds at $$C-2$$ and $$C-3$$ respectively. Hence the IUPAC name of the given compound is penta-$$2,3$$-diene.

Name the functional group present in $$C_2H_5Cl$$.

$$C_2H_5Cl$$ is ethyl chloride. The functional group present in it is the halide group or chloride group.

Name the functional group present in $$C_2H_5COOH$$

The functional group present in $$C_{2}H_{5}-COOH$$ is carboxylic acid $$(-COOH)$$.

Give IUPAC name of following compound
$$CH_{2}=CH-CH_{2}-CH_{2}-CH_{3}$$

The IUPAC name of the given compound is pent-1-ene.

Write the IUPAC name of the following compounds?

Solution:-

(A) $$C{H}_{3}-C{H}_{2}-C{H}_{2}-C{H}_{2}-NH-{C}_{2}{H}_{5}$$

In the above compound, the amine group is attached to the parent chain of $$4$$ carbon atoms and an ethyl group is attached to $$N$$-atom of the amine group, thus the IUPAC name of the given compound is $$N$$-ethyl butan-$$1$$-amine.

(B) $$C{H}_{3}-C{H}_{2}-\overset{\underset{|}{C{H}_{3}}}{CH}-NH-C{H}_{3}$$

In the above compound, the amine group is attached to $${2}^{nd}$$ carbon atom of parent chain of $$4$$ carbon atoms and one methyl group is attached to $$N$$-atom of amine group, thus the IUPAC name of the given compound is $$N$$-methyl butan-$$2$$-amine.

Write the IUPAC name of the following:

$${ CH }_{ 3 }-{ CH }_{ 2 }-OH$$

Since the compound has a long chain of $$2$$ carbon atoms and an alcohol group $$\left( -OH \right)$$ is attached at $$C-1$$. Hence, the IUPAC name of the given compound is $$ethan-1-ol$$.

$$ CI_2CH-CH_2OH $$ IUPAC name of this compound

1285946_1123545_ans_ef198f19a79c4a2a9986add170e88082.PNG

What is the IUPAC name of the given compound?
$$(CH_3)_3C-CH=CH_2$$

$$CH_3$$

$$\overset {4}CH_3-\overset {|}{\underset {|}C}\overset {3}-\overset {2}CH=\overset {1}CH_2$$

$$CH_3$$

IUPAC name is $$3,3-dimethyl-1-butene$$

Write the IUPAC name of the given compound.

The IUPAC Name of (refer to image) is phenylamine because $$Ph-NH_2$$ means phenylamine.

The functional group is an amine.

1175688_1125876_ans_4d81f368dc294195a65b396f5d7d3f67.PNG

Write the IUPAC name of the following:

The IUPAC name of the given compound is $$cyclopent $$3$$-ene-$$1$$-ol.$$

$$H-\overset{O}{\overset{||}{C}}-OH$$
Write the IUPAC Name?

1342990_1138637_ans_12ab595f08ea4091b811705f5b9ce33c.jpg

Write $$IUPAC$$ Name of the following:
$$CH_{3}-CH_{2}-CH_{2}-COOH$$

The IUPAC name of the given compound is butanoic acid.

Write $$IUPAC$$ Name of the following:

1285999_1135449_ans_72bbdfd9a2b141ef9e8a97fec4c8930e.png

Write $$IUPAC$$ Name of the following:

1285995_1135228_ans_922a3066e3274f0aa16e13efbb3a94c9.png

Give the IUPAC names of the following compounds.
$$(CH_3)_2CH-CH_2-CH(CH_3)-CH(CH_3)_2$$

1351536_1141356_ans_b56468ded8a7460685375d11bf03227b.jpg

Which of the following is the $$IUPAC$$ name of the compound ?
$$CH_3 - \overset{CH_3}{\overset{\!\!\!\!\!|}{CH}} - \overset{CH_3}{\overset{\!\!\!\!\!|}{\underset{C_2H_5}{\underset{\!\!\!\!\!|}{CH}}}} - CH_2 - CH_3$$

$$\overset{1}{\underset{3}{HC}} - \underset{2}{\overset{CH_3}{\overset{\!\!\!\!\!|}{CH}}} - \underset{CH_3}{\underset{|}{\underset{CH_2}{\underset{|}{\overset{CH_3}{\overset{\!\!\!\!\!\!3 \ |}{CH}}}}}} - \underset{4}{CH_2} - \underset{5}{CH_3}$$

3 ethyl 2, 3 dimenthyl pentane

Write $$IUPAC$$ Name of the following:

1285973_1135224_ans_7b14bc43e7e34deeae0fbe3dcb1381ed.PNG

Write $$IUPAC$$ Name of the following:

1286039_1135230_ans_25203cd8db6042249308df9675bbc25e.png

Explain and give the IUPAC name of the compound.

Double bond will be given high priority, so we first find the chain of carbon that will include both double-bonds. Then IUPAC name of given system will be -

$$2-Propyl\, buta-1,3-diene$$

1376547_1167781_ans_c776d2759db64b93bf1cea3c74126fd7.png

A)$${ CH }_{ 3 }{ CH }_{ 2 }{ CH }_{ 2 }{ CH }_{ 3 }$$
B)$$\left( { CH }_{ 3 } \right) _{ 2 }{ CHCH }_{ 3 }$$
C)$${ (CH }_{ 3 })_{ 4 }C$$
Write the IUPAC names of the following and their characteristics

1286042_1172766_ans_6560c7f3bda84785ab009932b2a22a81.PNG

Write the IUPAC name of $${ CH }_{ 3 }-{ (CH }_{ 2 })_{ 5 }-CHO$$

The given compound is :

$$CH_{3}-(CH_{2})_{5}-CHO$$

Its IUPAC name is : Heptanal

Write the IUPAC name of the compound in the image, also write down the rules to name it

1376576_1163263_ans_39e2bebf893f4c9783bcb96744ab8a93.jpeg

What is the Suffix of Ester?

Suffix for ester group is "-oate".

Write down the IUPAC name of the following compounds
(i) $${ CH }_{ 3 }{ CH(CH }_{ 3 }){ CH }_{ 2 }{ CH(CH }_{ 3 })_{ 2 }$$
(ii) $${ (CH }_{ 3 })_{ 3 }{ C-(CH }_{ 2 })_{ 5 }{ -C }{ (CH }_{ 3 })_{ 3 }$$

1376554_1162969_ans_7db1ac5811894bd3a04b86c119b04dd5.jpeg

$$CH\equiv \underset{CH_3}{\underset{|}{\underset{CH}{\underset{|}{C}}}}-CH_3$$
.Write the IUPAC name of the compound

$$CH\equiv \,C-\overset{CH_3}{\overset{|}{\underset{H}{\underset{|}{C}}}}-CH-CH_3\rightarrow 3-Methyl-1-pentyne$$

IUPAC name of $$CH_3 CH_2 OH$$

Given compound is :

$$CH_{3}CH_{2}OH$$

IUPAC Name :

Ethanol

Write the IUPAC name of $$C_{6}H_{5}-NH_{2}$$

The IUPAC name of $$C_{6}H_{5}-NH_{2}$$ is aniline.

what is chromatography?give an example?

1351088_1174893_ans_d80cdf2ce8f54dc293b12b75f26b9535.jpg

Write $$IUPAC$$ name of the compound given in the picture.

IUPAC Name $$\rightarrow$$ 1 - Bromo - 4 - chloro - buta - 1, 2, 3 - triene
1352657_1291548_ans_9ca568a7d33e471c9f56ad56c9b3239e.png

Name of following compound.
$$CH_3 - \overset{O}{\overset{||}{C}} - CH_3$$

1287501_1287471_ans_46692f235cb5479eba6381234f6a26d5.png

Nomenclature
$$(CH_{3})_{3}C C_{2}H_{5}$$

1287488_1287287_ans_2834e009346f462c9f7882c91d42de30.PNG

Write the IUPAC name of the given compound.
$$C - C - \underset{CH_3}{\underset{|}{\overset{CH_3}{\overset{|}{C}}}} - \underset{Cl}{\underset{|}{\overset{CH_3}{\overset{|}{C}}}} - C$$

1351746_1271319_ans_493c704d922d47d5b65702ae398e754b.jpg

.

1351086_1174772_ans_3e242494f4b049a3bb64db77e286ea48.png

Write IUPAC name: $$CH_3 - \underset{C_2H_5}{\underset{\!\!\!\!\!|}{CH}} - \underset{OH}{\underset{\!\!\!\!|}{CH}} - CH_3$$

1287484_1281329_ans_2624d3cd8c5a4f5b9415d1b9626f22d1.png

The IUPAC name of the given compound is

1287445_1296888_ans_510f2ed8352d4ad2aa90d75ed55f1250.png

IUPAC name of the given compound is:

1287465_1302581_ans_46de979d30ca4637ab83ffbdff5095ca.png

Write the IUPAC name of the given compound

1287470_1303132_ans_bc528b849a434025819ce3b8152aadb7.png

Give the IUPAC name of the following amine:

1287442_1294875_ans_9eee071b6e474a1cb8b8013cc2de74d6.png

Give the IUPAC names of the following compound
$$CH_3 - \underset{C_2H_5\!\!\!\!\!\!\!}{\underset{|}{\overset{F}{\overset{|}{C}}}} - CH_2 - \underset{C_2 H_5\!\!\!\!\!\!\!}{\underset{|}{\overset{Cl\!\!}{\overset{|}{C}}}} - CH_3$$

1287437_1292140_ans_355b49b0868a482cb9470886ca36a3a4.PNG

Write the IUPAC name:
$$(CH_3)_3C.CH_2.CH_2Cl$$

1287441_1294032_ans_11519ec54c4c41feaa2668490662d6ac.PNG

Write the $$IUPAC$$ name of

1286056_1370777_ans_2bc217819bee4d3b90d58281f2a19f27.png

Write the IUPAC name of

1287124_1335544_ans_141cdb8ababd4bc7a0c2519c1921faf6.PNG

Write the $$IUPAC$$ names
$$CH_3-C-CH-CH-CH_3$$

1286063_1371558_ans_f55a9ca7936c47d0bc74ec918aab8727.PNG

The IUPAC name of the following compound $$CH_2=CH-CH_{2}-CH_3$$ is:

The given compound is :

$$CH_{2}=CH-CH_{2}-CH_{3}$$

Its IUPAC name is butene.

The IUPAC name of

1287122_1333705_ans_c91bef1233f24bf98a67a2867b3b0437.png

Give IUPAC name of these
(i) $$CH_3 - CH_2 - \underset{CH_2}{\underset{||}{C}} - CH_2 - CH_3$$
(ii) $$\underset{Cl}{\underset{|}{CH_2}} - CH_2 - C \equiv CH$$

1286385_1422334_ans_f5efd0b3427c4aa3b8204fca2bc319ee.png

The IUPAC name is

1286456_1465126_ans_47daee520f934aceb4ca49169ea21abd.png

Give IUPAC name of the expected product in the given reaction:

1286144_1379886_ans_4e3261ad8f9342e8869764046c5cbffe.png

The IUPAC name of the following compound $$H_3C - \overset{C_2 H_5}{\overset{\!\!\!\!\!\!|}{CH}} - \underset{CHO}{\underset{\!\!\!\!\!|}{CH}} - CH_3$$

1286451_1464958_ans_4c5059c40aa94aefbd21da318ca0d67a.png

Common name of $${CH}_{2}=CH-CH={CH}_{2}$$

1286158_1387851_ans_c35bcf9141ff4d5588b292621746b053.PNG

The IUPAC name of the compound

1286470_1465276_ans_eb190deb83244fdeaaa04012344b3ac5.png

Write the IUPAC name of
$$CH_{3} - CH_{2} - CH_{2} - CH_{3}$$

n-Butane

See the two compounds given above:
$$CH_3 - CH_2 - CH_2 - OH$$
$$CH_3 - \underset{OH}{\underset{\!\!\!\!\!|}{CH}} - CH_3$$
What is its functional group ?

Functional group: $$-OH$$ or alcoholic group

The correct IUPAC name of the compound shown is

Hint: Select the longest continuous chain starting from the carboxylic acid end.

Explanation:

The numbering will start from the most priority group $$COOH$$.

Two $$COOH$$ groups are present so $$-dioic \ acid$$

An ethyl group is present at $$C-2$$ position and methyl at $$C-4$$ position. So, It will be $$2-ethyl$$ and $$4-methyl$$.
Here we are not giving numbering from the other $$COOH$$ group because if we compare ethyl and methyl then according to alphabetical order $$Ethyl (E)$$ comes first and then $$Methyl (M)$$

So, the name of the compound is- $$2-ethyl-4-methyl-pentane-1,5-dioic acid$$.

Correct Answer : $$2-ethyl-4-methyl-pentane-1,5-dioic acid$$

The correct IUPAC name is $$H_3C - CH_2 - O - \overset{CH_3}{\overset{\!\!\!\!\!|}{CH}} - CH_2 - CH_2 - CH_2 Cl$$

1286494_1465361_ans_8541327c01f14da49546198aeaeb82d5.png

The functional group is a group of an atom within a molecule which is responsible for chemical characteristics of that molecule (compound). The first carbon atom after the carbon atom bonded to a functional group is known as alpha carbon and further carbon in a chain are known as beta, gamma progressively. Homologous series is a series of organic compounds with a similar formula, possessing similar chemical properties due to the _______ of the same functional group.

For the naming of carbon as alpha, beta and gamma there must be presence of the functional group.

The functional group is a group of an atom within a molecule that is responsible for chemical characteristics of that molecule (compound). The first carbon atom after the carbon atom bonded to a functional group is known as alpha carbon and further carbon in a chain are known as beta, gamma progressively. Homologous series is a series of organic compounds with a similar formula, possessing similar chemical properties due to the $$\text{presence}$$ of the same functional group.

Match the organic compounds given in List I with the correct molecular formulas in List II.

The correct match can be written as:
$$A\rightarrow 3, B\rightarrow 5, C\rightarrow 4, D\rightarrow 1, E\rightarrow 2$$

Explain the term $$'\! Nomenclature'$$. State its need with reference to organic compounds.

The naming of organic chemistry is an important aspect in the study of organic chemistry as there number is very large and variety of molecular structures exists in their molecules. The field has become more complex on account of the phenomenon of isomerism.

Number of pi bonds in cyclic structure of $${S}_{3}{O}_{9}$$ is:

From structure it can be seen that number of pi bonds are 6.

Which organic compounds are named as compounds. Alkanol in IUPAC system?

Alcohols are names as alkanols in IUPAC system. Example IUPAC name of $$CH_{3}OH$$ is methanol.

Number of pi bonds in $$XeO_4$$ is:

Hence, answer is 4.

Find the ratio between $$\pi$$ bonds and lone pairs of $$sp^{2-}$$ hybrid orbitals in $$C_3N_3(NH_2)_3$$.

3 pi bonds are present and 3 lone pairs are present in $$sp^2$$ hybrid orbitals.
Hence, the ratio is $$\displaystyle\,\frac{3}{3}\,=\,1$$.
Thus, the ratio of the number of pi bonds to the number of lone pairs of electrons is $$sp^2$$ hybrid orbitals is $$1:1$$.

Match the Structure in column- I with their Common name given in column- II. Matching can be one or more than one :

Isopropyl
$$\begin{matrix}CH_3&-&CH&-& \\ & & | & & \\ &&CH_3\end{matrix}$$
Sec-Butyl
$$\begin{matrix}CH_3&-&CH_2&-\, \, \, CH-\\&&&|\\ &&&CH_3\end{matrix}$$
Isobutyl
$$\begin{matrix}CH_3&-&\,\,\, \,CH&-&CH_2-\\&&|\\ &&CH_3\end{matrix}$$
tert-Butyl
$$\begin{matrix}&&CH_3 \\\ && |\\\ CH_3&-&C&-\\&&|\\ &&CH_3\end{matrix}$$
Neopentyl
$$\begin{matrix}&&CH_3 \\\ && |\\\ CH_3&-&C&-&CH_2&-\\&&|\\ &&CH_3\end{matrix}$$

Identify the functional group in the given compound.

The functional groups present in the compound are aromatic amine $$(-NH_2)$$, ester $$RCOOR$$, tertiary amine $$(-NR_2)$$

Identify the functional group in the given compound.

The functional groups present in the compound are nitro $$(-NO_2)$$ and $$C=C$$ double bond.

The best and latest technique for isolation, purification and separation of organic compounds is:

The most useful and the latest technique of separation and purification of organic compounds is chromatography. It was first used to separate a mixture of coloured substances.

Give the IUPAC name of the following compound:

The correct IUPAC name is 1-phenyl propane.

Write the IUPAC name of the given compound $$P$$.

The correct IUPAC name of the compound is $$4 - phenylbut - 1 - ene$$. It contains 4 carbon atoms and one double bond. Hence, it is butene. Phenyl group is present as substituent on fourth carbon atom.

State the meaning of functional group in a carbon compound. Write the functional group present in (i) ethanol and (ii) ethanoic acid and also draw their structures.

Functional group in a carbon compound may be defined as an atom or group of atoms or reactive part which is responsible for the characteristic properties of the compounds.

The function group of ethanol$$(CH_3CH_2OH)$$ is alcohol, i.e., $$-OH$$ group.

The functional group of ethanoic acid$$(CH_3COOH)$$ is carboxylic group, i.e., $$–COOH$$.

Write the IUPAC name of $$CH_3COCH_2COCH_3$$

The compound have two ketonic group at carbon number 2 and carbon number 4. The compound have 5 carbon atoms. Thus the IUPAC name of the compound is: Pentan-2,4-dione

$$CH_3-CH_2-\underset{COOH}{\underset{|}{CH}}-CH_2-\overset{Cl}{\overset{|}{CH}}-CH_2-CH_3$$
Write IUPAC name of the above compound.

The IUPAC name of the given compound is: 4-chloro-2-ethylhexanoic acid.

1537082_522783_ans_79a6a9b46c7e4a5bac321f2e60c7fd1a.jpg

Hydrocarbons containing $$-\overset {\overset {O}{\parallel}}{C} -$$ functional group.

Hydrocarbons are known as ketones or carbonyl componds. For ketonic group suffix "one" is added to the root word.

Define functional group and complete the following table.
Functional group Name of the compound Formula
___ Ethyl alcohol
_ Acetaldehyde ___

A functional group is an atom or group of atoms within a molecule that determine the characteristic property of organic compounds.

Functional group	Name of the compound	Formula
1. $$-OH$$	Ethyl alcohol	$$C_2H_5-OH$$
2. $$H$$ I ($$-C = O$$)	Acetaldehyde	$$H$$ I $$(CH_3-C=0)$$

Polymeric organic substance is commonly known as ...................

Polymeric organic substance is commonly known as Resins.
It is synthetic organic polymer and is used as the basis of plastics, adhesives, varnishes, or other products.

How are Carbohydrates classified, based on their behaviour towards hydrolysis?

Based on their behavior towards hydrolysis,
carbohydrates are classified into simple carbohydrates and complex carbohydrates.
Simple carbohydrates include monosaccharides whereas complex carbohydrates include oligosaccharides (disaccharides, trisaccharides etc) and polysaccharides.

Using their structural formula identify the functional group by circling in Propanone :

The functional group present is ketone. n=3 so the root alkane is propane and suffix one. The IUPAC name is propanone and the common name is dimethyl ketone.

Give IUPAC name of the following compounds :
(a) $$CH_3CH_2CH_2OH$$
(b) $$HCOOH$$
(c) $$CH_3-CH=CH-CH_3$$

(a) Propan-1-ol

(b) Methanoic acid

$$\begin{matrix} C{ H }_{ 3 }- & CH & -CH=C{ H }_{ 2 } \\ & | & \\ & Cl & \end{matrix}$$ has the IUPAC name ________.

Its IUPAC name is $$2-chlorobut-3-ene$$.

Chlorine is present at second position and double is present therefore ene and the longest carbon chain is of 4 carbons therefore butane is the parent carbon.

Match the items given in Column A and Column B

General formula of alcohols are represented by $$R-OH$$, carboxylic acids are represented by $$R-COOH$$, amines are represented by $$R-NH_2$$ and aldehydes are represented by $$R-CHO$$.

Define functional group. Write any four organic functional groups with their formula?

Functional group:
The atom or the group of atoms by which the characteristic reactions of organic compounds are determined, that atom or group of atoms is called the functional group.
Some organic functional groups are as follows:
Carboxylic acid: $$-COOH$$
Aldehyde: $$-CHO$$
Alcohol: $$-OH$$
Ester: $$-COOR$$

Write the IUPAC name and structural formula of the first four member of alcohol homologous series?

Name of the member	Molecular formula	IUPAC Name	Structural formula
$$(1)$$ Methyl alcohol	$$CH_{3}OH$$	Methanol	$$H_{3}C - OH$$
$$(2)$$ Ethyl alcohol	$$C_{2}H_{5}OH$$	Ethanol	$$CH_{3} - CH_{2} - OH$$
$$(3)$$ Propyl alcohol	$$C_{3}H_{7}OH$$	Propanol	$$CH_{3} - CH_{2} - CH_{2} - OH$$
$$(4)$$ Butyl alcohol	$$C_{4}H_{9}OH$$	Butanol	$$CH_{3} - CH_{2} - CH_{2} - CH_{2} - OH$$

What is Alcohol?

The organic compounds which are derived by replacing a hydrogen atom of a hydrocarbon by hydroxy(OH) group are called 'Alcohol'. Their general formula is ROH or $$C_nH_{2n+1}OH$$, where R is any alkyl group and n $$=1, 2, 3,..$$etc. The functional group of alcohol is $$(-OH)$$ (hydroxyl group).

What is formalin?

Hint: formalin is the first aliphatic aldehyde.

Explanation:

Another name for formalin is formaldehyde
It is one of the most important chemical used in manufacturing.
formaldehyde is a volatile compound and its liquid solution is known as formalin.

Hence, a $$40 $$ percentage solution of formaldehyde in water is called formalin.

$$CH_3-\overset{\underset{|}{\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,C_2H_5}}{\underset{\overset{|}{\,\,\,\,\,CH_3}}{C}}-\overset{\underset{|}{\,\,\,\,\,\,CH_3}}{\underset{\overset{|}{H}}{C}}-C\equiv C-CH_3$$
Write the IUPAC name of the above alkyne.

Rules for Naming Hydrocarbons:-

Rule-I Selection of the longest carbon chain.

Rule-II Numbering the longest chain: Longest chain is numbered starting from a terminal carbon. Numbering is done is such a way that lowest possible number is given to the side cahin or a functional group.

Rule-III Writing names of branched, saturated hydrocarbons, locants are written first in alphabetical order followed by name of parent chain.

Rule-IV Some common names are retained in $$IUPAC$$ system for unsubstituted hydrocarbon only.

$$4,5,5-trimethyl-2-heptyne$$

Here,

$$yne-$$ for triple bond

$$hept-$$ for seven carbon atoms

$$yl-$$ for side chain

An example for polyfunctional compound is?

An example for poly-functional compound is 4-nitro aniline. It contains nitro group and aminio groups as functional groups. Other examples includes glycine, glucose, salicylic acid etc. A poly-functional compound has more than one functional group.

How many $$p-orbitals$$ are parallel to each other in the following conjugated system?

Gp- orbital is benzene

and 1 p - orbital from $$CH_2^ - $$ as in conjugation

So total 7 orbitals are parallel.

1380756_768239_ans_d60c499cd24440a69988e78f0dd3e3db.jpg

Define hydroxyl functional group.

In chemistry, an alcohol is any organic compound in which the hydroxyl functional group $$(–OH)$$ is bound to a carbon. The term alcohol originally referred to the primary alcohol ethanol (ethyl alcohol), which is used as a drug and is the main alcohol present in alcoholic beverages.

IUPAC name of the compound is :

Rules for Naming Hydrocarbons:-

Rule-I Selection of the longest carbon chain.

Rule-II Numbering the longest chain: Longest chain is numbered starting from a terminal carbon. Numbering is done is such a way that lowest possible number is given to the side chain or a functional group.

Rule-III Writing names of branched, saturated hydrocarbons, locants are written first in alphabetical order followed by name of parent chain.

Rule-IV Some common names are retained in $$IUPAC$$ system for unsubstituted hydrocarbon only.

(Refer to Image)

$$3-chloro,4-hexenoic$$ $$acid$$

$$-\overset{\overset{O}{||}}{C}-OH$$=oic acid.

=bond=ene.

Cl=chloro.

1012037_832080_ans_2352548bb48745909f6c49b1f538e80f.png

What is the IUPAC name of the given compound?

IUPAC name of the compound-

$$ 4-bromopent-2-ene$$

In the given compound the bromine group is present at carbon number 4 and double bond present between carbon 2 and 3.

Identify the IUPAC name of the above compound.
$$H_3\underset{3}{C} - \underset{\underset{1}{C}H_3}{\underset{\!\!2|}{C}H} -Cl$$

In the given compound, the parent chain consists of 3 carbon atom and $$-Cl$$ group is attached to the carbon number 2.

Thus the IUPAC name of the compound can be given as:

2-chloropropane

Give the IUPAC name and molecular formula of a substance which is used as a solvent in paint and in lacquer industries:

Propan-2-one is also called as acetone

It is generally used in paint and lacquer industries

Give the IUPAC name of the above compound.

In the given compound, the methyl group is attached to the third carbon atom. Thus the IUPAC name of the compound is:

3-methylpentanenitrile

-

1: Identify the functional group.

Here functional group is bromene so we use prefix bromo for bromo.

2: Find the largest carbon chain.

Five carbon so we use pent and sufix for alkenes is ene.

3: Numbering the carbon atoms in the largest chain.

Functional group should be at lowest numbering order so bromine is at 2number and alkene at number 2position.

4: look for any brached group .

Here branches groups are methyl at position 3&4 number carbon so we use 2,3 di methyl.

5: Combine the elements of the name into a single word.

2-Bromo 3,4 Di methyl Pent 2-ene.

The IUPAC name of the following compound is:

Rules for Naming Hydrocarbons:-

Rule-I Selection of the longest carbon chain.

Rule-III Writing names of branched, saturated hydrocarbons, locants are written first in alphabetical order followed by name of parent chain.

Rule-IV Some common names are retained in $$IUPAC$$ system for unsubstituted hydrocarbon only.

$$IUPAC$$ name of the following compound is $$Propylpropanoate$$.

(Refer to Image 1) is ester. The generic name of ester is $$alkylalkanoate$$. Here, (Image 2) i.e. lone carbon chain selected for parent chain.

Find the relation between given pair.

The given compounds are non- superimposable. Also they are not the mirror images of each other. Hence, they are diastereomers.

Match the column $$I$$ and $$II$$.

$$(A)$$ it is an activating group and is an ortho-para directing. This means that the compound has a rich electron density at ortho-para positions.
$$(B)$$ it is an activating group and is an ortho-para directing .thus it has more electron density at an ortho and para position because of groups get attached to it
$$(C)$$ it is an activating group and is a meta director. it attracts nucleophile at meta position because of more electron density at the position.
$$(D)$$ it is deactivating group and is ortho-para directing.

1095468_995691_ans_121d3eb56d2347189e7caa8e2996fde9.png

1095468_995691_ans_121d3eb56d2347189e7caa8e2996fde9.png

Give the JUPAC name of the following compounds

Parent chain is of 5 Carbon and double bond is given less priority compared to so pent - 4 - en - 1 - ol

Give the IUPAC name of the following compounds

Suffix 'al' is used for aldehyde groups

2 - (2 - methylcyclobut - 1 - enyl) ethanal

Give the IUPAC name of the following compounds

Parent chain is of 5 Carbon and triple bond is given less priority compared to so

pent - 4 - yn - 1 - ol

Give the IUPAC name of the following compounds

Substituent Group:- $$2\ Phenyl\ groups$$

Name:- $$Diphenylmethane$$

Give the IUPAC name of the following compound.

Here the parent chain consists of 5 carbon atoms and has one double bond and one $$-Br$$ group.

According to IUPAC convention, alkenes has higher priority than halides. So, the name of the compound is $$4-bromo-3-methylpent-2-ene$$
989992_1002801_ans_8bb2430ad22e4ef4b9b008829f0a6332.png

989992_1002801_ans_8bb2430ad22e4ef4b9b008829f0a6332.png

Write the IUPAC name of methyl n-propyl ether. What is the action of hot HI on it?

IUPAC name = 1-Methoxy-propane,

Action of $$hot HI$$ on ether

$$H_3C-O-CH_2-CH_2-CH_3 \longrightarrow CH_3-I + C_3H_7I +H_2O$$

IUPAC name of the above compound is :

This is bridged compounds

bicyclo$$[2.2.1]-1-$$hexen$$-2-$$carboxylic acid.

Numbering from $$C-2$$ to $$C-3$$ and $$C-5$$ to $$C-6$$ are two longest path between bridgeheads.

1098961_1025982_ans_707954a88cf64866aca1332cd7f1a44e.png

IUPAC name of the given compound is :

$$1-$$butonoic $$2-$$cyclobutylethanoic anhydride.

This is an unsymmetrical acid anhydride. It is named by first naming each component carbonylic acid.

1098956_1025978_ans_c5701205a2f5430fa9f2d64e3a0efe75.png

IUPAC name of the above compound is :

As it is branched unsaturated acyclic hydrocarbon, the parent chain should be the longest chain and it contains a carbon atoms.

$$6-$$ethyl$$-1,4,5,7-$$Nonatetraen$$-8-$$yne.

1098955_1025977_ans_8359c3e0e92b4146a54f9116f3ec29e7.png

Give the IUPAC names of the following compounds :

(a) R.E.F image

$$ \rightarrow $$ Propyl-benzene

(b) R.E.F image

$$ \rightarrow 3- $$ methyl pentane

$$ \rightarrow 2.5- $$ dimethyl Heptane

(d) R.E.F image

$$ \rightarrow 3-$$ Bromo-3-chloro Heptane

(e) R.E.F image

$$ \rightarrow 2,2 - $$ dimethyl ethanl

1092026_1031970_ans_ad5c25a5c0f34a4fbc561094d6e40c42.png

Write IUPAC names of the following compounds.
$$(CH_3)_3CCH_2C(CH_3)_3$$
$$(CH_3)2C(C_2H_5)_2$$

$$2,2,4,4-$$tetramethyl pentane

$$3,3-$$Dimethyl pantane

1157987_1028609_ans_e581c545ccb1447f9ab47b3bd0badb1d.png

The IUPAC name of is?

$$C_2H_5-\overset{0}{O}-\overset{3}{\underset{O}{\underset{||}{C}}}-\overset{2}{\underset{CH_3}{\underset{||}{CH}}}-\overset{1}{CH_3}$$

According to $$IUPAC$$ nomenclature, it has an ester group as a functional group.

$${ 2 }^{ nd }$$ position has methyl group, so its $$IUPAC$$ name will be Ethyl-2methyl propionate.

Write the IUPAC name of the compound.

IUPAC Name: Ethyl Cyclohexanoate

In the naming of esters, alkyl chain from the alcohol is considered as substituent. The naming ends with suffix -oate.

Cow milk, an example of natural emulsion is stabilised by

1415208_1032083_ans_ebdaa108657c435fb4968024ada2f889.jpg

What is the IUPAC name of the given compound?

Priority order of the attached group is : aldehyde$$>$$alcohol$$>$$ ether.

The IUPAC name is $$4$$-hydroxy $$3$$-methoxy-benzaldehyde.

1183399_1067437_ans_e9fe925329ad49688145a7dc08c5f122.png

Write IUPAC name of the following compounds:
$$[Pt(NH_3)_4Cl_2][PtCl_4]$$

$$[Pt(NH_3)_4Cl_2][PtCl_4]$$

IUPAC name:

Tetra amine dichloroplatinum(IV) tetrachloroplatinate(II).

The roman numbers indicate the oxidation states of Platinum.

IUPAC name of $${CH}_{3}-CH=CH-CH=C=CH-CH=C=C=CH-{CH}_{3}$$ is:

The given compound contains double bond at carbon number 2,3,4,6,7, and 9.

Also, the compound contains 11 carbon atoms.

Thus, the IUPAC name of the compound will be:

Undec-2,3,4,6,7,9-hexene

Write the IUPAC name of the following compound.
$$H-CH=CH-CH_{3}$$

An alkene is given preference over alkane so the number will start from the extreme left.

The IUPAC name of the compound is:

$$prop-1-ene$$

990568_1067714_ans_c960d172f99f4c7c9ee067072c5ba2a8.PNG

Write the IUPAC name of the following compound.

$${CH}_{3}CH=CH{CH}_{2}CHO$$

The functional group $$-CHO$$ is given preference over $$-CH=CH-$$ so it is given priority $$1$$

The IUPAC name of the compound is:

Pent-3-en-1-al

990600_1068500_ans_f30bcb1f0aae4afb8b5ff45a18a763e0.PNG

$$CH_3-\overset{CH_3}{\overset{|}{CH}}-CH_2-Cl$$
Write IUPAC Name for the compound.

Rules for Naming Hydrocarbons:-

Rule-I Selection of the longest carbon chain.

Rule-III Writing names of branched, saturated hydrocarbons, locants are written first in alphabetical order followed by name of parent chain.

Rule-IV Some common names are retained in $$IUPAC$$ system for unsubstituted hydrocarbon only.

(Refer to Image)

As $$-Cl$$ is attached to right side carbon; so it is given $$1$$ number.

As $$-CH_3$$ group is attached to $$2-C$$ so, methyl substituent will be given in name.

So, $$1-chloro-2-methyl-propane$$

1008347_1070362_ans_f2d80c573fb34b858ec19937ac193521.PNG

Write IUPAC names of all the isomers $$C_5H_{10}$$.

IUPAC names of different structural isomers of alkenes corresponding to $${ C }_{ 5 }{ H }_{ 10 }$$ is
1174695_1068075_ans_69a31d7e72cc4b07b41523c257059120.jpg

1174695_1068075_ans_69a31d7e72cc4b07b41523c257059120.jpg

Given name for the following substituted alkanes:

Numbering to carbon atoms is given according to substitute attach on it.

Numbering to substitute given according to their alphabetical order.

$$2-chloro-cyclopentan-1-ol$$

The functional group is given preference while numbering.

Since $$-OH$$ is functional group here so it is given 1 preference.

990590_1068169_ans_aba69ca8d992480a87eff4bba15df6d5.PNG

Give the $$IUPAC $$ name of the following compounds.
$${ CH }_{ 3 }-\underset { \underset { Br }{ | } }{ C } =CH-CH_{ 2 }OH$$
$${ CH }_{ 3 }-CH_{ 2 }-CH=CH-\overset { \overset { \circ }{ \parallel } }{ C } -HOH$$

$$IUPAC$$ Name of :-

1. $$H_3\underset{Br}{\underset{|}{C}} - C = CH - CH_2OH $$ 3-bromo-but-2-en-1-ol.

2. $$H_3C - CH_2 - CH = CH - \overset{O}{\overset{||}{C}} - OH$$ Pent-2-en-1-oic acid.

Given $$IUPAC$$ & common name of the given compound.

Here the compound has three hydroxy group. These groups are at position 1, 2, and 4 respectively.

Thus, IUPAC name of the compound is:

$$2,4-dihydroxy\ phenol$$

Also, the hydroxy groups are at ortho- and para- position.

Thus, the common name is:

$$o,p-dihydroxy\ phenol$$

990579_1068064_ans_1ebe601ffb6549ac9d1cb64fbd4e126a.PNG

IUPAC name of the compound is:

The given compound is $$C{H}_{3}-\overset{\underset{|}{C{H}_{3}}}{CH}-\overset{\underset{|}{C{H}_{3}}}{CH}-C{H}_{3}$$.

Since the compound contains a parent chain of $$4$$ carbon atoms containing $$2$$ methy group $$\left( C{H}_{3} \right)$$ at position $$C-2$$ and $$C-3$$ respectively. Hence the IUPAC name of the given compound is $$2,3$$-dimethylbutane.

$$CH_2=CH-CH_2-CH_2-\underset{O}{\underset{||}{\,\,\,\,CH}}-CH_2-OH$$
Write the IUPAC name of the given compound.

Order of preference in numbering is

$$-OH\ >\ -CH_2=CH-group$$

The given compound contain hydroxy group at carbon number 1 and a ketonic group at carbon number 2.

The double bond is present between carbon number 5 and 6.

$$\therefore$$ Numbering start from the extreme right side.

The IUPAC name of the compound is:

$$1-hydroxy-hex-5-ene-2-one$$

990546_1067682_ans_23ad5e8757ad4fb4858414b933e96437.PNG

$$CH_3-O-CH_2-CH_2-O-CH_2-CH_2-O-CH_3$$
What is the IUPAC name for the compound?

The figure represents numbering from central oxygen atom.

IUPAC name is $$2,2^{'}-dimethyl-diethyl\,ether$$

1167675_1070656_ans_7285a3630ffa44b38139400658e94532.png

Write IUPAC name of following.

$$CH_3$$

$$H_3C-\underset {|}{N}-\overset {3}{}\underset {|}{\overset {|}C}H-\overset {2}{C}H_2-\overset {1}{C}H_3$$

$$CH_3$$ $$C_2H_5$$

$$N-N-dimethyl-3-methyl-pentaneamine$$

Write the structure of the following IUPAC name:
2-Methylpentane-2,4-diol

$$2-methylpentane-2,4-diol$$

$$\longrightarrow$$ diol means $$2-OH$$ group.

$$\longrightarrow 5$$ parent chain (Pentane).

1008836_1073764_ans_f4487c4b08c844d8bd166b722c723078.PNG

Write the IUPAC name of $${CH}_{3}C\equiv CCH{({CH}_{3})}_{2}$$.

The given compound contain 4 carbon atom in the parent chain along with the triple bond.

The methyl group is attached to the carbon number 4 and triple bond is present between carbon number 2 and 3.

Thus the IUPAC name of the compound is $$4-methyl-butan-2-yne$$

Write the IUPAC name of the given compound.

IUPAC name of the given compound is $$1H-Borole$$

It can be viewed as a structural analog of pyrrole with boron replacing the nitrogen atom of pyrrole.

Write the structure of the following IUPAC name:
(i) 1,1-Dibromo-3-ethyl-4-flourohexane (ii) 5-Bromomethyl-6-methylhept-3-ene

(i) $$1,1-dibromo-3-ethyl-4-fluorohexane$$

$$\longrightarrow$$ Carbon chain is $$C-C-C-C-C-C$$

$$\longrightarrow$$ At $$1^{st}$$ position two bromine (Refer to Image 1)

$$\longrightarrow$$ At $$3^{rd}$$ position ethyl group $$(CH_2CH_3)$$ and at $$4-fluoro$$ group so,

(Refer to Image 2)

(ii) $$5-bromomethyl-6-methylhept-3-ene$$

$$hept$$ means $$7$$ member carbon chain. So,

(Refer to Image 3)

1008832_1073755_ans_2fc1c5e07b7940f29151aac04becf0fc.png

Give IUPAC name of the following?

The IUPAC name for the given compound is 5-isopropyl-3-ethyl 2,6-dimethyl octane.

5-isopropyl is for the isopropyl group, $$\left( {\left( C{H}_{3} \right)}_{2} CH- \right)$$ attached at $$C-5$$, 3-ethyl is for the ethyl group, $$\left( {C}_{2}{H}_{5}- \right)$$ attached at $$C-3$$, 2,6-dimethyl is for the 2 methyl groups attached at $$C-2$$ and $$C-6$$ and the octane is for the long chain of 8 carbons.

Write the formula of the functional group present in caboxylic acids.

Carboxylic acid is the strongest acidic group in organic compounds. The formula of carboxylic acid group is $$-COOH$$.
1381077_1097780_ans_eaa97ce4820d4b6fb5e95fc1d8333774.png

1381077_1097780_ans_eaa97ce4820d4b6fb5e95fc1d8333774.png

IUPAC name of the following compound is:
$$CH_3C(C_2H_5)_2CH_2Br$$

Select the chain which has the highest number of carbon.

IUPAC name is: 3-bromomethyl-3-methyl pentane

1175491_1097702_ans_7c5a17bc403049dbac5dfd7e90bf4e4d.png

Write the IUPAC name of:

$$CH_3 - \overset{CH_3}{\overset{\!\!|}{\underset{CH_3}{\underset{|}{C}} - }} I$$

$$\overset {1}{C}H_3$$

$$H_3C-^2\underset {|}{\overset {|}{C}}-I$$

$$\overset {1}{C}H_3$$

IUPAC name:- $$2-Iodo-2methylpropane$$

Write IUPAC name of the compound.

(Refer to Image)

IUPAC name:- $$3,3 Di-tert-butyl-2,2,4,4 tetramethyl-pentane$$

1171394_1093990_ans_3e244b898ba64e03b7f03ea1d59591f2.png

Write $$IUPAC $$ names of the following alchohols:
$$ CH-\underset { \underset { C_{ 2 }H_{ 5 } }{ | } }{ CH } -\underset { \underset { OH }{ | } }{ CH } -CH_3 $$

$$3-Methylpentan-2-ol$$
1157214_1093618_ans_9f0049cc59044488947c776f677f9e01.PNG

IUPAC name of this compound

Solution:-

$${H}_{3}C-\overset{\underset{|}{C{H}_{3}}}{CH}-\underset{\overset{|}{C{H}_{3}}}{\overset{\underset{|}{S{O}_{3}H}}{CH}}-CH=C{H}_{2}$$

The above compound contains sulfonic acid group $$\left( -S{O}_{3}H \right)$$ at $$C-3$$ with $$2$$ methyl groups $$\left( -C{H}_{3} \right)$$ at $$C-3$$ and $$C-4$$ with a double bond at $$C-1$$ respectively.

Hence the IUPAC name of the above compound is $$3, 4$$-dimethylpent-$$1$$-ene-$$3$$-sulfonic acid.

Write the IUPAC name of the given compound.

Alkyl aryl ethers are considered as alkoxy derivatives of Benzene [if the alkyl group contains lesses number of carbon atom] or aryloxy derivative of alkane [if the alkyl group contains more number of carbon atoms than the aryl group].

1100590_1093715_ans_51ef2c845ac34f648c002eec24ac4736.png

Write down the IUPAC names of the compounds given.
a.) $$CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-CH(CH_3)-CH_3$$
b.) $$CH_3-CH(CH_2-CH_3)-CH_2-CH_2-CH_3$$

The IUPAC names of the compound are as follows:

a.) 2-methylpentane

Using the lowest locant rule, the branched methyl group is present at the carbon numbered 2

b.) 3-methylhexane

The maximum number of carbon chain in this case is equal to 6 which is possible if the methyl group is considered to be branched

What is the general name of the organic compounds containing the $$\begin{matrix} O \\ \parallel \\ \begin{matrix} - & C & - \end{matrix} \end{matrix}$$ group?

The general name of organic compounds containing $$-C-\\ \quad ||\\ \quad O$$ are ketones or carbonyls. Its IUPAC name is -oxo or -one. It generally shows isomerism.

$$-C- \Longrightarrow Ketone\\ \quad ||\\ \quad O$$

Name the functional groups present in the following compound:
(i) $$CH_{3}CHO$$
(ii) $$CH_{3}CH_{2}COOH$$
(iii) $$CH_{3}COCH_{3}$$
(iv) $$CH_{3}CH_{2}CH_{2}OH$$

(i) $$CH_{3}CHO=--CHO$$ Aldebyde

(ii) $$CH_{3}CH_{2}COOH=-COOH$$ Carboxylic acid

(iii) $$CH_{3}CO CO_{3}=-C-$$ Ketone

$$\parallel$$

$$0$$

(iv) $$CH_{3}CH_{2}CH_{2}OH=-OH$$ Hydroxy

Write the IUPAC name of the given compound.

IUPAC name: $$N-ethyl-N-methylcyclohexanamine$$
1158245_1099038_ans_b5a30e56cb174ab5908e308e94cd77b6.png

How would you name the following compound?

Alkene group has more preference than alkyne group.

IUPAC name is: 3-methyl hex-2-en-4-yne

1171321_1097792_ans_3d498ea7f2a9492b8397df7ee7543dcf.png

Give the structure and IUPAC name of N,N - Dimethyl-tert-butylamine.

Structure of $$N,N-Dimethyl-tert-butylamine$$

(Refer to Image)

IUPAC name: $$N,N,2-Trimethyl-propan-2-amine$$

1174916_1098587_ans_dae1585a99fd4cd2b575bff70fa71e83.PNG

Expand $$\left( C{ H }_{ 3 } \right) CH=C\left( C{ H }_{ 3 } \right) C\equiv C\left( C{ H }_{ 3 } \right) $$

Numbering should be from left side became double bond are preflered than tripal bond

$$3-$$ methyl $$hex-2-en-4-yne$$

Which of the following compounds contains a carboxylic acid group?
$$CH_{3}OH,\ CH_{3}COOH,\ CH_{3}CHO,\ CH_{3}COCH_{3}$$

Carboxylic acid group is a functional group with formula $$-COOH$$. Here, $$CH_{3}COOH$$ has carboxylic acid functional group.

Give the IUPAC name of the following.

IUPAC name $$=$$ $$N,N,3-$$trimethyl pentan$$-3-$$amine.
1380998_1098657_ans_dc169127cb27496d832c2fd55f8dab37.jpg

$${ CH }_{ 3 }{ CH }_{ 2 }O-{ CH }_{ 2 }-CHOH-{ CH }_{ 3 }$$

Write the IUPAC name of the compound.

The given compound is $${ CH }_{ 3 }{ CH }_{ 2 }O-{ CH }_{ 2 }-CHOH-{ CH }_{ 3 }$$

The IUPAC name of this compound is 3-Ethoxy-2-propanol

Here, the Functional group is Ether and the side group is alcohol.

Give IUPAC name of the expected product in the following reactions.

(i) (Refer to Image 1)

(ii) (Refer to Image 2)

$$OH$$

The product is $$\overset {1}{C}H_3-^2\overset {|}{\underset {|}C}-^3CH_2-^4CH_3$$

$$CH_3$$

IUPAC name: $$2-methylbutan-2-ol$$

(iii) (Refer to Image 3)

1209465_1100250_ans_ccc530e286164d6ebd8338b8ad5e45ff.png

Explain the following terms:
Electrophoresis

Electrophoresis is a method used to separate charged particles from one another based on differences in their migration speed.

Ions have different migration rates depends on charge, size, shape and separated.

Name the functional group present in $$C_2H_5CHO$$.

The functional group present in $$C_{2}H_{5}-CHO$$ is an aldehyde.

Here $$-CHO$$ represents the aldehydic group.

Write IUPAC name of the following
$$CH_3-{\overset{\,\,\,\,No_2}{\overset{|}{C}}H}-\underset{Cl}{\underset{|}{C}}H-{\underset{CH_3}{\underset{|}{C}}H}-CH_3$$

Number of carbon:5

Substituent group:- $$No_2, Cl$$

IUPAC name : $$3-chloro-2-methyl-4-nitropentane$$
1174447_1109706_ans_2a14b0c63134491984db6e15bb3693ae.png

Write IUPAC name of following.
$$CH_3-{\overset{O}{\overset{||}{C}}}-Cl+NH_2OH$$

$$CH_{ 3 }-\overset { \overset { O }{ || } }{ C } -Cl+{ NH }_{ 2 }OH\longrightarrow { CH }_{ 3 }-\overset { O }{ \underset { P }{ \overset { || }{ C } } } -{ NH }_{ 2 }$$

$$P$$ is an amide, its IUPAC name is $$ethar$$ $$amide.$$

What is Poling process?

Poling is a method used to purify metals that have oxidized impurities. It is typically used to purify metals like copper or tin that are in the impure form of a copper oxide or tin oxide. A log of wood which is still green is used to stir the liquid metal. The hydrocarbons in the green wood can reduce the metal & the oxygen leaves as $$CO_2$$ gas.

Write the IUPAC name of the above compound :

Solution :

The IUPAC name of the given compound is $$2$$-chlorohexane.

$$2$$-chloro is for the chloride group attached at $$C-2$$ and the hexane is for the long chain of $$6$$ carbon atoms.

Write down name of functional group $$- X$$.

Halogen ( Alkyl halide or halo alkane )

Hence, the answer is Halogen.

Write down name of functional group $$- OH$$.

Alcohol or Hydroxy.

Hence, the answer is Alcohol or Hydroxy.

Write the IUPAC name of the given compund.

In the given compound, the parent chain contains 7 carbon atoms and the methyl group is present at carbon number 3.

Thus IUPAC name of the compound will be:

$$3-$$Methylheptane

1165586_1117037_ans_a1cf6f593aca4851a1ec9344f22e1904.png

IUPAC name of
$$CH_3-\overset{CH_3}{\overset { | }{ CH}}-\overset{O}{\overset{||}{C}}-CH_2-{\overset{OH}{\overset{|}{CH_2}}}$$

Priority order : $$Ketone>Alcohol$$

Numbering the largest carbon chain according to the condition that the substituents get position no. of lower magnitude.

The IUPAC name is $$1-hydroxy-4-methyl-pentan-3-one$$

1214767_1110110_ans_4176f32605a24bb0997b00742f7e0676.png

Name the compound.
$$CH_3 - CH = CH - CH_3$$

$$H_3C^{(1)}-C^{(2)}H=C^{(3)}-C^{(4)}H_3$$

IUPAC name is But-$$2$$-ene.

Number of carbon atom=4;

One double bond is present so it is an alkene.

Write down name of functional group $$- CHO$$.

Aldehyde

Hence, the answer is aldehyde.

Write the IUPAC name of the following compounds:
i) $${ \left( { CH }_{ 3 } \right) }_{ 2 }CHCH\left( Cl \right) { CH }_{ 3 }$$
ii) $${ CH }_{ 3 }{ CH }_{ 2 }C{ \left( { CH }_{ 3 } \right) }_{ 2 }{ CH }_{ 2 }I$$
iii) $${ CH }_{ 3 }CH\left( { CH }_{ 3 } \right) CH\left( Br \right) { CH }_{ 3 }$$
iv) $${ CH }_{ 3 }C\left( Cl \right) \left( { C }_{ 2 }{ H }_{ 5 } \right) { CH }_{ 2 }{ CH }_{ 3 }$$
v) $${ CH }_{ 3 }CH=CHC\left( Br \right) { \left( { CH }_{ 3 } \right) }_{ 2 }$$

Solution:-

$$\left( i \right) \quad C{H}_{3}-\overset{\underset{|}{C{H}_{3}}}{CH}-\overset{\underset{|}{Cl}}{CH}-C{H}_{3}$$

The IUPAC name of the above compound is $$2$$-chloro-$$3$$-methylbutane.

Here $$2$$-chloro is for the chloride group $$\left( -Cl \right)$$ attached at position $$C-2$$ while $$3$$-methyl is for the methyl group $$\left( -C{H}_{3} \right)$$ attached at the position $$C-3$$ and butane is for the long chain of $$4$$ carbon atoms.

Hence the IUPAC name of the above compound is $$2$$-chloro-$$3$$-methylbutane.

$$\left( ii \right) \quad C{H}_{3}-C{H}_{2}-\underset{\overset{|}{C{H}_{3}}}{\overset{\underset{|}{C{H}_{3}}}{C}}-\overset{\underset{|}{I}}{C{H}_{2}}$$

The IUPAC name of the above compound is $$1$$-iodo-$$2,2$$-dimethyl butane.

Here $$1$$-iodo is for the iodide group $$\left( -I \right)$$ attached at position $$C-1$$ while $$2,2$$-dimethyl is for the $$2$$ methyl groups $$\left( -C{H}_{3} \right)$$ attached at the same position $$C-3$$ and butane is for the long chain of $$4$$ carbon atoms.

Hence the IUPAC name of the above compound is $$1$$-iodo-$$2,2$$-dimethyl butane.

$$\left( iii \right) \quad C{H}_{3}-\overset{\underset{|}{C{H}_{3}}}{CH}-\overset{\underset{|}{Br}}{CH}-C{H}_{3}$$

The IUPAC name of the above compound is $$2$$-bromo-$$3$$-methylbutane.

Here $$2$$-bromo is for the bromide group $$\left( -Br \right)$$ attached at position $$C-2$$ while $$3$$-methyl is for the methyl group $$\left( -C{H}_{3} \right)$$ attached at the position $$C-3$$ and butane is for the long chain of $$4$$ carbons.

Hence the IUPAC name of the above compound is $$2$$-bromo-$$3$$-methylbutane.

$$\left( iv \right) \quad C{H}_{3}-\underset{\overset{|}{{C}_{2}{H}_{5}}}{\overset{\underset{|}{Cl}}{C}}-C{H}_{2}-C{H}_{3}$$

The IUPAC name of the above compound is $$3$$-chloro-$$3$$-methylpentane.

Here $$3$$-chloro is for the chloride group $$\left( -Cl \right)$$ attached at position $$C-3$$ while $$3$$-methyl is for the methyl group $$\left( -C{H}_{3} \right)$$ attached at the position $$C-3$$ and pentane is for the long chain of $$5$$ carbon atoms.

Hence the IUPAC name of the above compound is $$3$$-chloro-$$3$$-methyl pentane.

$$\left( v \right) \quad C{H}_{3}-CH=CH-\underset{\overset{|}{C{H}_{3}}}{\overset{\underset{|}{Br}}{C}}-C{H}_{3}$$

The IUPAC name of the above compound is $$4$$-bromo-$$4$$-methylpent-$$2$$-ene.

Here $$4$$-bromo is for the bromide group $$\left( -Br \right)$$ attached at position $$C-4$$ while $$4$$-methyl is for the methyl group $$\left( -C{H}_{3} \right)$$ attached at the position $$C-4$$ and pent-$$2$$-ene is for the long chain of $$5$$ carbon atoms havinf double bond at position $$C-2$$.

Hence the IUPAC name of the above compound is $$4$$-bromo-$$4$$-methylpent-$$2$$-ene.

Give the IUPAC name for this compound
$$(C_2H_5)_3C - CH_2 - CH_2 - C(C_2H_5)_3$$.

The IUPAC name of the compound is:

$$\Rightarrow 3,3,6,6-tetramethyloctane$$

1380872_1110631_ans_b9ea73144b51491b987340bb6c47f0c7.jpg

Write IUPAC name of the following compound:
$$CH_{3}COCH_{2}CH=CH\ CONH_{2}$$

The numbering for this compound is done as follows :

$$\underset{6}{C}H_3-\overset{\overset{O}{||}}{\underset{5}{C}}-\underset{4}{C}H_2-\underset{3}{C}H=\underset{2}{C}H-\overset{\overset{O}{||}}{\underset{1}{C}}-NH_2$$

Priority order : $$-CONH_2>-\underset{|}{C}=0$$

IUPAC name of this compound is :

$$5-oxo-hex-2-ene\text{ }amide$$

Name the following compound?
$$({ CH }_{ 3 }{ ) }_{ 2 }CHCH(Cl){ CH }_{ 3 })$$

IUPAC name of $$(CH_3)_2CHCH(Cl)(CH_3)$$

$$\overset {4}CH_3-\underset {|}{\overset {3}{C}H}-\underset {|}{\overset {2}{C}H}-\overset {1}{C}H_3$$

$$CH_3$$ $$Cl$$

$$2-chloro-3-methylbutane$$

Give structure and IUPAC name of the tert- pentyl.

Rules for Naming Hydrocarbons:-

Rule-I Selection of the longest carbon chain.

Rule-II Numbering the longest chain: Longest chain is numbered starting from a terminal carbon. Numbering is done in such a way that the lowest possible number is given to the side chain or a functional group.

Rule-III Writing names of branched, saturated hydrocarbons, locants are written first in alphabetical order followed by name of parent chain.

Rule-IV Some common names are retained in $$IUPAC$$ system for unsubstituted hydrocarbon only.

The IUPAC name of "tert-pentyl" is $$2-methylbutan-2-yl$$ or $$1,1-dimethylpropyl$$

(Refer to Image)

1056640_1117509_ans_fe8bccb8ffc942e796b9072f391f6b92.PNG

Given IUPAC name of following compounds
$$CH_3-\underset{CH_3}{\underset{|}{CH}}-\underset{CH_3}{\underset{|}{CH}}-CH_3$$

$$2,3$$- dimethylbutane.

the number of carbon atom froming the longest carbonskeleton is 4.

1175500_1117213_ans_c4c53be0ba514143bf2d3c18db7ad674.png

Write the IUPAC name of the following compound:
$$CH_{3}CH_{2}O-CH_{2}-CHOH-CH_{3}$$

$$H_3C-CH_2-O-CH_2-\underset {|}{CH}-CH_3$$

$$OH$$

First chose the longest chain, i.e. propane in the above case.

$$\longrightarrow$$ Number the chain with the highest prior group get the smallest number.

$$\longrightarrow$$ Here $$-OH$$ will get $$2$$ number from each end. So numbering will start from the other functional group i.e. $$O-CH_2-CH_3$$.

The naming will be $$1-ethoxy propan-2-ol$$

Is the name 2-methyl-3-buntanol correct? Explain.

$$2-methyl-3-butanol$$

(Refer to Image 1)

It is not correct, as numbering of the chain should be done in such a way so that the highest prior group get the smallest number. As $$-OH$$ has a higher priority than $$-CH_3$$. So the numbering should be,

(Refer to Image 2)

The correct IUPAC name is

$$3-methyl-2-butanol$$

1163363_1117423_ans_ac173ab15db74b25b5e37f57e4abb865.png

Correct IPUAC name of the following compound is?

Priority order: Carboxylic acid $$>$$ aldehyde $$>$$ amine

Numbering the carbon chain accordingly:

$$CHO$$ $$NH_2$$

$$HOO\underset {1}{C}-\overset {|}{\underset {2}{C}H}-\overset {|}{\underset {3}{C}H}-\underset {4}{C}OOH$$

The substituents are formyl group at $$C-2$$ & amino group at $$C-3$$ .

Hence the IUPAC name is $$2-formyl-3-amino-butan-1,4-dioic$$ $$acid$$ .

What is the IUPAC name of the given compound?
$$CH_3 - \underset{CH_3}{\underset{\!\!\!\!\!|}{CH}} - \underset{OH}{\underset{\!\!\!\!\!|}{CH}} - \underset{CH_3\!\!\!\!\!}{\underset{|}{\overset{CH_3\!\!\!\!\!}{\overset{|}{C}}}} - CH_3$$

$$CH_3$$

$$H_3\overset {5}{C}-\underset {|}{\overset {4}CH}-\underset {|}{\overset {3}CH}-\overset {2}{}\underset {|}{\overset {|}C}-\overset {1}{C}H_3$$

$$CH_3$$ $$OH$$ $$CH_3$$

Consider longest chain and that should contain $$OH$$ group.
Number such that $$OH$$ group get low number and here if we count any side, $$OH$$ is at $$3^{rd}$$ position. Then number in a way such that sum of positions of other groups will be low.
At $$2^{nd}$$ carbon, $$2$$ methyl groups, at $$4^{th}$$ carbon, $$1$$ methyl group is there.
IUPAC name is $$2,2,4-trimethyl-pentan-3-ol$$.

What is the IUPAC name of the compound?

$$CH_2-CH_3$$

$$\underset {5}CH_2=\underset {4}CH-\underset {3}{\overset {|}CH}-\underset {2}{}\underset {|}C=\underset {1}CH_2$$

$$Cl$$

Consider chain containing $$2$$ double bonds and that chain should directly be attached to chlorine.
Count in such a way that double bonds and chlorine get less number.
At $$1,4$$ carbons, double bonds are there.
At $$3^{rd}$$ carbon. ethyl group is there.
At $$2^{nd}$$ carbon, chlorine is there.

IUPAC name is $$2- Chloro-3-ethyl-penta-1,4-diene$$ .

What is the IUPAC name of the given compound?
$$CH_3-CH=CH-CH_2Br$$

$$\underset {4}CH_3-\underset {3}CH=\underset {2}CH-\underset {1}CH_2-Br$$

IUPAC name is $$1-bromo-2-butene$$

Identify which of the following is carboxylic acid,alcohol and ether?
$$CH_3 - \overset{O}{\overset{||}{C}} - OH$$ $$CH_3 - OH$$ $$CH_3 - O - CH_3$$

$$O$$

$$CH_3-\overset {||}{C}-OH \longrightarrow$$ carboxylic acid (as contain funcational group $$R-COOH$$)

$$CH_3-OH \longrightarrow$$ alcohol (as contain funcatinoal group $$R-OH$$)

$$CH_3-O-CH_3 \longrightarrow$$ Ether (as contain funcational group $$R-O-R'$$)

.

IUPAC Name : $$Hex-5-ene-4-ol-3-one-1-yne$$ .
Number will be doing from where we get the lowest number of ketone.
1174720_1121880_ans_3837de08e01f4f8f972823264791dc9d.png

1174720_1121880_ans_3837de08e01f4f8f972823264791dc9d.png

Write the IUPAC name of the following compound.
$$\overset{5}{C}H_3-\underset{CH_3}{\underset{|}{{\overset{CH_3}{\overset{|}{C}}}}}-\overset{3}{C}H_2-\overset{2}{C}\equiv \overset{1}{C}H$$

IUPAC name of,

$$\overset{5}{C}H_3-\underset{CH_3}{\underset{|}{{\overset{CH_3}{\overset{|}{C}}}}}-\overset{3}{C}H_2-\overset{2}{C}\equiv \overset{1}{C}H$$

Here one triple bond is present, so it is an alkyne.

Side groups:- methyl

IUPAC name:

$$4,4-dimethylpent-i-yne$$

What is the IUPAC name of the given compound?

$$CH_3$$

$$\underset {4}CH_3-\underset {3}{\overset {|}CH}-\underset {2}C\equiv \underset {1}CH$$

(1) Consider longest chain and that should contain triple bond.

(2) Number in a way such that triple bond get less number.

(3) At $$3^{rd}$$ carbon, methyl group is there.

IUPAC name is $$3-methyl$$ $$but-1-yne$$

What is the IUPAC name of the given compound?

$$\overset {10}CH_3-\overset {9}{\underset {|}CH}-\overset {8}CH_2-\overset {7}CH_2-\overset {6}CH_2-\overset {5}CH_2-\overset {4}{\underset {|}CH}-\overset {3}{\underset {|}CH}-\overset {2}CH_2-\overset {1}CH_3$$

$$CH_3$$ $$CH_3$$ $$Br$$

$$3-bromo-4,9-dimethyldecane$$

What is IUPAC name of $$H_{ 2 }[{ PtCl }_{ 6 }]$$?

Common name -Hexachloro platinic(iv)acid

IUPAC name-Dihydrogen hexachloroplatinate(iv)

$$[PtCl_6]^{2-}\rightarrow x+6(-1)=-2$$

$$x=6-2$$

$$x=+4$$ Platinate(iv)

Write the IUPAC name of the following:
a) $$CHO\\ |\\ CHO$$
b) $$C_6H_5-CH_2CHO$$

a) $$IUPAC$$ name is Ethanedial.

b) Numbering should be start from aldehyde group. $$IUPAC$$ name will be $$2-$$phenylethane.

$$CH_3-\underset{NH_2}{\underset{|}{\,\,\,\,CH}}-CH_3$$
What is the IUPAC name of the given compound?

$$\overset {1}CH_3-\overset {2}{\underset {|}{CH}}-\overset {3}CH_3$$

$$NH_2$$

IUPAC name: $$2-propanamine$$

Number the structure such that $$-NH_2$$ group gets less number.
At $$2^{nd}$$ carbon $$-NH_2$$ group is there.
It is a $$3$$ carbon chain. So prefix is propan.
Because of the presence of amine group at $$2^{nd}$$ position, the IUPAC name is $$2-propanamine$$ .

Write the IUPAC name of the given compound.
$$CH_3-\overset{CH_3}{\overset{|}{CH}}-\overset{O}{\overset{||}{C}}-CH_2-CH_2OH$$

According to IUPAC rule, arrange of the compound according to the functional group, so the name will be of the compound;

$$5-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-penatanone$$

1160273_1124514_ans_aa15e42128304f77a43109ebfbdba344.png

Write the systematic name of the organic compound having the structure.

$$IUPAC$$ name of given compound is $$4$$-isopropyl heptane

$$\Rightarrow$$ Accoding to $$IUPAC$$ rule, functional group on to the $$4th$$ possition $$2$$ methyl group on the same carbon

So, it is isopropyl long chain have $$7$$ hydrocarbons So, it is heptane.

1403976_1124486_ans_8fedf9849cd84d5b96aa4415643222dd.png

Name the functional groups present in the following compounds.
(i) $${ CH }_{ 2 }-CO-CH_{ 2 }-{ CH }_{ 2 }-{ CH }_{ 2 }-{ CH }_{ 3 }$$
(ii) $${ CH }_{ 3 }-CH_{ 2 }-{ CH }_{ 2 }-COOH$$
(iii) $${ CH }_{ 3 }{ -CH }_{ 2 }-{ CH }_{ 2 }-{ CH }_{ 2 }-CHO$$
(iv) $${ CH }_{ 3 }-{ CH }_{ 2 }-OH$$

(i)$$CH_2-CO-CH_2-CH_2-CH_2-CH_3$$ -Ketone

(ii)$$CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-COOH$$ -Carboxilic acid

(iii)$$CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-CH_2-CHO$$ -Aldehycle

(iv)$$CH_3-CH_2-OH$$ - Alcohol

IUPAC name of following compounds:

IUPAC Naming

$$\rightarrow$$ First select the longest chain again that contains the functional groups

$$\rightarrow$$ Numbers all the substituents in an order cace as priority

for thus ether name will be methoxy ether eyclopentome.

1345426_1134080_ans_f6adfe0984134807a185e5f6114cc33b.png

Write IUPAC names of the following :
$$CH_3 - \underset{C_2H_5}{\underset{\!\!\!\!\!|}{CH}} - \underset{C_2H_5}{\underset{\!\!\!\!\!|}{CH}} - CH_3$$

First have to select longest chain

Number each atoms such that the connected groups get lower no

so name of this compound is

2- Ethyl -3- methylpentome.

1344332_1132954_ans_9233fbc06d314ea2b2af027f9df1f82f.png

Write the structural formula for the$$IUPAC$$ name:
Pent-2-one

Pentan$$-2-$$one

Molecular formula -$$C_5H_{10}O$$

Structural Formula - refer to image.

1174514_1131833_ans_bdd686addca647eaabb887f7e507392a.PNG

Write $$IUPAC$$ Name of the following:

In chemical nomenclature , the IUPAC

nomenclature of organic chemistry is a systematic method of naming organic chemical compounds as recommended by

1343069_1134437_ans_835828d3bbee4e1f8283ec7a51bc5570.jpg

Write the structural formula and $$IUPAC$$ name the given compound with a terminal acid.
Molecular formula $$-{C}_{4}{H}_{8}{O}_{2}$$

Butanoic acid

Molecular formula $$C_4H_8O_2$$

Structural formula- refer to image.

1174511_1131832_ans_f166a9d3cbbf4ffea700499a65decf45.PNG

Write $$IUPAC$$ Name of the following:
$$C-C=C-COOH$$

1343070_1134445_ans_38863340b63b46de80f0f334fae40a4c.jpg

Write $$IUPAC$$ Name of the following:

Geral rules for IUPAC Nomenclature are:

1) Firstly identify the longest chain of carbon ie, the parent chain.

2) Identify the additional substituents present i.e, functional groups double or triple bonds etc

3) Number the carbons from the end that gives lowest number. If the chain is equivalent from both sides follows alphabetical order

4) Start first letter as capital in alphabetical order followed by the base root name of the substituents name.

5) If the same constituent occuss more than once, use di, tetra etc.(refer image)

1343113_1134583_ans_400c0a22e464448dbbddb046a45a390c.png

Write $$IUPAC$$ Name of the following:

1343110_1134569_ans_45d5481ccaf5471a907e606a3e77275d.png

Write $$IUPAC$$ Name of the following:

1343116_1134588_ans_ad95bf686b9d4a98aa5aa96fde9158b3.png

Write the IUPAC name of above compound.

1-Methylene-(4-propane-2-ylidene) cyclohexane

Rule - If a cylic compound is substituted, then root name is "cycloalkane" .

Numbering of cylic compound is substitutent is given alphabetically like in above example.

For double bond ''ene" is used.

1351452_1134907_ans_45659aab2a704ba080b33141b5e31a19.png

Write IUPAC names of sec-butyl chloride.

Sec-butyl chloride which is also known as secondary butyl chloride.

Its IUPAC name is 2-Butyl chloride.

$$CH_3-CHCl- CH_2-CH_3$$

Write $$IUPAC$$ Name of the following:
$$HOOC-\underset{\underset{\,\,\,OH}{|}}C-C-C-COOH$$

1343071_1134451_ans_62978e0dfa3d47f4ac8856f1433268fc.jpg

Write IUPAC names of the given compounds.
$${CH}_{2}=CHCl$$

$$\overset { 2 }{ C } H_{ 2 }=\overset { 1 }{ C } H-Cl$$

IUPAC name $$1-chloro-eth-2-ene.$$

Write $$IUPAC$$ Name of the following:
$$C-C-C-C-CaNH_2$$

1343114_1134584_ans_1909c4dce5d54c32852ca0918f997f4f.jpg

Write $$IUPAC$$ Name of the following:

1341933_1135325_ans_2420b884105645a78ec26635ae2f4338.png

Write $$IUPAC$$ Name of the following:
$$C-C-\underset{\underset{C-C-C}{|}}C-C-C-C-C-C$$

1351458_1135331_ans_2e30600bbac342d9ba6c5c3a6b440c78.jpg

Write the structures and give IUPAC names of following alkyl groups:
(a) Isopentyl (b) tent-Pentyl
(c) Isohexyl (d) Neohexyl

$$a)$$ Isopentyl : $$H_3C-\underset{\underset{CH_3}{|}}{CH}-CH_2-CH_2 $$ $$\Longrightarrow3-methylbutyl.$$

$$b)$$ t-pentyl : $$H_3C-CH_2-\underset{\underset{CH_3}{|}}{\overset{\overset{CH_3}{|}}{C}}-$$ $$\Longrightarrow 1,1-dimethylpropyl.$$

$$c)$$ Isohexil : $$H_3C-\underset{\underset{CH_3}{|}}{CH}-CH_2-CH_2-$$ $$\Longrightarrow 4-mythylpentyl.$$

$$d)$$ Neohexil : $$H_3C-\underset{\underset{CH_3}{|}}{\overset{\overset{CH_3}{|}}{C}}-CH_2-CH_2-$$ $$\Longrightarrow 3,3-dimethylbutyl.$$

Write $$IUPAC$$ Name of the following:

1352108_1135232_ans_9d4299b5d0f044c290a175ee38b8df01.png

Write $$IUPAC$$ name of the following:
$$\underset{\underset{\,\,\,OH}{|}}C-C-\underset{\underset{\,\,\,OH}{|}}C-\underset{\underset{\,\,\,OH}{|}}C$$

1351457_1135329_ans_a1984c4377224eaaa812f7479dba2204.jpg

Write $$IUPAC$$ name:

1352106_1135474_ans_10b698183350413fbc761cfe888b8e50.jpg

$$(CH_3)_2 COH.$$ What is the name?

1352105_1135708_ans_9bbd7691ba0c4f76a18f69d7e3f71e58.jpg

Write $$IUPAC$$ Name of the following:

1341926_1135322_ans_d166bd9f3a914a8d87d6f57caa5c0193.png

Write $$IUPAC$$ Name of the following:
$$C=C-C-C-CH_2OH$$

1341929_1135324_ans_350c5a488b6b4c8faf5a0e03deb744fa.png

Write the name of the compound.

$$\quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad O\\ \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \parallel \\ { CH }_{ 3 }{ CH }_{ 2 }{ C-O-CH }_{ 2 }-{ CH }_{ 2 }$$

1341959_1136777_ans_ade05bfca86d45a98ee619b2ed4a7341.jpg

Write the complete structural formula and give IUPAC names to the following alkanes:
(i) $${({C}_{2}{H}_{5})}_{4}C$$ (ii) $${({CH}_{3})}_{3}C{CH}_{2}{({CH}_{3})}_{2}$$ (iii) $${({C}_{2}{H}_{5})}_{2}CH{CH}_{2}C{({CH}_{3})}_{3}$$
(iv) $${CH}_{3}{({CH}_{2})}_{18}{CH}_{3}$$

Solution

REF.Image

(i) $$(C_{2}H_{5})_{4}-C$$

$$3,3-diethylpentane.$$

(ii) $$(CH_{3})_{3}-C-CH_{2}(CH_{3})_{2}$$

$$2,2-dimethyl pentane.$$

(iii) $$(C_{2}H_{5})_{2}CHCH_{2}C(CH_{3})_{3}$$

$$2,2\, dimethyl\, 4-ethyl\, hexane$$

(iv) $$CH_{3}(CH_{2})_{18}CH_{3}$$

$$CH_{3}-CH_{2}-CH_{2}-CH_{2}-CH_{2}-CH_{2}-CH_{2}-CH_{2}-CH_{2}-CH_{2}-CH_{2}-CH_{2}$$

$$-CH_{2}-CH_{2}-CH_{2}-CH_{2}-CH_{2}-CH_{2}-CH_{2}-CH_{3}$$

$$n-icosane$$

1117718_1136931_ans_606ced99654b472897e0847a157bcce6.jpg

State the IUPAC name of $$CH_2OH$$

1342483_1137739_ans_34ee7709c3c14bf9ae0bea885f8bbbf9.jpg

The correct IUPAC name for given compound is:

2,3 dichlaro cyclo hexane 1 ene
1346469_1139024_ans_06c613167f514fa0bb58e491c71f877f.png

Write the IUPAC name of the following compounds.

Solution:-

(A) $${C}_{2}{H}_{5}-\overset{\underset{|}{{C}_{2}{H}_{5}}}{N}-C{H}_{3}$$

In the above compound, the amine group is attached to the parent chain of $$2$$ carbon atoms and a methyl and ethyl group is attached to $$N$$-atom of the amine group, thus the IUPAC name of the given compound is $$N$$-ethyl-$$N$$-methyl ethan-$$1$$-amine.

(B) $${C}_{2}{H}_{5}-\overset{\underset{|}{{C}_{2}{H}_{5}}}{N}-{C}_{2}{H}_{5}$$

Write the IUPAC name.

Solution:-

The given compound contains amine group attached to a cyclic ring of $$6$$ carbon atoms with methyl $$\left( -C{H}_{3} \right)$$ and ethyl $$\left( -{C}_{2}{H}_{5} \right)$$ groups attached to $$N$$ atom of amine group. Thus the IUPAC name of the given compound is $$N$$-ethyl-$$N$$-methylcyclohexanamine

Write the complete structural formula, bond line formula and IUPAC names of all the nine isomeric alkanes represented by the formula $${C}_{7}{H}_{16}$$

1170352_1137563_ans_46b47c1c166e4ce1bb5c1c826725ea70.png

Write IUPAC name of following compounds.

$$(i)$$ 2,2-dimethyl-1-propanoic acid

$$(ii)$$ 1-bromo-2-phenylethane

$$(iii)$$ 2-cyclobuten-1-ol

$$(iv)$$ 2-butamine

see and explain.

$$1$$ to $$10$$ is the parent chain and block is attached to the $$CH 5th$$ no. of the parent chain.
1377193_1151116_ans_6b8291e35fd84dd7995220e31a69e4e5.png

$$C_7 H_{10}$$ is formed by ozonolysis.
What is the degree of unsaturation?

Degree funsaturation
For Double Bond = 01
For king = 01
For triple Bond = 02
We have two double bond and onefly
= 2(1) + 1
= 3
1028052_1162197_ans_9564ec7554b04ec8aeca0adbfc47dfab.png

1028052_1162197_ans_9564ec7554b04ec8aeca0adbfc47dfab.png

IUPAC name of the following.

Hint: Alcohols are named by replacing the suffix -ane with -anol. If there is more than one hydroxyl group (-OH), the suffix is expanded to include a prefix that indicates the number of hydroxyl groups present (-anediol, -anetriol, etc.).

Explanation:

1. Identify the longest carbon chain. This chain is called the parent chain.

2. Identify all of the substituents.

3. Number the carbons of the parent chain from the end that gives the substituents the lowest numbers.

For a cycloalkane, the ring supplies the root name and the substituent group is named as usual.

So the naming of this compound is $$cyclohexan-1,4-diol$$.

IUPAC name of this compound $$CH_3CH_2 - \underset{CH_2 CH_2CH_3\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!}{\underset{|}{\overset{H_3C}{\overset{|}{C}}}} - \overset{C_2H_5}{\overset{\!\!\!\!\!\!|}{CH}} - C_2H_5$$

$$3,4$$ diethyl - $$4$$ methylseptane.
1380437_1166610_ans_e4d078f0ba59451482d2451760bd2981.png

Give the IUPAC name
$$H - \underset{H}{\underset{|}{\overset{H}{\overset{|}{C}}}} - \underset{H}{\underset{|}{\overset{o}{\overset{||}{C}}}}$$ and
$$CH_3 - \underset{Br}{\underset{|}{\overset{CH_3}{\overset{|}{C}}}} - CH_2CH_3$$

Rules for IUPAC Nomenclature:-

Functional group :-Aldehyde

$$H$$ $$O$$

$$H\underset {2}{-}\overset {|}{\underset {|}{C}}-\overset {||}{\underset {1}{C}}-H$$

$$H$$

IUPAC name $$\longrightarrow$$ $$Ethan-1-al$$

$$CH_3$$

$$\overset {1}{CH_3}-^2\underset {|}{\overset {|}{C}}-\overset {3}{C}H_2\overset {4}{C}H_3$$

$$Br$$

IUPAC name $$\longrightarrow$$ $$2-Bromo-2methylButane$$

Write the IUPAC Name of the following structure

1350840_1173666_ans_ef7917b3d4614dc594e32b3111a3c9e5.png

write down the general and IUPAC name of the compound.
$$CH_{3}-CH_2-Cl$$

$$CH_3-CH_2-Cl$$

$$1$$-chloroethane.

The correct IUPAC name of following compound is:

$$-COOH$$ has the highest priority, so, numbering will start from the carbon bearing carboxylic acid group. Numbering will be done as shown above.

Suffix $$-oic \ acid$$ will be added. For $$C=O$$ group prefix $$-oxo$$ is used and for $$-CHO$$ group prefix $$-formyl$$ is used.

Name of compound = 4-formyl-2-oxo-1-cyclohexanoic acid

1126062_1168270_ans_874103a373204b9db2ce4a5f1d8c86de.png

Write the $$IUPAC$$ name of $${\left[ {COC{l_2}{{\left( {N{H_3}} \right)}_4}} \right]^4}$$.

1351804_1277125_ans_60b7313aa09748da95cb7d9e53e0101a.jpg

Write down the rules of IUPAC Nomenclature

1351732_1275355_ans_f165a1b37055488dbade36d09fd11637.jpg

IUPAC name of the following compound is:

Suffix for $$-COOH$$ is used as Carboxy.

IUPAC name: $$2-methyl - 1,3,5- hexanetrioic$$ $$acid$$

What is meant by a functional group in an organic compound ? Name the functional group present in :
(i) $$ C{ H }_{ 3 }C{ H }_{2 }OH$$
(ii) $$ C{ H }_{ 3 }COOH $$

Functional group is an atom or group of atoms or reactive part of a compound which determines the chemical properties of compounds.

(i) The given compound is $$CH_{3}CH_{2}OH$$

The compound is ethanol, and the functional group present is -OH (alcohol).

(ii) The given compound is $$CH_{3}COOH$$

The compound is acetic acid, and the functional group present is -COOH (carboxylic acid).

In foam extinguisher ______ is present in the bottle

With dry chemical extinguishers, nitrogen is typically used; water and foam extinguishers typically use air. Stored pressure fire extinguishers are the most common type.

Write IUPAC name of the given compound.

IUPAC name: 2, 4, 4- trimethyl - 3 - hydroxy - hex -1 -ene.
1164976_1281333_ans_1e3784e18c574792a308e8cabd67e40f.png

Write IUPAC name of the given compound.
$$CH_3 - \underset{OH}{\underset{|}{CH}} - \underset{CH_3}{\underset{|}{CH}} - CH_2 - OH$$

In the given compound there are two $$-OH$$ groups and one methyl group present in the branch.

The priority will be given to the $$-OH$$ group present in the extreme right of the carbon chain.

The parent chain contain 4 carbon atoms. Thus the IUPAC name of the compound will be:

$$2-methyl butane-1,3-diol$$

Write IUPAC name:

IUPAC name: 1 - phenyl - 3 - methyl - butan -1 - ol.
1165056_1281353_ans_449cf062ba954f31a9cc245e7f85e342.png

Write IUPAC name:

Suffix for alcohol is 'ol'.

IUPAC name: Cyclohexylmethanol

What is the correct IUPAC name of the compound?

IUPAC name: 5 - Bromo - 1 - chloro cyclohexene.

First priority will be given to double bond and the halogen attached to it. while writting the name alphabetical order is followed.

1165082_1281564_ans_0b29bfe1ea024e4b9b1b6f8d90abb63b.png

Write IUPAC name:
$$CH_3 - \underset{OH}{\underset{\!\!\!\!|}{CH}} - \underset{OH}{\underset{\!\!\!\!|}{CH}} - CH_2 - OH$$

suffix of alcohol is ol. The numbering would be one from left side.

IUPAC name : 1,2,3- Tri Butanol

Give IUPAC name :

IUPAC name: Bicyclohexyl cyclohexane. $$C_{12}H_{22}$$

A chemical structure of a molecule includes the arrangement of atoms and the chemical bonds that hold the atoms together. The Bicyclohexyl molecule contains a total of 35 bonds. There are 13 non-H bonds, 1 rotatable bond and 2 six-membered rings.

Name of the following compounds according to IUPAC system:
$$CH_3 - CH_2 - \underset{CH_2 Cl\!\!\!\!\!}{\underset{\!\!\!\!\!|}{CH}} - \overset{CH_2 OH\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!}{\overset{\!\!\!\!\!|}{CH}} - \underset{CH-3\!\!\!\!\!}{\underset{\!\!\!\!\!|}{CH}} - CH_3$$

1337874_1310945_ans_f2eb20b377294d518a235d1bd3f1a930.jpg

Write the IUPAC name:
$$R - C \equiv N \xrightarrow[H_2O]{LAH}$$

1350479_1291715_ans_4c5a49ec17bf4743be5c1378f9d5f457.jpg

Write the chemical names of $$CH_3COCH_3$$ and $$C_2H_5COOH$$

1287204_1315726_ans_89b2218838ee404ea4e302e889a7c74c.PNG

Give the names of the following functional groups
(i) $$-OH$$
(ii) $$-COOH$$

(i) Alcohol $$-OH$$. Example $$CH_3-OH$$ is known as methyl alcohol

(ii) Carboxylic Acid $$-COOH$$. Example $$CH_3-COOH$$ is known as acetic acid.

Write the IUPAC name of $$cis-platine$$ complex.

$$cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II)$$
1287338_1323679_ans_55618469a98d45eb818a1bef50dccfd5.PNG

Explain why $$-COOCH_3$$ is a meta-directing group while $$-OCOCH_3$$ is an o,p-directing group.

1285831_1343447_ans_f43c3345e7054a238b74debe9ee52257.PNG

Name the chemical

1287331_1317851_ans_e8e8cea8cd9e4b589f5092ccdf6e5c1a.PNG

Give $$IUPAC$$ name of following compound.
$$CH_{2} = CH-C \equiv C-CH_{3}$$

$$IUPAC$$ name of following compound.
$$CH_{2} = CH-C \equiv C-CH_{3}$$ pent 1-ene 3-yne as it has a double bond at 1t catbon and triple bond at 3rd carbon and has 5 carbons in the long chain.

Give IUPAC name of the expected product in the given reaction:

1286072_1379883_ans_d45c0f603dc648749e6fba39b25fd1d0.png

Give $$IUPAC$$ name of following compound.
$$CH_{3}-CH= CH-C \equiv CH$$

$$IUPAC$$ name of following compound is
$$CH_{3}-CH= CH-C \equiv CH$$ pent 3-ene 1-yne as it has a triple bond at 1st carbon and double bond at 3rd carbon and total it has 5 carbons in the long chain.

Total number of different functional groups in following compounds :

1) a2o - $$-N = N - = 1$$

2) alcohol $$2^{\circ}$$ alcohol = 2

3) imine $$-C = N - = 2$$

4) amine $$-NH_2$$ $$2^{\circ}$$ amine = 2

$$1^{\circ}$$ amine

5) sulphalydril $$-SH = 1$$

Total 5 different function group is present.

1285846_1382047_ans_80059019b5d843e0b518e38c77413043.png

Give $$IUPAC$$ name of following compound.
$$CH_{3}-C \equiv C-CH_{2}-C \equiv CH$$

$$IUPAC$$ name of following compound.
$$CH_{3}-C \equiv C-CH_{2}-C \equiv CH$$ is 1,4 Hexa triene.As it has two triple bonds at 1 and 4th catbons and six carbons in the main chain

The IUPAC name of this compund:

$$CH_2=CH-CH_2-\underset{\underset{\,CH_3}{|}}CH-CH_3$$

2041284_1363883_ans_5628b0eb0cab47c7988a37e48e5ec990.jpg

Write the names of the following functional groups

(a) $$-C \equiv C-$$

(a) The names of the functional group is Alkyne since there is a triple bond between 2 C - atom.

(b) The names of the functional group is Alkene since there is a double bond between 2 C - atom.

Find the relation and fill in the blank.
Amino group: $$-NH_2$$
Carboxylic group:

$$-N{H}_{2}$$ is a structural formula of amino group.

Therefore,

Structural formula of carboxylic acid-

$$-COOH$$

(i) Write molecular formula of Propane.
(ii) Write IUPAC name of
$$H-\underset{H}{\underset{|}{\overset{H}{\overset{|}{C}}}}-\underset{H}{\underset{|}{\overset{H}{\overset{|}{C}}}}-Br$$

As we know that molecular formula of alkane is- $${C}_{n} {H}_{2n+2}$$

For propane, $$n = 3$$.
$$\therefore$$ Molecular formula of propane is $${C}_{3}{H}_{8}$$.

$$C{H}_{3}-C{H}_{2}-Br$$

As the given compound contains a parent chain of $$2$$ carbon atoms with bromine atom at $$C-1$$ position. Hence the IUPAC name of the given compound is $$1$$-bromoethane or bromoethane.

Fill in the blanks:
______ system of nomenclature of organic compounds is a universally accepted system.

IUPAC

Fill in the blanks:
A functional group is an atom or in a molecule that gives the molecule its characteristic __.

group of atoms, chemical properties

Fill in the blanks:
Full form of IUPAC system is ______

International union of pure and applied chemistry

Fill in the blanks:
The name of the compound with the given structural formula is _____

2-ethyl-2-methyl-1-butanol

Fill in the blanks:
The trivial names of organic compounds are called ________

common names

Fill in the blanks:
Wood spirit was named ______

methyl alcohol or methanol

Fill in the blanks:
Cyclohexane is an while benzene is an

alicyclic, aromatic

Fill in the blanks:
The maximum number of functional groups must be included in the carbon atoms chain selected, even if it does not satisfy the ________ .

longest chain rule

The systematic names of the alkanes are based on of carbon atoms in the _ continuous chain of carbon atoms.

number, longest

State, whether the following statement is True or False:
IUPAC means International Union of Physics and Chemistry.

False- International union of pure and applied chemistry

Fill in the blanks:
The IUPAC name of succinic acid is ______.

$$1,4-butanedioic$$
1597220_1716585_ans_bf088b7048174a08b2605d560d674f14.png

Fill in the blanks:
The structural formula of 3-Ethyl-2-methyl hexane is _____

1548755_1716590_ans_eb88afccdf3b4b468c5f66fc74e72c51.png

State, whether the following statement is True or False:
Chemical properties of an organic compound depend on the functional group

True

State, whether the following statement is True or False:
Prefixes line n-, iso-, sec-, tert-, neo-, etc are used in IUPAC system

False- used in trivial system

Fill in the blanks:
The common name of $${CH}_{2}=CHCN$$ is _____

vinyl cyanide

State, whether the following statement is True or False:
The given structure is an unsaturated compound.

False- Is a saturated compound

State, whether the following statement is True or False:
Acetic acid is the systematic name of vinegar.

False- Acetic acid is the common name of vinegar

State, whether the following statement is True or False:
The systematic names of the acids are formed by dropping the -e of the name of parent alkane and adding suffix -oic acid.

True

State, whether the following statement is True or False:
Neohydrocarbons contain a tertiary carbon atom.

False-having one quarternary carbon atom

State, whether the following statement is True or False:
The IUPAC name of $$HCHO$$ is methanal

True

State, whether the following statement is True or False:
The common name of 2-propanol is isopropyl alcohol.

True

State, whether the following statement is True or False:
The IUPAC name of $${CH}_{3}COO{CH}_{3}$$ is methyl acetate.

False - methyl ethanoate

Select the principal functional group when the following groups are present in the molecule:
$$Br$$, $${CH}_{3}$$, $$-CHO$$

Aldehyde,

−CHO−CHO

Name the following alkyl groups:
$${CH}_{3}{CH}_{2}{CH}_{2}$$

n-Propyl

Select the principal functional group when the following groups are present in the molecule:
$${NO}_{2}$$, $${NH}_{2}$$, $$-CO{NH}_{2}$$

Amide $$-CO{NH}_{2}$$

Name the following alkyl groups:
$${({CH}_{3})}_{3}C$$

Tert. butyl

Name the following alkyl groups:

Isobutyl

Name the following alkyl groups:

Sec. butyl

Select the principal functional group when the following groups are present in the molecule:
$$OH$$, $$COOH$$, $$-{NO}_{2}$$

Carboxylic −COOH

Select the principal functional group when the following groups are present in the molecule:
$$Cl$$, $${CH}_{3}$$, $$-OH$$

Alcohol: $$-OH$$

Name the following alkyl groups:
$${CH}_{3}{CH}_{2}$$

Ethyl

Name the following alkyl groups:
$${({CH}_{3})}_{2}CH$$

Isopropyl

In the Kjeldahl's process, the nitrogen present in the organic compound is changed into _________ by heating the compound with concentrated $$ H_2SO_4 $$

ammonium sulphate

Give the IUPAC names of the following compounds:
Acetaldehyde

Ethanal

Give the IUPAC names of the following compounds:
Vinyl cyanide

$$CH_2=CH-CN$$

3 2 1

Prop-2-en-1-nitrile

Give the common names of the following compounds which have been named according to the IUPAC system of nomenclature.
Ethanoyl chloride

Acetyl chloride

Give the IUPAC names of the following compounds:
Acetylene

Ethyne

Give the IUPAC names of the following compounds:
Ethylene

Ethene

Answer the following:
What system of nomenclature of organic compounds are universally accepted?

IUPAC

Give the common names of the following compounds which have been named according to the IUPAC system of nomenclature.
Methanol

Methyl alcohol

Give the common names of the following compounds which have been named according to the IUPAC system of nomenclature.
1,2,3-Propanetriol

Glycerol

Give the common names of the following compounds which have been named according to the IUPAC system of nomenclature.
Ethanol

Ethyl alcohol

Give the common names of the following compounds which have been named according to the IUPAC system of nomenclature.
Propane-1,2,3-tri-carboxylic acid

Tricarballylic

Explain why the given names in the following are wrong. Give the correct name in each case:
1,4-dihydroxybut-2-yne

$$-OH$$ is a primary functional group and not substituent. The correct name is but-2-yne-1,4-diol

Give the common names of the following compounds which have been named according to the IUPAC system of nomenclature.
Butanal

Butyraldehyde

Explain why the given names in the following are wrong.
Give the correct name in each case:
3-bromo-2-methylpropane

The numbering has been wrongly. The correct name is 1-bromo-2-methylpropane

Give the common names of the following compounds which have been named according to the IUPAC system of nomenclature.
Ethanoic acid

Acetic acid

Give the common names of the following compounds which have been named according to the IUPAC system of nomenclature.
Methyl ethanoate

Methyl acetate

Give the common names of the following compounds which have been named according to the IUPAC system of nomenclature.
Ethyl carbylamine

Ethyl isocyanide

Are the following name correct according to IUPAC system of nomenclature? If not, give the correct names.
4,4,5-Trimethylhex-1-yne

Yes

Are the following name correct according to IUPAC system of nomenclature? If not, give the correct names.
Pent-3-yne

No. it should be pent-2-yne

Explain the lowers sum rule in IUPAC system with an example

1555479_1717219_ans_1e0a5b72b40946489aa309a72117b7be.jpg

Write the IUPAC names of the given compounds:

4-Ethyl hex-4-en-2-ol

Give the correct IUPAC names of the following:
Neopentane

2,2-Dimethyl propane

Write the IUPAC names of the given compounds:

3,4-Dimethyl pent-1-en-3-ol

Describe the following :
Liebig method for the estimation of carbon and hydrogen in an organic compound.

Describe the following :
Principle of Duma's method for the estimation of nitrogen in an organic compound.

$$V_2= \text {Volume of vapours at NTP} = \cfrac {(W_3-W_1)\times P_1}{T_2} \times \cfrac {273}{760}$$
1549103_1717092_ans_3873490f5ad146f59cdd554a437b3b5c.JPG

There are .......$$ \pi $$ bonds in a nitrogen molecule.

There is a triple bond which has one $$ \sigma$$ bond and two $$ \pi $$ bonds.

$$N\equiv N$$

What is the common name of: (a) methanoic acid, and (b) ethanoic acid?

The common name of:

(a) Methanoic acid is Formic acid.

(b) Ethanoic acid is Acetic acid.

The number of pi bonds in tetracyanoethylene molecule is:

1560224_1727136_ans_8154d0051df541bba9de66dc66887f3b.jpg

Fill in the following blanks with suitable words:
The functional group present in ethanol is ________.

Ethanol is $$C_2H_5OH$$

Functional group is present is $$-OH$$ (alcohol).

How many $$\pi-$$ bonds are present in Marshall's acid?

Marshall's acid is peroxydisulphuric acid,

It has 4 Double bonds, and each double bond consist one $$\pi$$ bond.

$$\therefore$$ 4 $$\pi$$ bonds are present in Marshall's acid.

1694380_1730029_ans_0b17118e86d6493d9fbad90a487e925e.png

(a) Write the formula of the functional group present in carboxylic acids.
(b) Name the functional group present in $$CH_{3} - C \equiv CH$$.
(c) Name the functional groups present in the following compounds:
(i) $$CH_{3}CHO$$ (ii) $$CH_{3}CH_{2}COOH$$ (iii) $$CH_{3}COCH_{3}$$ (iv) $$CH_{3}CH_{2}CH_{3}OH$$.

(a) $$-COOH$$ is the functional group present in carboxylic acids.

(b) Alkyne

Name the functional group present in an organic compound which gives brisk effervescences with $$NaHCO_{3}$$.

Carboxylic acid group, $$-COOH$$ gives brisk effervescences with $$NaHCO_{3}$$.

$$CH_3COOH + NaHCO_3 \rightarrow CH_3COONa + CO_2 +H_2O$$

(a) What is the molecular formula and structure of the alcohol which can be thought to be derived from pentane?
(b) Write the names of the following functional groups: (Refer image)
(c) What makes the candle flame yellow and luminous?

(a) The molecular formula and structure of the alcohol which can be thought to be derived from pentane is $$C_{5}H_{12}O$$ or $$C_{5}H_{11}OH.$$ and its structure is shown in the image.

(b) The names of the following functional groups

(i) Aldehyde group
(ii) Alcohol group
(iii) Carboxylic acid group
(iv) Ketone group
(v) Halo group

(c) When a candle is lighted, the wax melts, rises up the wick and gets converted into vapours.
In a candle, there is no provision for the proper mixing of oxygen (of air) for burning wax vapours. So, the wax vapours burn in an insufficient supply of oxygen (of air) which leads to incomplete combustion of wax. This incomplete combustion of wax produces small unburnt carbon light. This makes the candle flames yellow and luminous.

(a) Which functional group do you think can be present in an organic compound having the molecular formula $$C_{5}H_{10}O_{2}$$? Write the formula of the organic compound.

(b) Give one example each of the compounds having the following functional groups :
(i) Aldehyde group (ii) Alcohol group (iii) Carboxylic acid group (iv) Halo group.

(c) Give one example each of the compounds having the following functional groups:
(i) Alkene group (ii) Alkyne group.

(a) The functional group present in an organic compound having the molecular formula $$C_{5}H_{10}O_{2}$$ is Carboxylic acid group, $$(-COOH)$$ and its formula is $$C_{4}H_{9}COOH$$

(b) One example each of the compounds having the following functional groups are:

(i) Aldehyde group: Ethanal $$(CH_{3}CHO)$$
(ii) Alcohol group: Methanol $$(CH_{3}OH)$$
(iii) Carboxylic acid grou: Ethanoic acid $$(CH_{3}COOH)$$
(iv) Halo group: Chloromethane $$(CH_{3}Cl)$$

(i) Alkene group: Ethene $$(CH_{2} = CH_{2})$$
(ii) Alkyne group: Ethyne $$(CH \equiv CH)$$.

(a) What is meant by a functional group? Explain with an example.
(b) Write three common functional groups present in organic compounds. Give their symbols/formulae.
(c) Name the functional groups present in the following compounds:
(i) $$CH_{3}COOH$$ (ii) $$CH_{3}CH_{2}CHO$$ (iii) $$C_{2}H_{5}OH$$ (iv) $$CH_{3}COCH_{2}CH_{3}$$
(d) Name the functional group which always occurs in the middle of a carbon chain.
(e) Draw the structures for the following compounds:
(i) Ethanal (ii) Propanal (iii) Butanal (iv) Pentanal.

(a) An 'atom' or 'a group of atoms' which makes a carbon compound (or organic compound) reactive and decides its properties (or functions) is called a functional group. The alcohol group, $$-OH$$, present in ethanol, $$C_{2}H_{5}OH$$, is an example of a functional group.

(b) Three common functional groups present in organic compounds and their symbol are:

(i) Halo group: $$-X$$
(ii) Alcohol group: $$-OH$$
(iii) Aldehyde group: $$-CHO$$

(i) Carboxylic acid group
(ii) Aldehyde group
(iii) Alcohol group
(iv) Ketone group

(d) The functional group which always occurs in the middle of a carbon chain is Ketone group, $$-CO-$$.

(e) Structures are shown in the figure.

1573840_1750439_ans_f08ed406066943a39eb1e9678b98a54c.jpg

Fill in the following blanks with suitable words:
Organic compounds having $$-\overset {\overset {O}{\parallel}}{C} - OH$$ functional group are known as ________.

Organic compounds having $$-COOH$$ functional group are known as $$Carboxylic\ acids$$.

For example $$CH_3COOH$$ is Acetic acid also known as ethanoic acid.

(a) Draw the structures for the following compounds:
(i) Propanone (ii) Butanone

(b) Write the IUPAC names of the following:
(i) $$HCHO$$ (ii) $$CH_{3}CHO$$ (iii) $$CH_{3}CH_{2}CHO$$ (iv) $$CH_{3}CH_{2}CH_{2}CHO$$

(c) Which functional group is likely to be present in an organic compound having the molecular formula $$C_{4}H_{10}O$$? Write the formula of the organic compound.

(a) The structural formula of (i) Propanone and (ii) Butanone are shown in the image.

(b) The IUPAC name for the given chemical formulae are:

(i) Methanal

(ii) Ethanal

(iii) Propanal

(iv) Butanal

1573714_1750353_ans_89d90ba124de40ec8350171b3b31a9d9.jpg

Name one chemical compound which can be used to distinguish between ethanol and ethanoic acid.

Sodium hydrogen carbonate can be used to distinguish between ethanol and ethanoic acid. It gives brisk effervescence of carbon dioxide, with ethanoic acid.

Which functional group always occur at the terminal position of a carbon chain?

Aldehydic group R-CHO and carboxylic group R-COOH (R= alkyl group) always occur at terminal position of a carbon chain.

What is the difference between the nature of $$\pi-bonds$$ present in $$H_{3}PO_{3}$$ and $$HNO_{3}$$ molecules?

In $$H_{3}PO_{3}$$, there is $$p\Pi - d\Pi$$ bond whereas in $$HNO_{3}$$, there is $$p\Pi - p\Pi$$ bond.

Give the names of the functional groups:
(i) -OH
(ii) $$>C=O$$

The names of the given functional groups are

(i) Alcoholic group
(ii) Ketonic group.

What is a functional group? Give examples of four different functional groups.

An atom/group of atoms joined in a specific manner which is responsible for the characteristics chemical properties of the organic compounds is called a functional group. Examples are hydroxyl group (-OH), aldehyde group(-CHO), Ketonic group (-CO-),Carboxlic acid group(-COOH) etc.

Give the basic difference between Inorganic Chemistry and Organic Chemistry.

a) Inorganic chemistry includes study of innumerable elements and compounds.

Including	Metals	Non metals
Elements	include	Sulphur,Phosphorous,Sodium, Potassium
Gases	include	$$SO_2$$,$$CO_2$$, N
Acids	include	$$HCl,H_2SO_4,HNO_3$$

b) Organic chemistry includes study of specific carbon compounds built up mainly of carbon and hydrogen.

Compounds include hydrocarbons e.g., Methane
Acids include-acetic acid.

What is meant by functional group in carbon compounds write in tabular form the structural formula and the functional group present in the following compounds:
(i) Ethanol (i) Ethanoic acid

An atom or a group of atoms which determine the chemical properties of an organic compound is called a functional group.
1648817_1784656_ans_b8ce02cdf8294565bfef30522bd39bdc.png

1648817_1784656_ans_b8ce02cdf8294565bfef30522bd39bdc.png

Name the functional group which always occurs in the middle of a carbon chain.

Ketonic group always occurs in the middle of a carbon chain.

Name the functional groups present in the following compounds.

(a) Hydroxyl / Alcohol

(b) Carboxylic Acid

(d) Alkene

Sucrose (sugar) crystals obtained from sugarcane and beet root are mixed together. Will it be a pure substance or a mixture ? Give reasons for the same.

It will be a pure substance (compound) because chemical composition of sugar crystals will be the same whether obtained from sugarcane or from beet root.

Name the functional groups present in the following compounds '
(a) $$CH_3COCH_2CH_2CH_2CH_3$$
(b) $$CH_3CH_2CH_2COOH$$
(c) $$CH_3CH_2CH_2CH_2CHO$$
(d) $$CH_3CH_2OH$$

(a) ketone
(b) carboxylic acid
(c) aldehyde
(d) alcohol

What is a functional group? Give examples of four different functional groups

Functional group - An atom/group of atoms joined in a specific manner which is responsible for the characteristic chemical properties of the organic compounds.
Examples are hydroxyl group (-OH), aldehyde group (-CHO), carboxylic group (-COOH) etc.

Identify and name of the functional groups present in the following compounds.

(a) alcohol
(b) carboxylic acid
(c) Ketone
(d) alkene

Complete the statements with the correct words.

(a) are chemicals which are sour in taste and derived from plants and minerals.
(b) are chemicals which are hydroxide (or oxides) of metals eg. sodium hydroxide.
(c) are chemicals formed on reaction of a base with an acid giving salt and water.

(a) Acids are chemicals which are sour in taste and derived from plants and minerals.

(b) Bases are chemicals which are hydroxide (or oxides) of metals eg. sodium hydroxide.

Give the correct $$IUPAC$$ name and the functional group for each of the compounds whose structural are given below.

The longest chain containing 3 carbon atoms with aldehyde as functional group. (Suffix will be -al)

$$IUPAC$$ name: Propanal

Functional group: $$-CHO$$ (Aldehyde)

Identify the functional groups of the following:
$$HCHO$$

The functional group present in the following compounds is:

HCHO:−HCHO:− Aldehyde

Fill in the blanks:
$$CO$$ is an _____ compound.

$$CO$$ is an inorganic compound.

Some simple compounds that contain carbon are often considered inorganic. Examples include carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbonates, carbides

Explain the following term with example.
Functional group

The functional group is defined as an atom or group of atom joined in a specific manner,which gives the chemical properties of the organic compounds and they are the centers for chemical reactivity. Compounds having similar functional group have undergoes similar reaction.

Fill in the blanks:
$$CHO$$ is the functional group of an ________.

$$-CHO$$ is the functional group of an aldehyde.

Fill in the blanks:
The root in the IUPAC name of an organic compound depends on the number of carbon atoms in ______

The root in the IUPAC name of an organic compound depends on the number of carbon atoms in Principal/Parent chain.

What is the importance of separation of substances ? Explain.

$$\textbf {Necessity for separation of substances}$$ : The existence of any substance in its pure form is necessary. There are many substance which cannot be used due to presence of impurities in them. Therefore, to obtain a substance in its pure form separation is necessary. By separating impurities, we can increase quality, purity, strength and utility. At the same time, ratio of components of mixture can be estimated.

For example , due to presence of impurities , strength of cement decreases.
Lustre of gold decreases due to impurities .
Impure water can cause diseases .

Hence , we can say that it is very necessary to separate components of mixture.

Sum of sigma and $$\pi$$ - bonds in $$NH_{4}^{+}$$ cation is

In $$NH_4^+$$ ion, there is no pi bond. There has four electrons containing orbital in the outermost shell of N atom. All electron containing atomic orbital of the outermost shell of N atom participates in hybridization. As a result hybridization of central N atom is $$sp^3$$. and all are sigma bonds.

thus answer is $$ 4.$$

1778880_1821457_ans_661cb17711e446829ffc9cb6ae6b0422.png

Sum of $$\sigma$$ and $$\pi$$ bonds in $$NH_{4}^{+}$$ cation is

$$\sigma$$ bond $$=4, \ \pi$$ bond $$=0$$

thus, answer is $$4$$

1781941_1821486_ans_cfb1aa999a0b44438d36b77ebdc31135.png

Column-I and Column-II contains four entries each. Entries of Column-I are to be matched with some entries of Column-II. One or more than one entries of Column-I may have the matching with the same entries of Column-II.

$$A \rightarrow 3,4, B \rightarrow 1, C \rightarrow 2, D \rightarrow 1,2$$

What is a pi bond ?

A bond formed between two atoms by the sideways overlapping of two half-filled p - orbitals is called a pi bond.

Explain the Trivial system of nomenclature with example :

Trivial System : This is the oldest system of naming organic compounds. The trivial name was generally based on the source, some other reason. Quite frequently, the names chosen had Greek or Latin roots. As given :
1751237_1832619_ans_1ea31666fe49461e95a93b4d276d30c5.png

1751237_1832619_ans_1ea31666fe49461e95a93b4d276d30c5.png

What are the functional groups in

The functional groups present are $$-OH, -O-$$ respectively.

Explain IUPAC system of nomenclature with examples.

IUPAC System
(a) The full form of IUPAC system is International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry.
(b) This system of nomenclature was first introduced in $$1947$$ and was modified from time to time.
(c) The most exhaustive rules for nomenclature were first published in $$1979$$ and later revised and updated in $$1993$$.
The systemic IUPAC name of an organic compound consists of four parts.

Root word
Suffix (es)
Prefix (es)
Infix

The complete systemic IUPAC name can be represented as :
Prefix + Infix + Root word + $$1^\circ$$ suffix + $$2^\circ$$ suffix

$$1.$$ Root word : It indicates the number of carbon atoms in the longest possible continuous carbon chain also known as parent chain chosen by a set of rules. The root words used for different length of carbon chain (upto 10) are shown below :
1751240_1832620_ans_43d9223b7b9948a784e2a7511120e7a8.png

1751240_1832620_ans_43d9223b7b9948a784e2a7511120e7a8.png

Mention the $$\pi$$ and $$\pi$$ bond present in (1) $$N_{2}(2) O_{2}$$

		$$\pi$$ bond	$$\sigma$$ bond
(1)	$$N_{2}$$	2	1
(2)	$$O_{2}$$	1	1

Complete the table.
Structural formula of compound Name of functional group IUPAC name
$$CH_3 - CH_2 - CH_2 - OH$$ ..............a............... Propan-$$1$$-ol
$$CH_3 - CH_2 - CH_2 - CH - NH_2$$ .............b............ ........c..........
..............d........... Alkoxy group Ethoxy propane

a. Hydroxyl

b. Amino

c. Butane - l - amino

d. $$CH_3 - CH_2 - O - CH_2 - CH_2 - CH_3$$

The name of organic compounds are given below. Identify their functional group.
Propan - l - amine

Amino $$(-NH_2):$$ Amines

The name of organic compounds are given below. Identify their functional group.
$$2$$ - Methoxybutane

Methoxy $$(CH_3 - O-):$$ Ether

The name of organic compounds are given below. Identify their functional group.
Heptane - $$2$$ - ol

$$(-OH):$$ Alcohol

Write the prefix and suffix used for $$-OH$$ group.

Prefix of $$-OH$$ group = hydroxy
Suffix of $$-OH$$ group = $$-ol$$

Write the name of $$-OH$$

The name of the given functional group is Hydroxyl.

The name of organic compounds are given below. Identify their functional group.
Propanone

Keto $$(-CO-):$$ Ketones

Which of the following has the maximum number of $$\pi -$$bonds - propyne, butadiene, benzene?

Benzene has three $$\pi-$$bonds while propyne and butadiene both have two $$\pi-$$bonds each.

Write the name of the functional group $$-Cl$$.

The name of the above functional group is Chloro.

Write the name of the functional group $$ -CO-$$.

Name of the above functional group is Keto.

Write the name of the functional group $$-COOH$$.

The name of the above functional group is carboxylic acid.

The name of organic compounds are given below. Identify their functional group.
Pentanal

Aldehyde $$(-CHO):$$ Aldehydes

Write the name of the functional group $$ -O - CH_2 - CH_3$$

Name of the above functional group is ethoxy.

Fill in the blanks :
Benzoic acid containing an impurity of naphthalene can be purified by crystallisation using ................. as the solvent.

Benzoic acid containing an impurity of naphthalene can be purified by crystallisation using $$\underline{\text{water}}$$ as the solvent.

Fill in the blanks :
In Duma's method, the function of reduced copper gauze is to convert oxides of .......... to ...............

In Duma's method, the function of reduced copper gauze is to convert oxides of $$\underline{nitrogen}$$ to $$\underline{N_2 \,\ gas}.$$

Complete the following table:
Molecular Formula Common Name IUPAC Name
$$CH_3CH_2CH_2CH_2OH$$
Dimethyl ketone
Propanal
$$HCOOH$$
Butanone

Molecular Formula	Common Name	IUPAC Name
$$CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-CH_2-OH$$	Butyl alcohol	1-Butanol
$$O$$ $$CH_3-\overset {\|\|}{C}-CH_3$$	Dimethyl ketone	Propanone
$$CH_3-CH_2-CHO$$	Methyl acetaldehyde	Propanol
$$HCOOH$$	Formic acid	Methanoic acid
$$O$$ $$CH_3-\overset {\|\|}{C}-CH_2-CH_3$$	Ethyl methyl ketone	Butanone

Using their structural formula identify the functional group of dimethyl ether.

The functional group present is ether. The IUPAC name is methoxy methane.

Write the common name and IUPAC name of the following:
i) $$CH_3CH_2CHO$$
ii) $$CH_3COCH_3$$
iii) $$\begin{matrix} CH_3 - & CH - & CH_3 \\ & | & & \\ & OH & \end{matrix}$$
iv) $$CH_3COOH$$
v) $$HCHO$$

	Common name	IUPAC name
(i) $$CH_3CH_2CHO$$	methylacetaldehyde	Propanol
(ii) $$CH_3COCH_3$$	acetone	Propanone
(iii) $$CH_3-\underset {\|}{CH}-CH_3$$ $$OH$$	Isopropanol	Propane-2-ol
(iv) $$CH_3COOH$$	acetic acid	Ethanoic acid
(v) $$HCHO$$	formaldehyde	methanol

Give the structural formulae of each of the following :
(i) 2-methyl propane
(ii) Ethanoic acid
(iii) Butan-2-ol

R.E.F image

$$ 2-$$ methyl propane

R.E.F image

Ethanoic acid

R.E.F image

Butan $$-2-$$ ol

Explain functional group with example?

A functional group is a specific groups of atoms within molecules so that these molecules have similar chemical properties regardless of the other atoms present in the molecules. Examples of functional group include $$ \displaystyle -OH$$ group of alcohols, $$ \displaystyle -NH_2$$ group of amines, $$ \displaystyle -COOH$$ group of carboxylic acids, $$ \displaystyle >C=O$$ group of aldehydes and ketones, and $$ \displaystyle -O-$$ group of ether.s.

Write I.U.P.A.C names of the given compounds:

(i) The I.U.P.A.C name is ethyl acetate. It is an ethyl ester of acetic acid. Esters are named as alkyl alkanoates.
(ii) The I.U.P.A.C name is 1-propanol. Alcohols are named as alkanol. The parent compound contains 3 C atoms. Hence, it is derivative of propane. The last alphabate 'e' of propane is replaced with 'ol' for alcoholic $$-OH$$ group. The prefix 1 indicates that $$-OH$$ group is present on first C atom.

Identify the nucleophilicity order in the following $$H{ O }^{ \ominus }$$ $${CH}_{3}CO{ O }^{ \ominus }$$ in protic solvent:

$$CH_3COO^{-}$$ is more nucleophilic than $$OH^{-}$$.

In a protic solvent, an ion like $$OH^{-}$$ is surrounded by a tight shell of solvent molecules. This hinders its ability to attack the substrate, so its nucleophilicity decreases. A highly electronegative atom is a poor nucleophile because it is unwilling to share its electrons.

The charge density on each oxygen atom is decreased, so acetate ion is not a strong nucleophile.

Give any four functional groups containing oxygen as the heteroatom in it. Write name and structural formula of one example each.

1336760_1318436_ans_d360e9b29d0943ea8cdc3a93a693d10f.jpg

In Carius method, sulphur is oxidised to _______ with, fuming nitric acid.

$$ H_2SO_4 $$

Fill in the blanks :

In Duma's method, the nitrogen present in an organic compound is released as _________ gas.

nitrogen

Describe the following :
Chemistry of Kjeldahl's method for the estimation of nitrogen in an organic compound.

1549074_1717088_ans_76d3af9dea8e4c42a173431437823d07.JPG

A neutral organic compound is warmed with some ethanoic acid and a little of cone. $$H_{2}SO_{4}$$. Vapours having sweet smell (fruity smell) are evolved. What type of functional group is present in this organic compound?

1962433_1750962_ans_9ea1e9d06298452a825758717a7ebfed.jpg

Identify the functional groups in the following compounds.

a. $$(-CHO)$$ is the principal functional group, and phenolic and ether are secondary functional groups.

b. Ester is the principal functional group and $$ Amine(-NH_{2})$$ and $$(NR_{2})$$ are secondary functional groups.

c. $$(-COCl)$$ (acid chloride) is the principal functional group and substituted amides are secondary functional groups.

$$0.45$$g of an organic compound (A) on ignition gives $$0.905$$ g $$CO_2$$ and $$0.185$$g $$H_2O$$. $$0.35$$g (A) on boiling with $$HNO_3$$ and adding $$AgNO_3$$ solution gives $$0.574$$ g of $$AgCl$$. The vapour density of (A) is $$87.5$$. (A) on hydrolysis with $$Ca(OH)_2$$ yields (B) which on mild reduction gives an optically active compound (C). On heating (C) with $$I_2$$ and $$NaOH$$, iodoform is produced along with (D). With $$HCl$$, (D) gives a solid which is markedly more soluble in hot water than in cold. Identify (A), (B), (C) and (D).

2040338_1738609_ans_d1a07d589c6748358ecc39e9e66147e8.jpg

Complete the table.

1962620_1836316_ans_937d2fdfcb174546b2af42919fdc8316.png

Three equations are given below.
$$(i) \ CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-CH_3 \xrightarrow [ ]{ Thermal \ Cracking } CH_3-CH_3+P$$
$$(ii)\ P+H_2 \xrightarrow [ ]{ H_2 } Q$$
$$(iii)\ Q+Cl_2 \xrightarrow [ ]{ Sunlight } R$$
Write the IUPAC name of $$R$$

$$(i) \ CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-CH_3 \xrightarrow [ ]{ Thermal\ Cracking } CH_3-CH_3+ CH_2=CH_2$$

P is $$CH_2=CH_2$$ - Ethene

ii) $$CH_2=CH_2+ H_2 \xrightarrow{Ni} CH_3CH_3$$

$$Q$$

iii) $$CH_3CH_3 +Cl_2 \xrightarrow{sunlight} CH_3CH_2Cl$$

$$(ii)$$ Addition reaction

$$(iii)$$ Substitution reaction

IUPAC Name of R is - $$Chloroethane$$

In an organic compound, which parts largely determine its physical and chemical properties?

The alkyl part (carbon chain) of an organic compound determines its physical properties whereas the functional group determines its chemical properties.

Name a few sources of organic compounds

Few sources of organic compounds are:

1) Plants

2) Animals

3) Coal

4) Petroleum

5) Wood

Name the simplest organic compound.

Methane is the simplest organic compound.

Out of $$(CH_3)_2CH-$$ and $$CH_3$$- group, which is a better electron releasing group?

undefined

1990784_1826719_ans_f6e31e8486fe4ac3b81ec0a5f169df73.jpg

Draw a diagram to show the orbital overlap to form $$\pi$$-bond.

1990778_1826657_ans_21f8e0e044394c01b40b1b8234fb0d58.jpg

How will you detect the presence of carbon and hydrogen in an organic compound ?

Carbon and hydrogen in an organic compound are detected as
$$CaCO_3,\ CuSO_4.5H_2O$$
The organic compound is heated with dry copper oxide when $$C$$ and $$H$$ of the organic compound are oxidized to carbon dioxide and water.
Carbon dioxide is detected by passing it through lime to form calcium carbonate and the presence of hydrogen is detected by passing it through anhydrous copper sulphate (white) which turns blue (hydrated copper sulphate).

Carbon and hydrogen are detected by heating the organic compound with cupric oxide ($$CuO$$) strongly, where carbon is oxidized to carbon dioxide and hydrogen to water. Carbon dioxide is tested by lime water test, whereas water is tested by anhydrous copper sulphate test.

Reaction:

$$C+2CuO\rightarrow CO+2Cu$$

$$2H+CuO\rightarrow H_2O+Cu$$

$$CO_2+Ca(OH)_3\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O$$

$$5H_2O+CuSO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4.5H_2O$$

Make and exhibit the models of the following molecules using ball and sticks, different fruits and splints.
a. Water $$(H_2O)$$
b. Ammonia $$(NH_3)$$
c. Carbon dioxide $$(CO_2)$$
d. Methane $$(CH_4)$$

1931445_1850125_ans_7047065edfc64fca9d940b3022d2a5e1.jpeg

Functional group	Name of the compound	Formula
_______	Ethyl alcohol	____
_______	Acetaldehyde	_____

Structural formula of compound	Name of functional group	IUPAC name
$$CH_3 - CH_2 - CH_2 - OH$$	..............a...............	Propan-$$1$$-ol
$$CH_3 - CH_2 - CH_2 - CH - NH_2$$	.............b............	........c..........
..............d...........	Alkoxy group	Ethoxy propane

Organic Chemistry Some Basic Principles And Techniques - Class 11 Medical Chemistry - Extra Questions

Name the first organic compound that is prepared in laboratory?

Which compound did Wohler make in the laboratory first?

Why is denatured alcohol not used for drinking?

Write the IUPAC name of the following compound:$${ CH }_{ 3 }-CH_2-{ \overset { \overset { { CH }_{ 3 } }{ | } }{ CH } }-{ CH }_{ 2 }-{ CH }_{ 3 }$$

How name its IUPAC NAME:$$\left( {cc{l_3}} \right)ccl$$

$$CH_3 -\overset{OH}{\overset{|}{C}H} - \overset{CHO}{\overset{|}{C}H} - CH_2- CH_3$$What is the name of this compound?

What is the full form of IUPAC?

Write the IUPAC name of the follwoing compounds?

Write the IUPAC name of the given compound.

Name the following compounds according to IUPAC system$${ CH }_{ 3 }-\underset { \underset { { CH }_{ 3 } }{ | } }{ C } =\underset { \underset { Br }{ | } }{ C } -CH_{ 2 }OH$$

Give $$ IUPAC $$ name of $$ CH_2=CH-CH=CH_2 $$

IUPAC name of this compound is:$$Br−CH_2−CH=CH−CH_3$$

Name the functional group present in $$C{ H }_{ 3 }CHO$$ .

Write the IUPAC name of the compound.

Write the IUPAC name of the given compound.$$CH_{3}CH_{2}CH_{2}CH_{2}CH_{3}$$

Name the compound$$CH_3 - CH = CH_2$$

Name the functional group present in $$C_2H_5OH$$.

Name the functional group present in $$HCOOH$$.

Name the compound.$$CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-CH_2-CH_2-CH_2-CH_2-CH_3$$

Name of the following compound.$$H_2C = CH - CH_2 - CH_{2} - CH_3 $$

Name the functional group present in $$CH_3COCH_3$$

Write the IUPAC name of the following:$${ CH }_{ 3 }-CH=C=CH-{ CH }_{ 3 }$$

Name the functional group present in $$C_2H_5Cl$$.

Name the functional group present in $$C_2H_5COOH$$

Give IUPAC name of following compound $$CH_{2}=CH-CH_{2}-CH_{2}-CH_{3}$$

Write the IUPAC name of the following compounds?

Write the IUPAC name of the following:$${ CH }_{ 3 }-{ CH }_{ 2 }-OH$$

$$ CI_2CH-CH_2OH $$ IUPAC name of this compound

What is the IUPAC name of the given compound?$$(CH_3)_3C-CH=CH_2$$

Write the IUPAC name of the given compound.

Write the IUPAC name of the following:

$$H-\overset{O}{\overset{||}{C}}-OH$$Write the IUPAC Name?

Write $$IUPAC$$ Name of the following:$$CH_{3}-CH_{2}-CH_{2}-COOH$$

Write $$IUPAC$$ Name of the following:

Write $$IUPAC$$ Name of the following:

Give the IUPAC names of the following compounds.$$(CH_3)_2CH-CH_2-CH(CH_3)-CH(CH_3)_2$$

Which of the following is the $$IUPAC$$ name of the compound ?$$CH_3 - \overset{CH_3}{\overset{\!\!\!\!\!|}{CH}} - \overset{CH_3}{\overset{\!\!\!\!\!|}{\underset{C_2H_5}{\underset{\!\!\!\!\!|}{CH}}}} - CH_2 - CH_3$$

Write $$IUPAC$$ Name of the following:

Write $$IUPAC$$ Name of the following:

Explain and give the IUPAC name of the compound.

A)$${ CH }_{ 3 }{ CH }_{ 2 }{ CH }_{ 2 }{ CH }_{ 3 }$$B)$$\left( { CH }_{ 3 } \right) _{ 2 }{ CHCH }_{ 3 }$$C)$${ (CH }_{ 3 })_{ 4 }C$$Write the IUPAC names of the following and their characteristics

Write the IUPAC name of $${ CH }_{ 3 }-{ (CH }_{ 2 })_{ 5 }-CHO$$

Write the IUPAC name of the compound in the image, also write down the rules to name it

What is the Suffix of Ester?

Write down the IUPAC name of the following compounds(i) $${ CH }_{ 3 }{ CH(CH }_{ 3 }){ CH }_{ 2 }{ CH(CH }_{ 3 })_{ 2 }$$(ii) $${ (CH }_{ 3 })_{ 3 }{ C-(CH }_{ 2 })_{ 5 }{ -C }{ (CH }_{ 3 })_{ 3 }$$

$$CH\equiv \underset{CH_3}{\underset{|}{\underset{CH}{\underset{|}{C}}}}-CH_3$$.Write the IUPAC name of the compound

IUPAC name of $$CH_3 CH_2 OH$$

Write the IUPAC name of $$C_{6}H_{5}-NH_{2}$$

what is chromatography?give an example?

Write $$IUPAC$$ name of the compound given in the picture.

Name of following compound.$$CH_3 - \overset{O}{\overset{||}{C}} - CH_3$$

Nomenclature $$(CH_{3})_{3}C C_{2}H_{5}$$

Write the IUPAC name of the given compound.$$C - C - \underset{CH_3}{\underset{|}{\overset{CH_3}{\overset{|}{C}}}} - \underset{Cl}{\underset{|}{\overset{CH_3}{\overset{|}{C}}}} - C$$

.

Write IUPAC name: $$CH_3 - \underset{C_2H_5}{\underset{\!\!\!\!\!|}{CH}} - \underset{OH}{\underset{\!\!\!\!|}{CH}} - CH_3$$

The IUPAC name of the given compound is

IUPAC name of the given compound is:

Write the IUPAC name of the given compound

Give the IUPAC name of the following amine:

Give the IUPAC names of the following compound$$CH_3 - \underset{C_2H_5\!\!\!\!\!\!\!}{\underset{|}{\overset{F}{\overset{|}{C}}}} - CH_2 - \underset{C_2 H_5\!\!\!\!\!\!\!}{\underset{|}{\overset{Cl\!\!}{\overset{|}{C}}}} - CH_3$$

Write the IUPAC name:$$(CH_3)_3C.CH_2.CH_2Cl$$

Write the $$IUPAC$$ name of

Write the IUPAC name of

Write the $$IUPAC$$ names$$CH_3-C-CH-CH-CH_3$$

The IUPAC name of the following compound $$CH_2=CH-CH_{2}-CH_3$$ is:

The IUPAC name of

Give IUPAC name of these (i) $$CH_3 - CH_2 - \underset{CH_2}{\underset{||}{C}} - CH_2 - CH_3$$(ii) $$\underset{Cl}{\underset{|}{CH_2}} - CH_2 - C \equiv CH$$

The IUPAC name is

Give IUPAC name of the expected product in the given reaction:

The IUPAC name of the following compound $$H_3C - \overset{C_2 H_5}{\overset{\!\!\!\!\!\!|}{CH}} - \underset{CHO}{\underset{\!\!\!\!\!|}{CH}} - CH_3$$

Common name of $${CH}_{2}=CH-CH={CH}_{2}$$

The IUPAC name of the compound

Write the IUPAC name of $$CH_{3} - CH_{2} - CH_{2} - CH_{3}$$

See the two compounds given above:$$CH_3 - CH_2 - CH_2 - OH$$$$CH_3 - \underset{OH}{\underset{\!\!\!\!\!|}{CH}} - CH_3$$What is its functional group ?

The correct IUPAC name of the compound shown is

The correct IUPAC name is $$H_3C - CH_2 - O - \overset{CH_3}{\overset{\!\!\!\!\!|}{CH}} - CH_2 - CH_2 - CH_2 Cl$$

Match the organic compounds given in List I with the correct molecular formulas in List II.

Explain the term $$'\! Nomenclature'$$. State its need with reference to organic compounds.

Number of pi bonds in cyclic structure of $${S}_{3}{O}_{9}$$ is:

Write the IUPAC name of the following compound:
$${ CH }_{ 3 }-CH_2-{ \overset { \overset { { CH }_{ 3 } }{ | } }{ CH } }-{ CH }_{ 2 }-{ CH }_{ 3 }$$

How name its IUPAC NAME:
$$\left( {cc{l_3}} \right)ccl$$

$$CH_3 -\overset{OH}{\overset{|}{C}H} - \overset{CHO}{\overset{|}{C}H} - CH_2- CH_3$$
What is the name of this compound?

Name the following compounds according to IUPAC system
$${ CH }_{ 3 }-\underset { \underset { { CH }_{ 3 } }{ | } }{ C } =\underset { \underset { Br }{ | } }{ C } -CH_{ 2 }OH$$

IUPAC name of this compound is:

$$Br−CH_2−CH=CH−CH_3$$

Write the IUPAC name of the given compound.

$$CH_{3}CH_{2}CH_{2}CH_{2}CH_{3}$$

Name the compound
$$CH_3 - CH = CH_2$$

Name the compound.
$$CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-CH_2-CH_2-CH_2-CH_2-CH_3$$

Name of the following compound.
$$H_2C = CH - CH_2 - CH_{2} - CH_3 $$

Write the IUPAC name of the following:
$${ CH }_{ 3 }-CH=C=CH-{ CH }_{ 3 }$$

Give IUPAC name of following compound
$$CH_{2}=CH-CH_{2}-CH_{2}-CH_{3}$$

Write the IUPAC name of the following:

$${ CH }_{ 3 }-{ CH }_{ 2 }-OH$$

What is the IUPAC name of the given compound?
$$(CH_3)_3C-CH=CH_2$$

$$H-\overset{O}{\overset{||}{C}}-OH$$
Write the IUPAC Name?

Write $$IUPAC$$ Name of the following:
$$CH_{3}-CH_{2}-CH_{2}-COOH$$

Give the IUPAC names of the following compounds.
$$(CH_3)_2CH-CH_2-CH(CH_3)-CH(CH_3)_2$$

Which of the following is the $$IUPAC$$ name of the compound ?
$$CH_3 - \overset{CH_3}{\overset{\!\!\!\!\!|}{CH}} - \overset{CH_3}{\overset{\!\!\!\!\!|}{\underset{C_2H_5}{\underset{\!\!\!\!\!|}{CH}}}} - CH_2 - CH_3$$

A)$${ CH }_{ 3 }{ CH }_{ 2 }{ CH }_{ 2 }{ CH }_{ 3 }$$
B)$$\left( { CH }_{ 3 } \right) _{ 2 }{ CHCH }_{ 3 }$$
C)$${ (CH }_{ 3 })_{ 4 }C$$
Write the IUPAC names of the following and their characteristics

Write down the IUPAC name of the following compounds
(i) $${ CH }_{ 3 }{ CH(CH }_{ 3 }){ CH }_{ 2 }{ CH(CH }_{ 3 })_{ 2 }$$
(ii) $${ (CH }_{ 3 })_{ 3 }{ C-(CH }_{ 2 })_{ 5 }{ -C }{ (CH }_{ 3 })_{ 3 }$$

$$CH\equiv \underset{CH_3}{\underset{|}{\underset{CH}{\underset{|}{C}}}}-CH_3$$
.Write the IUPAC name of the compound

Name of following compound.
$$CH_3 - \overset{O}{\overset{||}{C}} - CH_3$$

Nomenclature
$$(CH_{3})_{3}C C_{2}H_{5}$$

Write the IUPAC name of the given compound.
$$C - C - \underset{CH_3}{\underset{|}{\overset{CH_3}{\overset{|}{C}}}} - \underset{Cl}{\underset{|}{\overset{CH_3}{\overset{|}{C}}}} - C$$

Give the IUPAC names of the following compound
$$CH_3 - \underset{C_2H_5\!\!\!\!\!\!\!}{\underset{|}{\overset{F}{\overset{|}{C}}}} - CH_2 - \underset{C_2 H_5\!\!\!\!\!\!\!}{\underset{|}{\overset{Cl\!\!}{\overset{|}{C}}}} - CH_3$$

Write the IUPAC name:
$$(CH_3)_3C.CH_2.CH_2Cl$$

Write the $$IUPAC$$ names
$$CH_3-C-CH-CH-CH_3$$

Give IUPAC name of these
(i) $$CH_3 - CH_2 - \underset{CH_2}{\underset{||}{C}} - CH_2 - CH_3$$
(ii) $$\underset{Cl}{\underset{|}{CH_2}} - CH_2 - C \equiv CH$$

Write the IUPAC name of
$$CH_{3} - CH_{2} - CH_{2} - CH_{3}$$

See the two compounds given above:
$$CH_3 - CH_2 - CH_2 - OH$$
$$CH_3 - \underset{OH}{\underset{\!\!\!\!\!|}{CH}} - CH_3$$
What is its functional group ?

$$CH_3-CH_2-\underset{COOH}{\underset{|}{CH}}-CH_2-\overset{Cl}{\overset{|}{CH}}-CH_2-CH_3$$
Write IUPAC name of the above compound.

Define functional group and complete the following table.
Functional group Name of the compound Formula
___ Ethyl alcohol
_ Acetaldehyde ___

Give IUPAC name of the following compounds :
(a) $$CH_3CH_2CH_2OH$$
(b) $$HCOOH$$
(c) $$CH_3-CH=CH-CH_3$$

$$CH_3-\overset{\underset{|}{\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,C_2H_5}}{\underset{\overset{|}{\,\,\,\,\,CH_3}}{C}}-\overset{\underset{|}{\,\,\,\,\,\,CH_3}}{\underset{\overset{|}{H}}{C}}-C\equiv C-CH_3$$
Write the IUPAC name of the above alkyne.

Identify the IUPAC name of the above compound.
$$H_3\underset{3}{C} - \underset{\underset{1}{C}H_3}{\underset{\!\!2|}{C}H} -Cl$$

Write IUPAC names of the following compounds.
$$(CH_3)_3CCH_2C(CH_3)_3$$
$$(CH_3)2C(C_2H_5)_2$$

Write IUPAC name of the following compounds:
$$[Pt(NH_3)_4Cl_2][PtCl_4]$$

Write the IUPAC name of the following compound.
$$H-CH=CH-CH_{3}$$

Write the IUPAC name of the following compound.

$${CH}_{3}CH=CH{CH}_{2}CHO$$

$$CH_3-\overset{CH_3}{\overset{|}{CH}}-CH_2-Cl$$
Write IUPAC Name for the compound.

Give the $$IUPAC $$ name of the following compounds.
$${ CH }_{ 3 }-\underset { \underset { Br }{ | } }{ C } =CH-CH_{ 2 }OH$$
$${ CH }_{ 3 }-CH_{ 2 }-CH=CH-\overset { \overset { \circ }{ \parallel } }{ C } -HOH$$

$$CH_2=CH-CH_2-CH_2-\underset{O}{\underset{||}{\,\,\,\,CH}}-CH_2-OH$$
Write the IUPAC name of the given compound.

$$CH_3-O-CH_2-CH_2-O-CH_2-CH_2-O-CH_3$$
What is the IUPAC name for the compound?

Write the structure of the following IUPAC name:
2-Methylpentane-2,4-diol

Write the structure of the following IUPAC name:
(i) 1,1-Dibromo-3-ethyl-4-flourohexane (ii) 5-Bromomethyl-6-methylhept-3-ene